Title Explanation

Refers to the laws, regulations, and guidelines that express the praxis of teaching. These laws set
the rights, responsibilities, and standards expected of teachers, scope of training, professional conduct,
employment rights, and student rights. Understanding these laws is important for teachers to ensure
compliance and maintain the integrity of the profession.

A. Article XIV of the 1987 Philippine constitution.

Under the 1987 Philippine Constitution, there is an important part called Article XIV. It contains guides
to education in the Philippines. It is said here that education is important for the development of our
country, especially in the fields of science, technology, culture, and sports. This article expresses the
dreams and goals of our education, which is not only in terms of idealism but also in economic
development.

Section 1: As teachers, it is important for us to understand that the Philippines is committed to

providing quality education to its citizens. Our goal is to develop a literate, informed, and productive
society.

Section 2: As educators, the state promotes quality education at all levels, including formal, non-formal,
alternative, and national types of education. This also includes providing financial aid and effective
student support.

Section 3: It provides a framework for long-term values, knowledge, and skills that should be
emphasized in all curriculum content.

Section 4: It contains the guidelines for the establishment and management of educational institutions
in the Philippines, which reinforces the principle that Filipinos should own them.

Section 5: It emphasizes regional and sectoral needs in educational policy planning, which promotes
academic freedom, professional choice, professional advancement, and substantial budgetary support
for education.

Section 6-9: Its purpose is the development and propagation of Filipino as the national language and
medium of instruction. It also recognizes the importance of other local and foreign languages.

Section 14-18: It mentions the development and propagation of Filipino culture, which includes different
cultural practices, traditions, beliefs, and indigenous knowledge of different cultural groups and regions
in the country.

Section 19: It provides a framework for the promotion and development of sports programs for the
well-being of Filipinos.

B. Republic Act 232

 Republic Act 232, otherwise known as the Education Act of 1982. This law, signed by President
Ferdinand E. Marcos, contains important rights and duties of teachers. which Let's study these sections
carefully to better understand ours

Section 10

rights and duties as teachers. In section 10 of Republic Act 232, the rights of all school personnel are
emphasized. This includes the right to free expression of opinion and suggestions, free services of a
lawyer, the establishment of organizations for the welfare of teachers, and the right not to be obliged to
make contributions other than those determined by the organization itself.

1.This right pertains to the freedom of school personnel to express their opinions and suggestions. They
are allowed to voice their thoughts, ideas, and concerns about various aspects of the educational
institution where they work. This could include their views on educational policies, teaching methods,
administrative decisions, and other relevant topics.

Moreover, they should have effective channels of communication with the appropriate academic and
administrative bodies of the school or institution. This means that there should be clear and open lines
of communication where they can directly convey their opinions and suggestions to the decision-makers
within the organization. This can facilitate a more collaborative and inclusive educational environment
where the views of all members are considered and valued.

2. This right ensures that school personnel, both in public and private institutions, are entitled to free
legal service when they are involved in administrative, civil, or criminal proceedings related to their
professional duties or defending policy. In short, if they face legal issues while performing their job or
defending school policies, they have the right to get legal help without any cost.

3.This right allows school personnel to form, join, and sustain labor organizations or professional groups
of their preference. These organizations serve to advocate for their well-being and protect their
interests within the educational setting.

4.This right ensures that school personnel are not compelled to make contributions to any group or
organization against their will, except for those mandated by the organizations they voluntarily choose
to be part of. In essence, they have the freedom to decide whether or not to contribute to any group,
except for the ones they willingly join.

Section 11

Section 11 of Republic Act 232 emphasizes the special rights and privileges of teachers or academic
staff.

1. The right not to be obliged to accept tasks that are not related to their duty, unless there is a
substitute for it and according to the law.

2. Right to intellectual property based on laws.

 3. Teachers are considered to be people of authority when they teach, and they should receive proper
respect and protection.

4. Teachers will be given the opportunity to choose different career paths, such as school management,
teaching, or others, for their development.

