Agricultural Mechanization and Machinery

1. The development of a desirable soil structure for a seedbed does not include:

a. higher water infiltration rate b. increased water surface runoff

c. greater water holding capacity d. promotion of root penetration
2. Soil cut, lifted, inverted and thrown to one side of the blow bottom is termed:

a. furrow b. furrowslice
c. backfurrow d. Deadfurrow
3. Bend sideward of the point of the share to make the plow cut the proper width is:
a. vertical clearance b. horizontal suction
c. disc angle d. tilt angle
4. The angle the disc of a disc plow makes with the direction of travel to make it cut the proper
width and allow it to rotate when moving forward is:

a. 15 – 25 degrees b. 42 – 45 degrees
c. 55 – 60 degrees d. 30 – 36 degrees
SWEff
5. In the equation C = 10 , C is capacity expresses in:

a. m2/h b. m2/day
c. ha/h d. ha/day
6. Floating power tillers are used in:

a. 2-wheel tractor for wetland op. b. 2-wheel tractor for dryland op.
c. 4-wheel tractor for wetland op. d. 4-wheel tractor for wetland op
7. The mechanical function of the planter does not include:

a. sort the seeds b. meter the seeds

c. deposit the seeds d. cover the seeds
8. The horizontal seed plate is used for:

a. row-crop drill planter b. hill-drop planter

c. solid drill planter d. broadcaster

9. Method of pest control not considered engineering control is:

a. chemical control b. biological control

c. mechanical control d. a and b
10. Sprayers are used primarily for the application of:

a. herbicides b. insecticides
c. fungicides d. pesticides
11. Which of the following is not a spray nozzle pattern?

a. hollow cone nozzle pattern b. solid cone nozzle pattern

c. hollow fan nozzle pattern d fan nozzle pattern
12. Which of the following belong to the group of variable displacement pump?

a. centrifugal pump b. mixed flow pump

c. air lift pump d. all of the above
QxH
13. In the equation for horsepower, Hp = 3960xEff , Eff is:

a. efficiency of pump b. efficiency of transmission

c. efficiency of prime mover d. efficiency of the system
14. The direct type of power transmission system has:

a. 90% Eff b. 95% Eff

c. 98% Eff d. 100% Eff
15. The traditional system of harvesting and threshing of rice is:

a. manual harvesting and threshing b. manual harvesting and mechanical threshing

c. mechanical harvesting and threshing d. combining
16. Among the factors affecting the choice of harvesting and threshing system, which one is the
major factor?

a. kind of crop b. timeliness of operation

c. topography d. farm size
17. The threshing action most commonly employed by a mechanical thresher for rice is:

a. rubbing action b. impact action

c. stripping action d. all of the above
18. The acronym PAES means:

a. Philippine Agricultural Engineering Society

b. Professional Agricultural Engineering Society
c. Philippine Agricultural Engineering Standards
d. Professional Agricultural Engineering Standards
19. How many standards are now available in PAES?

a. 60 standards b. 82 standards
c. 103 standards d. 119 standards
20. A 4-ha field was plowed using a three-bottom 12-inch tractor-mounted moldboard plow. It took
11 hours to complete the operation at a tractor speed of 5 kph.
Find the field efficiency.
a. 75% b. 80%
c. 85% d. 90%
21. A 3-ha field was plowed using a 15-cm wide animal-drawn plow at 4 kph and field efficiency of
75%. The draft required to pull the plow is 60 kg.
Find the distance traveled to plow the field.
a. 66.67 km b. 133.33
c. 200 km d. 266.67 km
22. The calibration of the 9X7 (9 rows X 7 inches row spacing) grain drill is shown below. Row
spacing to be adjusted to 14 inches. Groundwheel diameter is 1.22 m.

