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Light PPT 1

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Jyotiprokash Bhandary
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15 views24 pages

Light PPT 1

Uploaded by

Jyotiprokash Bhandary
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Light 1

WHAT IS LIGHT ?
Light is an electromagnetic radiation within certain
portion of electromagnetic spectrum. The word
usually refers to visible light, which is visible to
human eye and it is responsible for sense of sight.

Light 2
Where does light come from?

Light 3
Where else does light come from?

Light 4
Sorting light sources
Natural vs. Man-made (artificial)

Light 5
Are these light sources?

Moon Mirror
Water

These items are not light sources, instead they


are reflecting light from other sources.
Light 6
How does light travel?
light
source

 Light rays travel in straight lines from the light source.


 When it hits an opaque object, some light is absorbed and
the rest reflects off.
 If the object is transparent, light rays pass through it
easily.
 If the object is translucent, some light can pass through,
but the rest of the light will be reflected.
How do we see?
Light coming from, (or reflecting off)
objects enters the eye through the cornea
then the pupil.

It is focused clearly by the lens on to the


retina.

The light sensitive cells of the retina gather


information about patterns of light and dark,
colour and movement and send it through the
optic nerve.
How do we see?
Information entering the brain through the
optic nerve, is then transmitted through
more nerve pathways to the visual cortex.

Here the patterns of light and dark, colour


and movement are interpreted.

The brain, based on past experience, can


then understand what it ‘sees’.
How do we see colour?
light
source  Light from most light
sources looks white, but
actually contains all the
colours of the spectrum;
also known as the
rainbow.
 If an object looks blue, it
is absorbing every colour
except blue, which is
reflecting off it and
entering your eyes.
 If an object looks orange,
it is absorbing every colour
except orange, which,
again, is reflecting off and
entering your eyes.
 If an object looks red...
(You get the idea!)
How does light reflect?

Angle of incidence

Angle of reflection

The ‘angle of
reflection’ is
always equal
to the ‘angel
of incidence’.
How does light form shadows?

light
source

 Light rays travel in straight lines, radiating out from the


light source.
 If rays are blocked by an opaque object a shadow forms
where the light cannot reach.
 If the light source is moved closer to the object, more
light is blocked and a larger shadow is formed.
LATERAL INVERSION
For Example You are the object and
what you see in mirror is your image.
You are identical to your image as seen
in the mirror. In case of a plane mirror
the image formed is erect and same
size as the object. But there is one
difference is in your left and right.
When you move your right hand, in the
image it seems as if your left hand is
moving. This is called lateral inversion,
where left appear be right and right
appears to be left.

Light 13
REFLECTING THROUGH SPHERICAL
MIRRORS
If the reflecting surface
of a spherical mirror is
concave, it is called as a
concave mirror. If the
reflecting surface of a
spherical mirror is
convex, it is called a
convex mirror.

Light 14
USES OF SPHERICAL MIRRORS
➢Convex mirror
➢Concave mirror
Convex mirror

Convex are mainly use at rear side of a car


on driver’s side of a car is a convex mirror.
In some countries, these are labelled with
safety warning , to warm the driver of the
convex mirror’s distorting effects on actual
distance of the vehicle behind the driver

Light 15
Concave
mirror

• 1. Doctors use concave mirror


for examining eyes , ears, nose
and throat.
• 2. Concave mirrors are also
used by dentists to see an
enlarged image of teeth.
• 3. The reflectors of torches,
headlights of cars and scooters
are concave in shape.

Light 16
LAWS OF REFLECTION
•Incident ray – The light ray falling on any
surface is called the incident ray.
•Reflected ray- The light ray that comes
back after reflection is called the reflected
ray.
•Normal ray – The line perpendicular to
the reflecting surface is called the normal
ray.
•Angle of incidence – The angle between
the incident ray and the normal ray is
called the angle of incidence.
•Angle of reflection – the angle between
the reflected ray and the normal ray is
called the angle of reflection.
Light 17
REGULAR AND IRREGULAR REFLECTION
Irregular
reflection

The Laws of reflection are valid for


reflection from all shiny surfaces.
Thus the angle of incidence has to
be equal to the angle of reflection
in each case. It is just that the rays
reflected from an irregular surface
are unparallel rays. When the rays
reflected from a plane surfaces are
not parallel, the reflection is known
irregular reflection. Light 18
Regular reflection

On the other hand, reflection of light rays from a smooth


surface like that of a plane mirror is called a regular
reflection Images formed by regular reflection.

Light 19
MULTIPLE REFLECTIONS
To predict the path of incident
rays for this case, we need to
apply the laws of reflection
again. However, at the same
time, understand that when two
mirrors are placed at an angle
the rays of light are reflected
multiple times through them.
For instance, when two mirrors
are set parallel facing each
other they will create the
illusion that the image of the
object repeats forever.
Light 20
KALEIDOSCOPE –
AN ILLUSTRATION OF
MULTIPLE REFLECTION
The kaleidoscope also
uses multiple
reflections through
mirrors to form
beautiful patterns.

Light 21
SUNLIGHT AND ITS COLOURS

• The seven colours


are violet, indigo,
blue, green, yellow,
orange and red. All
this spectrum of
colours we can
perform this simple
activity.

Light 22
CARE OF YOUR EYES

• Never rub your eyes if some particles dust


go into your eyes, wash your eyes with clean
water. In case there is no improvement, visit
a doctor.
• Never look directly into a very bright source
of light, like the sun. It can damage the
retina of the eye.
• You should have regular checkup for your
eyes. If there is any problem, you should go
to an eye specialist. If advised, use suitable
spectacles.

Light 23
THE END

Light 24

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