SECTION 16

In section 16 of Republic Act 232, the obligations of teachers are explained, including fulfilling the
school duty, being responsible for reaching the goal of education, submitting regular reports on the
performance of students, maintaining professionalism, preventing student grades from being reduced
for unrelated work, and participating as a change agent in the school and community.

1.This means that teachers are expected to fulfill their duties in alignment with the beliefs, aims, and
objectives of the school. They should carry out their responsibilities in a manner that reflects and
supports the educational philosophy, goals, and mission of the institution.

2.This requirement entails that teachers are responsible for achieving specific learning objectives
effectively and efficiently in line with national development objectives, considering the resources
available to the school. They are held accountable for ensuring that students meet the designated
learning goals while working towards broader national development aims.

3. Teachers must provide consistent reports on each student's performance to both the student and
their parents or guardians. These reports should include specific recommendations for improvement.

4. Teachers are accountable for continuously developing and advancing their professional skills. They are
expected to uphold professionalism in their conduct at all times.

5. Teachers should avoid reducing students' academic ratings for non-academic behaviors that do not
reflect poor scholarship.

6. Teachers are encouraged to actively engage in promoting positive social, economic, moral,
intellectual, cultural, and political changes within their school and community, aligning with national
policies.

C. Republic Act 7836

Under Republic Act 7836, teachers were trained in other professions after the establishment of the
National Board for Teachers in 1976. It also included the regulation of the Licensure Examination for
Teachers (LET) for all levels of education, its purpose to strengthen the quality of teachers and promote
professionalism in the field of teaching.

1. *Article I*: Shows the basic purpose and meaning of the terms in the law.

2. *Article II*: Discusses the composition and duties of the board for professional teachers.

3. *Article III*: Contains policies and procedures on the examination and registration of teachers.
a. Scope of Examination: Defines the content and areas covered in the examination for aspiring
teachers.

b. Qualification Requirement of Applications: Specifies the qualifications and criteria applicants need to
meet to apply for teaching positions.

c. Report of the result of the examinations: Details the process of communicating examination results to
individuals who took the exam.

d. Issuance of certificate of registration and professional licenses: Explains the process of granting official
certification and licenses to successful exam takers.

e. Oath before practice: Involves taking a pledge before starting teaching, demonstrating commitment
to professional standards.

f. Periodic merit examination of teachers: Regular assessments to evaluate teachers' performance and
competence.

g. Failure to pass the merit examination: Consequences or actions if a teacher does not pass the periodic
assessment.

h. Incentives for passing the LET: Rewards or benefits for teachers who pass the Licensure Examination
for Teachers.

i. Integration of the teaching profession: Unifying different aspects of teaching to enhance its
effectiveness.

j. Revocation of the Certificate of Registration, Suspension from the Practice of the Teaching Profession,
and Cancellation of Temporary or Special Permit: Procedures for revoking, suspending, or canceling
teaching permits under specific circumstances.

k. Registration procedures: Steps and requirements for teachers to register and obtain certification and
licenses.

In summary, this law aims to maintain the professionalism and quality of teachers in the country.

D.Republic At 9293

Under Republic Act 9293, the law recognizes the important role of teachers in the development of the
country. It emphasizes the responsibility of teachers in shaping citizens with good educational skills.
The purpose of this law is to strengthen and improve the quality of education throughout the country
through the professionalization of teaching practice.

Section 15, (e) (3) of republic act no. 7836

In section 15, (e) (3) of Republic Act No. 7836, clarifies the necessary qualifications of applicants for the
teacher examination, where they are required to graduate with a Bachelor's degree in the field of
education or in Arts and Sciences with at least 18 units in professional education for teachers in
secondary school

1. Preschool Teachers: Required to have a bachelor's degree in Early Childhood Education (BECED) or its
equivalent.

2. Elementary Teachers: Need a bachelor's degree in Elementary Education (BSEED) or its equivalent.

3. Secondary Teachers: Must have a bachelor's degree in Education or its equivalent with a major and
minor, or a bachelor's degree in arts and sciences with at least eighteen (18) units in professional
education.