Discharge (gm)
Seeding Adjustment
(9 rows for 10 revolutions of groundwheel)
¼ Open 140
½ Open 460
¾ Open 740
Full Open 1,100

What is the seeding rate at ¼ open seeding adjustment?

a. 5 kg/ha b. 11 kg/ha
c. 8 kg/ha d. 20 kg/ha
23. Determine the size of the diesel engine to be used for a 4 inches X 4 inches centrifugal pump.
Pump discharge is 200gpm. Total head is 24 ft. Pump efficiency is 55%. V-belt efficiency is
95%. And air-cooled diesel engine delivery rating is 70%.

a. 1.6 hp b. 2.4 hp
c. 3.3 hp d. 4.7 hp
24. A 4-m combine traveling at 5 kph can empty its 1.5-ton grain tank in 2 minutes. When unloading
on-the-go, it has an 86% field efficiency. Field yield is 3.5 tons/ha. What would be the field
efficiency if the combine stopped to load?

a. 70% b. 75%
c. 80% d. 85%
25. A 4-wheel tractor with 3X14 inches moldboard plow is to operate on clay loam soil (specific draft
= 0.56 kg/cm2) at a depth of 25.4 cm. The maximum draft and percent increase in draft due to
speed are:

Gear Setting Speed (kph) Max. Draft (kg) Increase in draft due to speed (%)
1L 3.2 4,000 14
2L 4.8 3,100 28
3L 6.4 2,200 42
4L 8.0 1,300 56

Determine the tractor horsepower required to perform the operation.

a. 55 hp b. 60 hp
c. 65 hp d. 70 hp
26. A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller at a speed of 3
kph. Assume a 10% overlap between passings and 9 seconds turn around time at the end of
each pass.
Determine the theoretical field capacity.
a. 0.25 ha/hr b. 0.3 ha/hr
c. 0.35 ha/hr d. 0.4 ha/hr
27. The three main sources of power for mechanization include:

a. human, animal & mechanical b. human, electrical & mechanical

c. animal, electrical & mechanical d. human, animal & electrical
28. Before the adoption of mechanized harvest and postharvest operations for rice, field losses were:

a. 5 – 15% b. 10 – 27%
c. 10 – 37% d. 20 – 30%
29. In optimizing the capacity of a machine, it is recommended to have:

a. one small machine b. one big machine

c. two or more small machines d. all of the above
30. Primary tillage involves cutting the soil to a depth of :

a. up to 3 inches b. 3 to 6 inches
c. 6 to 18 inches d. 6 to 36 inches
31. Primary tillage equipment that cuts the soil to a depth of 6 to 18 inches is called:

a. moldboard plow b. subsoiler

c. chisel plow d. spiral plow
32. The perpendicular distance between the wing and point of the share determines the:

a. longitudinal dimension of plow b. transverse dimension of plow

c. diagonal dimension of plow d. maximum dimension of plow
33. Draft of plows is primarily determined by:

a. type of soil b. speed of plowing

c. sharpness of cutting edge d. overall adjustment of plow
34. Determine the theoretical field capacity when a tractor operating at 6.4 kph is pulling four-36 cm
moldboard plow bottoms at a depth of 20 cm.

a. 7.2 ha/day b. 0.72 ha/hr

c. 0.18 ha/hr d. 1.8 ha/day
35. Planters designed to plant seeds continuously in rows with row spacing greater than 36 cm is
called:

a. row-crop drill planter b. hill-drop planter

c. solid drill planter d. broadcaster
36. The groundwheel of a planter is normally related to the operation of the:

a. furrow opener b. metering device

c. seed tube d. double-disc closer
37. Part of a planter that is always present in all planters regardless of type and cropping system:
a. furrow opener b. metering device
c. seed tube d. furrow closer
38. Operation with the highest manual labor requirement for lowland rice:

a. plowing with carabao b. hand transplanting

c. weeding with push-type weeder d. manual harvesting
39. Principle used in creating hydraulic energy in a lever-operated knapsack sprayer is:

a. adding air to a container with fixed volume of liquid

b. adding liquid to a container with a fixed volume of air
c. adding liquid to a container with an existing volume of liquid
d. adding air to a container with an existing volume of air
40. Which of the following is not a part of a typical lever-operated knapsack sprayer?

a. tank b. pump
c. pressure gage d. nozzle
41. Which of the following is not a part of a typical lift pump?

a. inlet valve b. piston

c. plunger d. bucket valve
QxH
42. In the equation for horsepower, Hp = 3960xEff , Q is pump output in:

a. gallons b. gpm
c. liters d. lps
43. Which of the following is not a typical example of a small single-cylinder engine?

