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Class 12 notes CBSE
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
17 views10 pages3.current Electricity
Class 12 notes CBSE
Uploaded by
Anjali SonawaneCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 10
_ —
—VeZR
750, We _neavdR= neal EL
_ ™
TT v= RneAlV\T fez V)
(47m a7
ne Rea). -_
nr A A
So k= M [
ner {
Thur, vesistvity of conductor depends Lyra
py Roe J Since Gae velue OF n cdepends upon
1 phe nature of material, hence the
wesistv/ty of the conduchr lepend's upon the
nature J of mater/al.
«_/ with the /noreave in temp. of meta
TC emdlucter _ F vecreases hence
/n Crea ses.
Soc So thed 26 np then PL |
Sade So thet TET ten $l . so 3h
Tremp + * _ Relation between exif}. velocity and ¢ fy ed current -
sider _a__cona 9 wire of length L A
_—a nel hawing Uniform cross seth area A_in
__tohich cchric Fie/d js presen?-
let there are _n Pree e/ecirons per unit
volume moving with the drift veloc WE
o
Dtal Volume of the Conductor =~Axk
Totel number of free oJectwns = nA&
Totes charge on free electrons = -nALe
So that Curreh?+ ZF=@
=
DMs ~nAte
t
[x_=-neaw] afiwet)
HW @. He ovift velocity of electrons jn a comAuctor
= rs_ 107 %m, yerJa bulb glows instantly hen
— switched on ee a the magnitude
perunlt ect i'cP eld:
¥ | Limitations of ohm's law!
Ol The semiemductor punction diode *s also ased fo
| covers _o/ternating Current ro olvrect Corrent
| and are wed +> Berform, various log 'c fun.
Zz
ot
ia ve
i.
EY 1 Diode VE _charaderi'shes .
The following graph shows the chara cleristics ofa
device known as a thyri'sfor , whith Consist
efhur alternating [dyers of p-type and Nt
Sern sconductors Fundamental breakdown of ohm's lewd oceurs
_tn certain alloys fo, example Gans ae
_fow femperd tine i at 4k)
ZtHs's Observed thot phe” ress once i
ef a eniform voire race of the atoy OF Jer Be
4 15 more than fwice she resistoAce of the
wire of Leng t+ ras can be understood 1h
terms of the wave chara ferof electrons
which Jeads fo
Ppterkerence exfects. “pbs
(noreases ' veg/stance:
Non-l reo
Ire or Siig ce
as 1
Negi
fi i f
ae l
Vv
VariaHon of pesistivily wolth temperatiwre:
pes/stivity EOrvesistance Of the metallic
conciuctor ncréases ith Increase on tem perature
The resistance of a Conductor I's
hAreHy proportional +o the change /r temp £.
inital’ resistance so thot.
Ro-Rix Rp $ Re-Rio Gert)
Ra -Ry ee Rif ta-t) OF RaR/e&RiC tant) |
~ Roe A LIF Kt) [[
oxr)y = _R2-Rk, I
i RiCta-ty) | a ne tempervoture Coet£y'c’'en? OP res}:
| ps defined as the Increase /n_ resistance ee
perun/? orsgineal resistance per degree
cotciur_or kelvin wi'se of fem,
we know thot R23
aA
v) 8.23) [ite (t.-t)7/
Note?
) For metals o 1's positive, ~. resistence of
a Metal foncreases with _xi'se }n temp.
ii) for snsuflator ¢ semiconductor of 1s negatly
‘90 the resistance derreases with ris&in
temperatwre+
effect of temp en Res/stonce £ Resistivity.
oT 7 ali
Seek
> m5
ale aT ae
}) For meals 3) For nithyome. lil) Fox Sermiconded
Electrical Power! -
The wode at Whith elect ic Wor K's
clone by the source of emf in maintathin
the Current in electric civwit is cored
electrical power of the Ciweuit-
lectrical power = 4U — Vx Ot
‘ at Be
PeVr =7’R= Vv
z _ Electrical enerqy ¢-
z|Lee . Thes tol worl dene in , mainpas
the Current jn electric clrcuit by the Said.
of emf 1s catled electrical shengy given to He
clreult« oo
= Electrical Shergy. £ Elechriical Power x Hme-
- : : WA SCY ery) x th _
— ov We t*et =v.
R
Zf thi's work done wopeers as heot then
omeunt of heat produced CH) is given by -
He We Poet = We oe
R
-above eg” fs known as joules law of headty
Note —
| killowolt+-howr or One unit js the
electrical energy Which is Usedina clrarit
of power lk for one hour.
| KWal = J000 Wott X%e00 sec:
| ) KWolt= 3-6 x08 Foule-
| y 1 Horse POWeT CHR) = F46 Watt:
Q.) wichrome and copper wires of seme Teng th $
ety same racking: are connected tn series, eumment
ris passecl Hrrocegh Hhem., Which wire gets
heated uo more ot a : >
aos ei
4Aweeceh 700 electrode,
ees erent 18 sherason fe
the cell.
Terminal Potential pifferen ve !-- it 1s defined
as the polentlal bfference between pre =
electrodes of 2 CEM /h a Closed ef reu/t
_ when cuorven?/ 15 drawn Prom sre cel.
! xr s's Slenoted hy Vu
JN = e-27/
epee a olih
F oe =f uty fee
ae ae i it at wr =a
Fes | ee op
. Be - R
Oper chreuif (Emp i's measured) Closed crrauit (Pd I's
Meas Ure
Cea gs In series Comb/nation !- '
yoo
sep eee heir
vy AE
Total emt of the Beier