4. Vocational and Technical Teachers: Required to hold a bachelor's degree in the field of specialization
or its equivalent, with at least eighteen (18) units in professional education.

SEC. 2. Section 26 of the same act is hereby-

In section 2, section 26 of the same act was amended to explain that a person may not practice teaching
as a professional preschool, elementary, or secondary teacher without being registered as a professional
teacher and holding an adequate license. The license can be obtained by qualified applicants by having
a certificate of qualification as a teacher from the Civil Service Commission and the Department of
Education, Culture and Sports, or as a registered professional teacher with the National Board for
Teachers under the Department of Education, Culture and Sports (DECS) based on Presidential Decree
No. 1006 in the Board for Professional Teachers' regulations before the law's effect. Permits valid for
three and five years are allowed to expire, and permits valid for three years can only be renewed
without being able to extend for another two years.

(a) Certificate of Eligibility: Individuals holding a teaching eligibility certificate from the Civil Service
Commission and the Department of Education, Culture, and Sports.

(b) Registered Professional Teacher: Individuals registered as professional teachers with the National
Board for Teachers under the Department of Education, Culture, and Sports (DECS) accordance with
Presidential Decree No. 1006.

Professional teachers who have not practiced for five years are required to complete twelve education
courses, which include pedagogy and content courses from a list approved by the Board and the
Department of Education. If these teachers fail the licensure examination, they can work as para-
teachers with a two-year special permit. Para-teachers are assigned to areas facing shortages or where
teachers are absent, as determined by the Department of Education and the ARMM education
department. Additionally, special permits may be granted to internationally recognized experts in the
field of education.
SECTION 3. 31 OF THE SAME ACT IS HEREBY AMMENDED TO READ AS FOLLOW

In section 31.This provision states that special permits issued to para-teachers by the Board for
Professional Teachers before the implementation of this Act, with validity periods of three (3) and five
(5) years, will be allowed to expire based on the granted duration. Only special permits valid for three
(3) years may be renewed once for an additional non-extendible period of two (2) years.

In section 4, references to Department of Education terminology have been changed to match the
agency's current name and structure.

E Republic act 10533

Through Republic Act 10533 or the "Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013," the government aims to
increase the number of teachers, especially in Grades 11 and 12, by hiring professionals from various
fields .

1. Graduates with specialized courses in science, mathematics, statistics, engineering, and music can
apply for the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) to teach in elementary and secondary schools.
Qualified applicants must pass the LET within five years and be willing to teach part-time.

2. Graduates of technical-vocational courses can teach specialized subjects in secondary schools, as long
as they have TESDA certification and undergo in-service training DepEd's answer.

3. Teachers in Higher Education Institutions (HEls) can teach general education or specialized subject in
secondary school, as long as they have a relevant Bachelor's degree and have served as full-time faculty.

4. DepEd and private educational institutions may hire those practitioner with specialized skills to teach
in secondary, as long as they teach part-time, and DepEd will set the qualification criteria.

F.Republic act 4670

Republic Act 4670, also known as "The Magna Carta for Public School Teachers," is a law that aims to
protect the rights and welfare of public school teachers in the Philippines. Former President Ferdinand
E. Marcos signed it to protect teachers and strengthen their professionalism. Through this law,
provisions are implemented that aim to preserve the dignity of teachers, strengthen their benefits and
rights, and ensure their proper treatment within the education system. The purpose of this law is to
ensure that there is adequate support and respect.

(TO PROMOTE AND IMPROVE)

This statement underscores the need to enhance the social and economic standing of public school
teachers, improve their living and working conditions, and offer better career prospects to attract and
retain qualified individuals in the teaching profession. Recognizing that educational progress hinges on
the qualifications and skills of teachers, the aim is to make teaching an appealing career choice
comparable to other fields. Education is seen as a crucial factor in the nation's economic development,
representing a vital and productive investment for national growth.