a. air-cooled gasoline engine b. water-cooled gasoline engine

c. air-cooled diesel engine d. water-cooled diesel engine
44. The conventional system of harvesting and threshing of rice in the Philippines is:

a. manual harvesting and threshing b. Manual harvesting and mechanical

threshing
c. mechanical harvesting and threshing d. combining
45. Average harvesting losses of rice at maturity date is 3.35 %, but two weeks after maturity date
this will increase to:

a. 5.63% b. 8.64%
c. 40.70% d. 60.46%
46. The threshing action where grains are detached from their panicles when the straw is pulled
through a “V” shaped configuration is called:

a. rubbing action b. impact action

c. stripping action d. a and b
47. The development of PAES started in:

a. 1985 b. 1990
c. 1995 d. 2000
48. What is the theoretical field capacity of a 3-m combine traveling at 100 meters in 52 seconds?

a. 0.03 ha/hr b. 0.57 ha/hr

c. 1.45 ha/hr d. 2.08 ha/hr
49. Twelve man-days is equivalent to:
a. one man working for 12 hrs b. three men working for three days
c. six men working for 2 hrs d. four men working for three days
50. A 3-ha field was plowed using a 15-cm wide animal-drawn plow at 4 kph and field efficiency of
75%. The draft required to pull the plow is 60 kg.
Find the horsepower output of the animal:
a. 0.66 hp b. 0.88 hp
c. 0.77 hp d. 1.0 hp
51. The calibration of the 9X7 (9 rows X 7 inches row spacing) grain drill is shown below. Row
spacing is to be adjusted to 14 inches. Groundwheel diameter is 1.22 m.

Discharge (gm)
Seeding Adjustment
(9 rows for 10 revolutions of groundwheel)
¼ Open 140
½ Open 460
¾ Open 740
Full Open 1,100

What is the seeding rate at ½ adjustment:

a. 25 kg/ha b. 68 kg/has
c. 38 kg/ha c. 79 kg/ha
52. A 5-m self-propelled combine makes an average stop of 4 min every time its 2-ton grain tank is
to be unloaded. Gross yield of the 20-ha field is 42 tons. The operating speed is 4.8 kph. The
time for turning on the headland at the ends of the 500-m field is 15 seconds.
Find the theoretical field capacity of the combine:
a. 1.2 ha/hr b. 2.4 ha/hr
c. 3.6 ha/hr d. 4.8 ha/hr
53. A 4-wheel tractor with 3X14 inches moldboard plow is to operate on clay loam soil (specific draft
= 0.56 kg/cm2) at a depth of 25.4 cm. The maximum draft and percent increase in draft due to
speed are:

Gear Setting Speed (kph) Max. Draft (kg) Increase in draft due to speed (%)
1L 3.2 4,000 14
2L 4.8 3,100 28
3L 6.4 2,200 42
4L 8.0 1,300 56

Determine the highest gear setting that can sustain the draft requirement for the operation:
a. 1L b. 2L
c. 3L d. 4L
54. The application rate of a certain chemical is recommended at 4 kg/ha. The calibration test of a
16-liter knapsack sprayer is as follows: Nozzle discharge = 1.2 liters/min, swath = 1.5 m and
walking speed = 20 m/min
Determine the number of sprayer loadings per hectare:
a. 15 b. 20
c. 25 d. 30
55. A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller at a speed of 3
kph. Assume a 10% overlap between passings and 9 seconds turn around time at the end of
each pass.
Determine actual field capacity when tilling is done along the longer field direction:
a. 0.23 ha/hr b. 0.25 ha/hr
c. 0.27 ha/hr d. 0.29 ha/hr
56. Select a farm operation that can only be done with the use of a machine:

a. plowing b. spraying
c. harvesting d. threshing
57. Which of the following agencies does not belong to the Department of Agriculture?

a. BPRE b. BPI
c. AMMDA d. RAEG
58. The use of machinery does not only imply ownership, the following are also considered viable
options:

a. renting b. custom hire service

c. joint ownership d. borrowing
59. Secondary tillage involves pulverizing the soil to a depth of:

a. up to 3 inches b. 3 to 6 inches
c. 6 to 18 inches d. 6 to 36 inches
60. Part of the moldboard plow bottom that receives the furrowlice , lifts, inverts and throws it to one
side is called:

a. share b. moldboard
c. landside d. frog
61. Type of plow developed in an effort to reduce friction in a sliding bottom by using a rolling
bottom is:

a. moldboard plow b. disc plow

c. subsoilers d. rototiller
SWEff
62. In the equation C = 10 , S is speed of plowing in:

a. mps b. kph
c. fpm d. mph
63. Disc harrow consisting of four gangs of discs with two gangs in front and two gangs at the rear is
called:

a. single-action disc harrow b. double-action disc harrow

c. off-set disc harrow c. all of the above
64. Planter designed to plant seeds in rows and in hills is called:

a. row-crop drill planter b. hill-drop planter

c. solid drill planter d. broadcaster

65. The adjustable orifice with agitator is used for:

a. row-crop drill planter b. hill-drop planter

c. broadcaster d. transplanter
66. Parameter not required in the calibration of a planter is:

a. row spacing b. ave. seed emergence

c. forward speed d. groundwheel diameter
67. Soil working part utilized by push-type weeders for dryland operation is:

a. blade type b. tine type

c. rotary type d. all of the above
68. Which of the following statements is incorrect: The higher the pressure, … :

a. the larger the droplet size b.the higher flow rate

c. the wider the spray angle d. all of the above
69. In a water pumping system, the source of water is usually at a:

a. lower elevation than pt. of delivery b. equal elevation than ….

c. higher elevation than …. d. a and c
70. Which of the following is not part of a force pump?

a. inlet valve b. piston

c. plunger d. discharge valve
QxH
71. In the equation for horsepower, Hp = 3960xEff , H is total head in:

a. ft. b. ft/min
c. meters d. meters/min
72. The power unit for driving centrifugal pumps for household use is usually:

a. electric motor b. gasoline engine

c. diesel engine d. kerosene engine
73. The most recently developed system of harvesting and threshing of rice is:

a. mechanical harvesting & threshing b. combining

c. stripping d. all of the above
74. A machine that cuts standing crop, conveys the cut crop to one side, and lays them down in an
orderly manner is called:

a. sickle b. reaper-windrower
c. reaper-binder d. stripper
75. The Japanese combine is characterized as:

a. low power & hold-on feeding b. low power & throw-in feeding
c. high power & hold-on feeding d. high power & throw-in feeding
76. How many volumes of PAES were adopted by the Department of Agriculture?

a. two b. three
c. four d. five
77. A 4-ha field was plowed using a three-bottom 12-inch tractor-mounted moldboard plow. It took
11 hrs. to complete the operation at a tractor speed of 5 kph.
Find the theoretical field capacity:
a. 0.46 ha/hr b. 1.45 ha/hr
c. 1.13 ha/hr d. 1.8 ha/hr
78. How many times greater is the power of a carabao over man?

a. 0.1 b. 1.0
c. 10 d. 100
79. The fertility of a particular field is such that maximum corn yield is obtained with a population of
54,000 plants per hectare. A checkrow corn planter is used which discharges 2 seeds/hill.
Average emergence is 85%. Row spacing = hill spacing. Find the spacing:

a. 0.56 m b. 0.75 m
c. 0.65 m d. 1.0 m
80. The calibration of the 9X7 (9 rows X 7 inches row spacing) grain drill is shown below. Row
spacing is to be adjusted to 14 inches. Groundwheel diameter is 1.22 m.

Discharge (gm)
Seeding Adjustment
(9 rows for 10 revolutions of groundwheel)
¼ Open 140
½ Open 460
¾ Open 740
 Full Open 1,100

What is the seeding rate at ¾ adjustment?

a. 60 kg/ha b. 70 kg/ha
c. 80 kg/ha d. 90 kg/ha
81. A 5-m self-propelled combine makes an average stop of 4 min every time its 2-ton grain tank is
to be unloaded. Gross yield of the 20-ha field is 42 tons. The operating speed is 4.8 kph. The
time for turning on the headland at the ends of the 500-m field is 15 seconds.
Find the actual field capacity:
a. 1.5 ha/hr b. 2.5 ha/hr
c. 2.0 ha/hr d. 3.0 ha/hr
82. A 4-wheel tractor with 3X14 inches moldboard plow is to operate on clay loam soil (specific draft
= 0.56 kg/cm2) at a depth of 25.4 cm. The maximum draft and percent increase in draft due to
speed are:

