TEACHER : NARCELY MAE A.
SARABIA LEARNING AREA : Living Things and their Environment
SCHOOL : CNHS GRADE LEVEL : GRADE 8
DATE : APRIL 2022 QUARTER : FOURTH QUARTER
I – LEARNING OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standard The learners demonstrate understanding of how cells divide to
produce new cells.
B. Performance The learners should be able to report on the importance of
Standard variation in plant and animal breeding.
C. Most Essential
Learning Explain the significance of meiosis in maintaining the
Competency chromosome number (S8LT - IVe -17)
(MELC Code)
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
● Describe the role of meiosis in gametogenesis.
● Explain how meiosis maintains chromosome number in
D. Learning Objectives organisms.
● Understand the consequences when something goes
wrong with meiosis
II – LEARNING CONTENT
A. Subject Matter The Significance of Meiosis in Maintaining the Chromosome
Number
III – LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide
K to 12 Curriculum Guide in Science (Teacher ’s Module)
Pages
2. Learner’s Guide
K to 12 Curriculum Guide in Science ( Learner ’s Module)
Pages
3. Textbook Pages Science 8 Learner ’s Module. Campo, Pia C., et al. 2013. Pp. 226- 227.
Internet Sources:
CONCEPT 37.1 Sexual Reproduction Depends on Gamete Formation and
Fertilization
4. Additional Materials
for Learning Portals Replication and Distribution of DNA during Meiosis | Learn Science at Scitable!
Significance of Meiosis
What is meiosis? | Facts | yourgenome.org .
B. Other Learning Laptop, LCD, Powerpoint Presentation, Extension Wire, Digestive System
Resources Illustration, Activity Sheets,Cutout Pictures ,Chalk, Blackboard
IV – LEARNING STRATEGIES
PRELIMINARY ACTIVITIES (10 MINUTES)
The student assigned for that day will lead the prayer.
1. Prayer (Moments of Silence)
2. Checking of
Attendance Roll Call: Students must say “PRESENT” as they are called.
Giving reminders of the House Rules
To make our classroom a healthy and productive environment, let us
keep in mind the classroom reminders and important matters that we
should strictly follow for the whole duration of our class.
3. Reading of 1. Be fully present.
the House 2. Follow the health safety protocols.
Rules ● Wear your facemask at all times.
● Use alcohol before and after an activity or when you are
doing group activities.
● Always maintain at most 1-meter distance with your
seatmates.
3. Have fun and support each other.
The teacher will collect the assignments of the students and then make a review
of the past lesson.
In Module 1, the last meeting, who can tell me what is it all about?
4. Reviewing of
Expected Answer: Comparison between Mitosis and Meiosis
the Past
Lesson ACTIVITY 1: THAT’S US!
Students will be divided into 2 groups and given the names: Mitosis and
Meiosis. When the teacher's description refers to them, the group will say
"that’s us." The description are as follows:
1. It is the process in which a eukaryotic cell separates the
chromosomes in its cell nucleus into two identical sets in two
daughter nuclei. - Mitosis
2. A special type of cell division responsible for the formation of sex
cells or gametes that are responsible for sexual reproduction. -
Meiosis
3. It comes from a Greek word which means “to make smaller” . -
Meiosis
4. It is a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells
containing half the original amount of genetic information. -
Meiosis
5. No crossing over occurs - Mitosis
6. No independent assortment of homologous chromosome - Mitosis
Alright, thank you for participating. Now, for our next lesson, let us know
what is the significance of Meiosis in maintaining the chromosome
number.
ELICIT (5 MINUTES) Access prior knowledge
ANTICIPATION GUIDE
Direction: Accomplish the Anticipation-Reaction Guide (ARG) below. Read the statements
in the table below and encircle the “T” if you agree with the statement or “F” if you
disagree.
BEFORE STATEMENTS AFTER
T F Egg cells are produced in the ovaries of males while the testes T F
produce the sperm cells of female humans and animals.
T F Humans have 46 chromosomes, 23 of which come from the T F
father and 23 from the mother.
T F The sperm cells and the egg cells are reproductive cells of T F
animals different from gametes.
T F Meiosis reduces the chromosome number in half forming T F
gametes in plants and animals in the process called
gametogenesis.
T F From time to time, a piece of chromosome breaks off and gets T F
lost. The effects of this accident vary on the particular genetic
material lost.
T F When the chromosomes in a pair fail to separate from each T F
other during Meiosis I, the resulting gamete obtains both
members of a pair of chromosomes.
ENGAGE (5 MINUTES) Get the students’ minds focused on the topic .
The Teacher will show a family picture and ask a student to share to the class what he/she observed
about it in terms of their physical appearance.
Key Question: Why do you look similar to your parents, but not identical?
First, it is because you have two parents.
Second, it is because of sexual reproduction.
EXPLORE (10 MINUTES)
The teacher will show a video animation about how meiosis affects the chromosome number.
GCSE Biology - Meiosis #70
EXPLAIN (5 MINUTES)
The teacher will strengthen the concepts gained by the stud ents in the activities through lecture
discussion.
The Role of Meiosis in Gametogenesis
Finally, in meiosis, four haploid cells have been created, but the cells are not yet gametes.
The cells need to develop before they become mature gametes efficient for fertilization.
Gametogenesis - the maturing of diploid cells into gametes which varies between males
and females.
a. Spermatogenesis. Sperm is a gamete produced by a male and the matured
sperm undergoes the process called spermatogenesis where the sperm cell
grows a tail and gains the ability to “swim,” .
b. Oogenesis. Egg is a gamete produced by a female and the process that
produces a mature egg is called oogenesis. One egg is produced from the four
haploid cells that outcome from meiosis.
