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Data Transmission Network

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22 views10 pages

Data Transmission Network

Uploaded by

Devon perera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DATA TRANSMISSION NETWORK

CAN BUS NETWORK

RAVEEN FERNANDO
S30725 GD4
Content
Introduction
CAN bus network
Advantages of a CAN network
Types of CAN Bus
CAN gateway
Diagnosis
What could go wrong

1
Introduction to Data Transmission Network
Modern vehicles are essentially complex networks of electronic control units (ECUs) that
communicate with each other to control various functions.
These ECUs exchange data through a variety of communication networks, each tailored to
specific needs.
Different communication networks are found in a vehicle and each of them transmits a
specific type of data to ECUs

• Controller Area Network (CAN)


• Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST)
• Local Interconnect Network (LIN)
• Flex ray Automotive Communication Bus
• Automotive Ethernet
• Onboard Automotive LTE, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth connected devices

CAN
Controller Area Network (CAN) bus is a robust
serial communication protocol designed for real-
time control applications. It's widely used in
automotive, industrial automation, and other
embedded systems.

2
How Does CAN Bus Work?
CAN bus operates on a two-wire differential system, making it resistant to noise. Nodes
(electronic control units or ECUs) are connected to this bus.
When a node wants to send a message, it starts transmitting. All other nodes listen. If
multiple nodes try to transmit simultaneously, a bit-wise arbitration process determines
which message has the highest priority. The node with the highest priority message
continues transmitting, while others wait.

SUMMARY
• Twisted two-wire line
• Voltage not defined
• Few meters of maximum line length
• 100+ users are possible
• High level of transmission reliability
• Low cost, also used as diagnostic bus

Advantages of CAN Bus


• High reliability: Designed for harsh environments.
• Efficient wiring: Reduces the amount of wiring compared to point-to-
point connections.
• Real-time communication: Ensures timely data exchange.
• Scalability: Can accommodate a large number of nodes.
• Error detection and correction: Maintains data integrity.

Without CAN With CAN

Sensor Control Module


1
Sensor Sensor Sensor
1 2 3

Control Module Control Module Control Module Control Module Control Module Control Module
1 2 3 2 3 4

3
Types of CAN Bus
Diagnostic CAN
• Slow transfer rate
CAN A
• Faster than Diagnostic CAN
• Comfort and convenience
electronics (Ex Window Switches)
CAN B
• Faster than CAN A
• Comfort and Convenience
electronics
CAN C
• Faster than CAN B
• Powertrain, chassis
CAN C+
• Faster than CAN C and the most
reliable
• Steer and brake by-wire
Multimedia CAN
• Faster than CAN C+, But not reliable
• Audio, Video, Multimedia

4
What is a CAN gateway?
A CAN gateway is a network device used to connect two or more CAN bus systems, or to
connect the CAN bus to other types of networks

• Several Bus systems in one vehicle


• Data transmission between the buses is required
• Gateway enables different buses communicate with each other
• Gateway is often the Master

CAN Bus Network Diagnosis


Resistance measure
Voltage measure
Check Oscilloscope wave pattern

5
Resistance Readings
1. Ignition OFF
2. CAN HIGH to LOW resistance – Around 55-65 ohms
• If the value is 120ohms it indicates BUS line is open
• If the value is very low it indicates CAN H- CAN L is shorted
3. CAN H/CAN L – chassis & Positive – OL or Higher resistance value
• if the measurement value is very low (Ex 2.7ohms) it indicates CAN network
shorted to ground or positive

Voltage measurement
1. Identify CAN Bus Wires: Use a wiring diagram to locate the CAN-H and CAN-L wires in
your vehicle.
2. Set multimeter to DC voltage with an appropriate range (e.g., 10V).
3. Connect the red probe to CAN-H and the black probe to ground.
4. Should get a voltage reading between 2.4V and 2.6V (approximately).
5. Repeat for CAN-L: Repeat the process for the CAN-L wire. You should get a voltage
reading between 2.4V and 2.6V, but it will likely be slightly lower than the CAN-H
reading.

6
Wave form analysis
1. Locate the specified connecter socket
2. Connect the picoscope channel A to the specified terminal and chassis ground
3. Connect picoscope channel B to other specified terminal and chassis ground
4. Start the scope and see live data

7
Correct Waveform of CAN HIGH and LOW

CAN HIGH short circuit to chassis ground

8
CAN bus shorted to positive

What Could go wrong

Source: Mercedes Benz XENTRY Diagnosis

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