Gear Setting Speed (kph) Max. Draft (kg) Increase in draft due to speed (%)
1L 3.2 4,000 14
2L 4.8 3,100 28
3L 6.4 2,200 42
4L 8.0 1,300 56
Determine the drawbar horsepower to perform the operation.
a. 45 hp b. 50 hp
c. 55 hp d. 60 hp
83. The application rate of a certain chemical is recommended at 4 kg/ha. The calibration test of a
16-liter knapsack sprayer is as follows: Nozzle discharge = 1.2 liters/min, swath = 1.5 m and
walking speed = 20 m/min
Determine the amount of chemical to mix with water per loading:
a. 102 gms/load b. 160 gms/load
c. 200 gms/load d. 240 gms/load
84. A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller at a speed of 3
kph. Assume a 10% overlap between passings and 9 seconds turn around time at the end of
each pass.
Determine the field efficiency in going the longer field direction:
a. 77% b. 80%
c. 83% d. 86%
85. Select two consecutive farm operations which when done mechanically can increase cropping
intensity:

a. planting – spraying b. irrigation – weeding

c. harvesting – plowing d. harvesting – threshing
86. Which of the following agencies is not based in a university?

a. AMTEC b. PhilSCAT
c. AMDP d. PCARRD
87. The following are considered discounted measures of project worth:

a. payback period b. internal rate of return

c. benefit-cost ratio d. net present value
88. General-purpose tillage involves cutting and pulverizing the soil to a depth of:

a. up to 3 inches b. up to 6 inches
c. up to 12 inches d. up to 18 inches
89. Bend downward of the point of the share to make the plow penetrate the soil to the proper depth
is:

a. tilt angle b. disc angle

c. horizontal suction d. vertical clearance
90. Width of cut of the disc plow is influenced by:

a. disc diameter b. depth of cut

c. disc angle d. all of the above
SWEff
91. In the equation C = 10 , W is width of cut expressed in: (code 16)

a. ft. b. m
c. km d. mile

92. General-purpose tillage equipment are used in:

a. 2-wheel tractor for wetland op. b. 4-wheel tractor for dryland op.
c. 4-wheel tractor for wetland op. d. all of the above
93. Planter designed to place seedlings in rows and in hills is called:

a. row-crop drill planter b. hill-drop planter

c. solid drill planter d. transplanter
94. The IRRI drum seeder is an example of:

a. row-crop drill planter b. hill-drop planter

c. solid drill planter d. broadcaster
95. Parameter not required in determining the field capacity of a planter:

a. width of planter b. forward speed of planter

c. No. of seeds per hill d. efficiency of planter

96. Type of soil working parts utilized by push-type weeders for wetland operation:

a. blade type b. tine type

c. rotary type d. all of the above
97. Which of the following is not measured in calibrating a sprayer?

a. nozzle discharge b. effective working width

c. walking speed d. application rate
98. Which of the following does not belong to the group of positive displacement pumps?

a. lift pump b. force pump

c. rotary pump d. propeller pump
99. According to the National Irrigation Administration (NIA), water requirement for rice production
is:

a. 5 mm/day b. 10 mm/day
c. 15 mm/day d. 20 mm/day
100. If the specific yield of a particular well is 3 gpm/ft drawdown and the discharge rate of the pump
is 30gpm, the total drawdown is:

a. 1 ft b. 3 ft
c. 10 ft d. 30 ft
101. Which of the following operation is not done by a stripper?

a. cutting of standing crop b. stripping

c. cleaning of grains d. conveying of grains to the tank
102. The cutting mechanism most commonly employed by reapers and combines is:

a. slicing & tearing b. high velocity, single-element, impact action

c. two-element, scissor-type action d. all of the above
103. The IRRI axial-flow thresher is characterized as:

a. low power & hold-on feeding b. low power & throw-in feeding
c. high power & hold-on feeding d. high power &throw-in feeding
104. What section is not yet included in the PAES?

a. Production/postharvest machinery b. Irrigation and drainage

c. agricultural structures d. engineering materials
105. A 4-ha field was plowed using a three-bottom 12-inch tractor-mounted moldboard plow. It took
11 hrs. to complete the operation at a tractor speed of 5 kph.
Find the actual field capacity:
a. 0.09 ha/hr b. 0.5 ha/hr
c. 0.36 ha/hr d. 1.5 ha/hr
106. A 3-ha field was plowed using a 15-cm wide animal-drawn plow at 4 kph and field efficiency of
75%. The draft required to pull the plow is 60 kg.