SPECIAL PROVISIONS IN THIS ACT INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING

1.In section 5, teachers appointed temporarily due to lack of civil service eligibility are permitted to be
granted permanent positions after ten years of continuous, effective, and faithful service.

2. In section 6, the transfer of a teacher to another school is permitted only with the consent of the
teacher and there is sufficient reason for it. The teacher also has the right to be informed of the reasons
for the transfer and to appeal to the concerned authorities if he does not agree. The transfer must be
approved three months before local or national elections.

3. In section 7, the Secretary of Education is required to create a Code of Professional Conduct for Public
School Teachers within six months from the approval of the law, which must be distributed to teachers.
If this cannot be done due to lack of resources, three copies should be placed in the appropriate office.

4. In section 8, steps are shown to ensure due process in disciplinary actions against teachers, including
proper notification of accusations, preparation of proper defense, and right to appeal to authorities.

5. Section 9 advocates the formation of a committee to investigate administrative cases against

teachers, which includes the Superintendent of Schools, a division supervisor, a representative of the
local or national teachers' organization, and a division supervisor . The committee must submit its
findings and recommendations within thirty days.

6. In section 10, discrimination of any kind in entering and fulfilling professional teaching duties based
solely on professional considerations is prohibited.

7. In section 11, the need of current teachers is recognized and it is stated that they should be given the
opportunity to teach in the same place of work, if this can be done.

8. In section 12, the academic freedom of teachers is protected in the performance of their duties,
especially in teaching and teaching methods.

9. In section 13, limited teaching time is set aside for teachers to pay attention to the preparation and
correction of their work. But if more than six hours are required, they may be asked to work an extra
eight hours, with additional payment for teachers who perform tasks outside of their classroom duties.
Education authorities need to ensure that teachers are compensated for these extras, despite existing
laws.
10 in section 14, This provision states that teachers and school officials engaged in extracurricular
activities beyond their regular classroom duties will receive an additional 25% of their regular pay after
six hours of classroom teaching. If their work extends beyond eight hours, they will still receive a 25%
increase in pay. It is mandated that education authorities guarantee that teachers are compensated for
these extra duties, even if it goes beyond what existing laws require.

Sections 15 through 19 spell out the criteria for teachers' wages and allowances, as well as fringe
benefits such as COLA and Special Hardship Allowances.

In section 22, free health insurance is promised for teachers to protect them against illnesses related to
their work.

The R.A. 4670 also offers benefits such as study leave for graduate studies, indefinite leave for
treatment of serious illness, and an increase in retirement pay based on age and service requirements.

(As professional teacher )

A. Teachers have the freedom to form or join organizations without being subjected to conditions that
restrict their membership.

B. Public school teachers are protected from discrimination based on their organization membership,
ensuring they cannot be dismissed or prejudiced for participating in organizational activities.

C. Teachers cannot be hindered from fulfilling their duties within an organization or penalized for actions
taken in their organizational role.

G. The code of professional teacher---

The Board of Professional Teachers in the Philippines promulgated the Code of Ethics for Professional
Teachers in 1997, implementing the provisions of the Philippine Teachers

Professionalization Act of 1994. The purpose of the code is to ensure the dedication and
professionalism of teachers in their profession. It contains rules and regulations that teachers must
follow in their work and dealings with their students, fellow teachers, and the community. Through this
code, teachers are expected to demonstrate high morals, integrity, and respect in their role as
educators.

Continuing professional development programs for teachers.

 The Continuing Professional Development (CPD) program provides teachers with a systematic and
objective way to improve their professional practice throughout their career. This equips them with the
necessary knowledge and skills to face the challenges of the modern classroom, allowing them to
maintain their professional excellence in the field of education. Through the CPD program, it is hoped
that teachers will continue to expand their knowledge and skills, resulting in better teaching and service
to their students.