Wh a t happens to the eggs and sperms in fertilization?
Eggs and sperms are gametes that unite during
Wh a t is being formed after the union of the egg and the sperm cells?
It forms a diploid
What is a zygote?
The zygote has one set of chromosomes from both parents, one from male parent and one
from female parent.
❖ In humans, both father and mother give 23 chromosomes each in their gametes.
Hence, zygote has 46 chromosomes and divides many times and produces a new
diploid multicellular organism.
Testes produce the sperm cells of male humans and animals.
Four cells which are produced by meiosis are very small but similar in size and these
cells become spermatozoa (singular form is spermatozoon) or sperms.
A sperm has 3 parts:
1. the head where the nucleus can be found
2. the midpiece of the middle part where the mitochondria can be found
3. the tail which gives the sperm cell movement
Egg cells are produced in the ovaries of female animals.
New cells are produced that differ in size when a cell in the ovary undergoes meiosis.
The size of the cells changes after meiosis.
● The Meiosis II creates one big and one small cell from the first big cell. The small
cell produced from meiosis I might not divide. If it does, it produces two small
cells where the big cell becomes the egg cell; the small cells disintegrate. The
egg cell carries a lot of stored food which is used by the growing embryo at the
start of its development. The tiny sperm cell only contributes its genetic material
found in the head during fertilization. Figure 1 summaries the formation of
gametes.
ELABORATE (15 MINUTES)
Meiosis may not always act normally, sometimes accidents happen. These accidents may
influence the functioning of the spindle fibers or the movement of one or more
chromosomes. Some accidents in humans have been known to cause abnormal
conditions.
● For instance, when the chromosomes in a pair fail to separate from each other during
Meiosis I, the resulting gamete obtains both members of a pair of chromosomes.
Example: If this involves chromosome pair 21, for example, and one of the
gametes holds two copies of the chromosome, then the individual produced
will have 47 chromosomes with three copies of chromosome 21. This condition is
known as Down’s syndrome, it was named after Dr. Langdon Down who first
studied the condition. The extra chromosome 21 will lead to an imbalance of
genetic material in the cell.
➢ A person with this condition suffers from variable degrees of mental
retardation, sterility, and increased risk beyond the age of 40 of
Alzheimer’s disease,which influence the functioning of the brain.
Pregnant women at the age above 35 years old are usually associated
with Down’s syndrome.
From time to time, a piece of chromosome breaks off and gets lost. The effects of this
accident vary on the particular genetic material lost.
● For instance, the condition called Cri du chat syndrome. When a part of chromosome
5 is lost, the trouble individual will have a face that is round, moonlike, cries feebly and
is mentally and physically retarded. Cri -du-chat (cat's cry) syndrome, also known as
5p- (5p minus) syndrome, is a chromosomal condition that results when a piece of
chromosome 5 is missing.
➢ Infants with this condition often have a high-pitched cry that sounds like that of
a cat (Genetics Home Reference, 2020) .
Various drugs may be sources of breaks or other abnormalities in the chromosomes. Few
drugs known as source of breaks in the chromosomes are:
Chlorpromazine (apopular tranquilizer)
Diphenhydramine (an antihistamine)
Lysergic acid diethylamide or LSD (a hallucinogen)
SIGNIFICANCE OF MEIOSIS
1. Meiosis is responsible for the formation of sex cells or gametes that are responsible for
sexual reproduction.
2. It maintains the constant number of chromosomes by halving the same. This is
important because the chromosome number doubles after fertilization.
3. The genetic mutation occurs due to irregularities in cell division by meiosis. The
mutations that are beneficial are carried on by natural selection.
4. Crossing over produces a new combination of traits and variations.
ANTICIPATION GUIDE
BEFORE STATEMENTS AFTER
T F Egg cells are produced in the ovaries of males while the testes T F
produce the sperm cells of female humans and animals.
T F Humans have 46 chromosomes, 23 of which come from the T F
father and 23 from the mother.
T F The sperm cells and the egg cells are reproductive cells of T F
animals different from gametes.
T F Meiosis reduces the chromosome number in half forming T F
gametes in plants and animals in the process called
gametogenesis.
T F From time to time, a piece of chromosome breaks off and gets T F
lost. The effects of this accident vary on the particular genetic
material lost.
T F When the chromosomes in a pair fail to separate from each T F
other during Meiosis I, the resulting gamete obtains both
members of a pair of chromosomes.
EVALUATE (5 MINUTES)
MULTIPLE CHOICE TEST
DIRECTIONS: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers in a ½ crosswise.
1. What type of cells undergo meiosis?
A. body cells
B. reproductive cells
C. nerve cells
D. epidermal cells
2. Humans have 46 chromosomes. The number of chromosomes of a human being is said to
be .
A. haploid
B. diploid
C. tripled
D. quadrupled
3. Meiosis reduces the chromosome number in half forming gametes in plants and animal in
the process called .
A. Photosynthesis
B. Respiration
C. Gametogenesis
D . Fertilization
4. One of the gametes holds two copies of the chromosome, then the individual produced
will have 47 chromosomes with three copies of chromosome 21. This condition is known as
A. Down’s syndrome
B. Cri duchat syndrome
5. Cri-du-chat (cat's cry) syndrome, also known as 5p- (5p minus) syndrome, is a
chromosomal condition that results when a piece of is .
A. chromosome 5; added
B. chromosome 5; missing
C .chr omosome 21; added
D.chromosome 21; missing
EXTEND (3 MINUTES)
ASSIGNMENT:
Surf on the internet to search for other abnormal conditions that occur when something
goes wrong with meiosis. Cite at least three and explain how each of this happens. Follow
the guide questions in the map below.
CLOSURE (2 MINUTES)