Find the time required to plow the field:

a. 11.11 hrs b. 22.22 hrs
c. 44.44 hrs d. 66.66 hrs
107. The calibration of the 9X7 (9 rows X 7 inches row spacing) grain drill is shown below. Row
spacing is to be adjusted to 14 inches. Groundwheel diameter is 1.22 m.

Discharge (gm)
Seeding Adjustment
(9 rows for 10 revolutions of groundwheel)
¼ Open 140
½ Open 460
¾ Open 740
Full Open 1,100

What is the seeding rate at full open adjustment?

a. 60 kg/ha b. 70 kg/ha
c. 80 kg/ha d. 90 kg/ha
108. A 5-m self-propelled combine makes an average stop of 4 min every time its 2-ton grain tank is
to be unloaded. Gross yield of the 20-ha field is 42 tons. The operating speed is 4.8 kph. The
time for turning on the headland at the ends of the 500-m field is 15 seconds.
Find the field efficiency:
a. 78% b. 83%
c. 87% d. 90%
109. The application rate of a certain chemical is recommended at 4 kg/ha. The calibration test of a
16-liter knapsack sprayer is as follows: Nozzle discharge = 1.2 liters/min, swath = 1.5 m and
walking speed = 20 m/min
Determine the total volume of water applied per hectare:
a. 200 liters b. 300 liters
c. 400 liters d. 500 liters
110. A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller at a speed of 3
kph. Assume a 10% overlap between passings and 9 seconds turn around time at the end of
each pass.
Determine actual field capacity when tilling is done along the shorter field direction:
a. 0.23 ha/hr b. 0.25 ha/hr
c. 0.27 ha/hr d. 0.29 ha/hr
111. A field measuring 45 m X 90 m is to be prepared using a 1-m upland power tiller at a speed of 3
kph. Assume a 10% overlap between passings and 9 seconds turn around time at the end of
each pass.
Determine the field efficiency in going the shorter field direction:
a. 77% b. 80%
c. 83% d. 86%
112. Which of the following countries follow the mechanization model of low land area to farmer ratio?
a. Thailand b. Philippines
c. Malaysia d. Indonesia
113. The gasoline engine is characterized as:

a. low first cost – high operating cost b. low first cost – low operating cost
c. high first cost – high operating cost d. high first cost – low operating cost
114. Using the specifications of the transmission system of the metering devise (horizontal seed plate)
of the two-row corn planter, determine the expected hill spacing. Row spacing = 75 cm,
groundwheel diameter = 60 cm, no. of cells of seedplate = 20, T1 = 6t, T2 = 18t, T3 = 10t and
T4 = 25t.

a. 0.62 m b. 0.81 m
c. 0.71m d. 0.92 m
115. The three-phase electric motor is characterized as:

a. low first cost – high operating cost b. low first cost – low operating cost
c. high first cost – high operating cost d. high first cost – low operating cost

A 1000 kg carabao traveling at v kph is pulling a moldboard plow whose width of cut is w
centimeter at a depth of d inches. If the soil draft.is s kg/sq.cm.
31. What is the total pull (in lb) being exerted by the carabao?
a. 5.85 swd b. 5.95 swd c. 5.59 swd d. none of the above
32. At the given velocity, how long will it take to plow a rectangular field W meters wide and L meters
length.
a. lw/10VW b. Lw/10vW c. lW/10Vw d. LW/10vw
33. If the weight of the carabao is increased to 1,500 kg by how many percent is the
total pull exerted by the carabao increased.
a. 50% b. 33.33% c. 30% d. 53.33%
34. If each succeeding pass overlaps the previous pass by 10 %, by how much longer
will it take to plow the same field in item no. 32.
a. LW / 90 vw b. LW / 9 vw c. Lw / 9 vW d. Lw / 90 vW
35-36. A two-hectare rice field whose length is twice its width is to be harvested by a
stripper combine whose average speed will be 5 kph.. Field sampling of the crop
showed 0.60 kg paddy per sq. meter. If the combine was able to finish the area in two
hours,
35. How wide is the swath of the combine?
a. 2 m b. 79 in c. 6.6 ft d. all of the above
36. Based on the field area sampling what will be the total yield of the 2-hectare field?
a. 12,000 kg b, 423,288 oz c. 12,200x 10 3 g d. 26,840 lbs
37-40. A 6-nozzle boom sprayer is mounted at the back of a four wheel tractor. The nozzles
are arranged 150 cm. apart along the boom length. Each nozzle has a 60 degree spray
angle. Each nozzle delivers k 1/min.
37. At what height must the boom be raised, relative to the ground level, so that the spray from each
nozzle does not overlap upon reaching the top of the rice plant canopy which is 50 cm tall?
a. 108 cm b. 180 cm c. 93.3 cm d. 309.8 cm
38. What is the effective swath of the boom sprayer in number 37.
a. 150 cm b. 750 cm c. 75 cm d. 900 cm
39. If the tractor travels at 5 kph with 95% field efficiency, what will be the spraying capacity (in ha/hr)
under the condition in no. 38.
a. 4.25 b. 4.52 c. 4.28 d. 470
40. If each nozzle delivers one liter per minute, how many liters per hectare will the boom sprayer deliver
under the conditions in no. 39?
a. 84.11 li/ha b. 184.11 li/ha c. 16 li/ha d. 17 li/ha