Code of ethics professional teacher

This preamble emphasizes that teachers are licensed professionals expected to uphold dignity,
reputation, moral values, and technical competence in their profession. They are required to strictly
follow and embody a set of ethical principles, standards, and values in their practice as educators.

Article 1 scope and limitations

Section 1:

The Philippine Constitution mandates that educational institutions must provide quality education through
competent teachers. This Code applies to all teachers in schools across the Philippines to ensure the
fulfillment of this constitutional provision.

Section 2:

This Code applies to all public and private school teachers at various levels, including preschool, primary,
elementary, and secondary levels. It also includes industrial arts and vocational teachers, supervisors, and
those in administrative roles within the education sector.

Article 11 THE TEACHER AND THE STATE

Section 1:

Teachers play a vital role in shaping future citizens by preserving cultural heritage, promoting national
morality, instilling pride, and fostering love for the country. They are responsible for cultivating loyalty to
the constitution, authorities, and state laws.

Section 2:

Every teacher and school official must actively support and implement the state's declared policies and
must take an oath to uphold these policies.

Section 3:

Teachers are required to be physically, mentally, and morally fit, prioritizing the well-being of the State,
the Filipino people, and themselves.

Section 4:
Teachers are expected to demonstrate complete commitment and dedication to their duties, ensuring they
fulfill their responsibilities with utmost devotion.

Section 5:

Teachers are prohibited from promoting political, religious, or partisan interests and from soliciting or
accepting money or valuable items for such purposes.

Section 6:

Every teacher must vote and exercise all other constitutional rights and responsibilities.

Section 7:

Teachers are not allowed to use their position, authority, or influence to compel others to adopt a specific
political stance.

Section 8:

Teachers have academic freedom to express their research findings, but if the results conflict with state
policies, they must report them to authorities for appropriate action.

Article 111 the teachers and community

Section 1:

Teachers are facilitators of learning and youth development, responsible for creating an environment
conducive to learning and growth.

Section 2:

Teachers are expected to provide leadership and actively engage in community initiatives for moral, social,
educational, economic, and civic improvement.

Section 3:

Teachers should conduct themselves with honor and dignity, refraining from activities like gambling,
smoking, drunkenness, and other vices, including illicit relationships, to earn reasonable social recognition.

Section 4:
Teachers are encouraged to integrate with the community, understand local customs and traditions, and
maintain a respectful attitude towards the community without disparaging its practices.

Section 5:

Teachers are responsible for keeping the community informed about the school's activities, achievements,
needs, and challenges.

Section 6:

Teachers are regarded as intellectual leaders in the community, particularly in the barangay, and should
willingly provide leadership, offer counseling services when necessary, and actively engage in community
welfare matters.

Section 7:

Teachers are expected to maintain positive and respectful relationships with other professionals,
government officials, and the community, both on a personal and official level.

Section 8:

While teachers have the freedom to attend church and engage in worship practices, they should not use
their position or influence to convert or persuade others to adopt a particular religious belief.

Article 1V a teacher and profession

Section 1:

Teachers are tasked with ensuring that teaching is regarded as the noblest profession and should
demonstrate genuine enthusiasm and pride in teaching as a noble calling.

Section 2:

Teachers are expected to maintain the highest standards of quality education, prepare diligently for their
teaching careers, and strive to excel at all times in the practice of their profession.

Section 3:
Teachers are required to participate in the Professional Regulation Commission's Continuing Professional
Education (CPE) program to enhance efficiency, professional prestige, and competence, ensuring national
and international competitiveness.

Section 4:

Teachers may seek support from the school if authorized but should refrain from making improper
misrepresentations through personal advertisements or other questionable means.

Section 5:

Teachers should utilize the teaching profession as a dignified means of earning a decent living.