Additional Review Problems

1. A farmer uses a hand tractor with 20 cm moldboard plow. How many kilometers must he walk to
plow one hectare? (Ans. 50 km)

2. If he overlaps each pass by 10%, how many kilometers more will he have to walk to plow one
hectare? (Ans. 5.56 km)

3. If his walking speed is 1.55 miles per hour, how long will it take him to plow in each case (in #1 &
#2)? What will be his plowing capacity (ha/h) in each case? (Ans. Time case1: 20 hrs., case2: 22.22
hrs.; plowing capacity case1: 0.05 ha/h, case2: 0.045 ha/h)

4. An engine at 2000 rpm is to drive a pump to run at 1000 rpm. The engine drive pulley is 15 cm in
diameter and there is a 10% belt slippage. What should be the diameter of the pulley on the pump?
(Ans. 27 cm)

5. A.) How many hectares can be plowed in one hour by a tractor operating at 5 kph and is pulling 3
moldboard plows with a total width of cut of 160 cm at a depth of 14 cm? (Ans. 0.80 ha/h)

B.) What is the total draft in kilogram pull if there is a draft of 0.45 kg/cm 2? (Ans. 1008 kg)

C.) How many hectares can be plowed in 3 hours if 8% of the time is spent on headland turning?
(Ans. 2.208 ha)

6. A 2-hectare farm is to be planted by a 4-row rear mounted corn planter traveling 5km/h with a row
spacing of 1 meter. The field is twice as long as its width. If 3 minutes is spent for each head land
turn;

A.) How many turns will the planter make to plant the whole area? (Ans. 24 turns)

B.) How many hours are needed to plant the whole field if the plant rows run along the longer
length? (Ans. 2.2 hours)

C.) How many percent of the total planting time in (B) was spent in headland turning? (Ans.
54.54%)
D.) If the planter delivered an average of 12 seeds per linear meter, how many seeds are needed for
the entire area including the headlands? Planting is along the longer side. (Ans. 240,000 seeds)

7. A sprayer is operating at 6 kph, covering 30 hectares in 6 hours. 20% of the time was spent on
headland turning and tank filling.
A.) What is the effective swat boom of the sprayer? (Ans. 10.42 meters)

B.) If the area is increased to 40 hectares, what should be the operating speed to finish spraying in 6
hours with 20% time loss? (Ans. 8.0 kph)

C.) If the boom is 10 meters wide and delivers 25 liters/hour, what is the application rate in l/ha in
(A) & (B)? (Ans. In (A) 250 l/ha, (B) 187.5 l/ha)

8. A farmer will use an 8-row grain drill for planting paddy. Its groundwheel is one meter in diameter
designed for slip operation. Row spacing is adjustable. He will follow a 100-kg/ha seeding rate
recommendation.
A.) If the row spacing is 25 cm, how much paddy (in grams) must the drill deliver for one revolution?
(Ans. 62.8 grams)
B.) If 1000 seeds weighs 25 grams and assuming uniform distribution, how many seeds must there
be per linear meter along the row? (Ans. 100 seeds/m)
C.) If the seed germination rate is 90%, how many rice plants will be established per square meter?
(Ans. 360 seeds will grow)
D.) If the working speed is 5 km/h, how much time is needed to plant a square 2-hectare field at
20cm row spacing? (Ans. 2.5 hours)