ARTICLE V: THE TEACHER AND THE PROFESSION

Section 1:

Teachers are expected to uphold professional loyalty, mutual trust, faith in colleagues, self-sacrifice for the
common good, and full cooperation with each other. In any controversy where the best interests of
learners, the school, or the profession are at stake, teachers should support one another.

Section 2:

Teachers should not take credit for work that is not their own and must give proper credit to others for
their work that they may use.

Section 3:

Before leaving their position, teachers must organize necessary records and data for their successor to
continue the work effectively.

Section 4:

Teachers are required to maintain the confidentiality of information about colleagues and the school. They
should not disclose confidential documents to unauthorized individuals or remove records from files
without permission.

Section 5:
Teachers have a responsibility to address unprofessional and unethical conduct by colleagues, but this
should only be done with clear and undeniable evidence of such behavior.

Section 6:

Teachers can report valid criticisms against a colleague to the appropriate authorities, preferably in
writing, without infringing on the rights of the individual involved.

Section 7:

Teachers may apply for vacant positions they are qualified for, respecting the selection process based on
merit and competence. All qualified candidates should be given an equal opportunity to compete for the
position.

Article VI: THE TEACHER AND higher authorities in the profession

Section 1:

Teachers are obligated to sincerely try to understand and support the legitimate policies of the school and
administration, regardless of personal feelings or opinions. They should faithfully implement these policies.

Section 2:

Teachers should refrain from making false accusations or charges against superiors, especially
anonymously. If there are valid charges, they should present them under oath to the competent authority.

Section 3:

Teachers are required to conduct official business through proper channels unless special circumstances
necessitate a different approach. If special conditions are advocated but opposed by immediate superiors,
the teacher should appeal directly to the appropriate higher authority

Section 4:

Teachers have the right to seek redress against injustices within the administration and should address
grievances through acceptable democratic processes, ensuring the welfare and interests of learners are not
compromised.

Section 5:

Teachers have the right to advocate for appointments, promotions, and transfers based on merit and the
needs of the service, emphasizing fairness and professionalism in such decisions.

Section 6:
When a teacher accepts a position, they commit to fulfilling their contractual obligations, understanding
and adhering to the terms and conditions of their employment.

Article VII THE SCHOOL TEACHER AND OTHER PERSONAL

Section 1:

All school officials should display professional courtesy, helpfulness, and empathy towards teachers and
other staff as these behaviors are essential for effective school supervision, dignified administration,
responsible leadership, and enlightened guidance.

Section 2:

School officials, teachers, and other personnel share the responsibility of collaboratively formulating
policies and implementing significant changes within the educational system at all levels.

Section 3:

School officials are tasked with supporting and facilitating the professional development of all teachers
under their supervision. This includes recommending them for promotion, acknowledging their meritorious
performance, and enabling their participation in conferences and training programs.

Section 4:

No school official should dismiss or recommend the dismissal of a teacher or subordinate without just
cause.

Section 5:

School authorities must ensure that public school teachers are hired in compliance with relevant civil
service regulations, and private school teachers receive contracts detailing the terms and conditions of
their employment. Qualified teachers should also be granted permanent tenure as per existing laws.

RA 10192 section 4 states that CPD program

One of its goals is to strengthen and develop the skills of professionals through training and learning
aimed at improving their professional practice. In addition, it also aims to ensure the international
compatibility of the skills and qualifications of professionals, as well as recognizing their contribution to
the development of the country. In this way, CPD programs become essential to maintain the
excellence and professionalism of individuals in their fields.

Section 5.

Section 5 of RA 10192 sets forth the various types of activities that may be included in Continuing
Professional Development (CPD) Programs. It aims to expand and improve the knowledge and skills of
professionals in various aspects of their field. CPD can take the form of formal and informal learning, as
well as online learning and professional learning activities. Article III, section 10, sets out the
requirement for CPD as part of the renewal of the license of professionals, such as teachers. This is
implemented to ensure that professionals continue to expand their knowledge and skills in their field,
resulting in professional licenses that are properly renewed.