ATOMIC STRUCTURE

STRAIGHT OBJECTIVE TYPE

10.1 The wave motion of electron in a Bohr's orbit of hydrogen is as shown in diagram. The potential energy of
electron in the given orbit of hydrogen atom is :

(A) –3.4 eV (B) + 3.4 eV (C) –3.02 eV (D) –1.51 eV

10.2 For a hypothetical H like atom which follows Bohr’s model, some spectral
lines were observed as shown. If it is known that line ‘E’ belongs to the
visible region, then the lines possibly belonging to ultra violet region
will be (n1 is not necessarily ground state). [Assume for this atom, no
spectral series shows overlap with other series in the emmission
spectrum]

(A) B and D (B) D only (C) C only (D) A only

10.3 The number of photons emitted in 10 hours by a 60 W sodium lamp (l of photon = 6000 Å)
(A) 6.50 × 1024 (B) 6.40 × 1023 (C) 8.40 × 1023 (D) 3.40 × 1023
[Take hc = 12400 eVÅ, h = Planck’s constant, c = speed of light]

10.4 Radius of 3rd orbit of Li2+ ion is 'x' cm then de-broglie wavelength of electrons in the 1st orbit is

2p x 2p x
(A) cm (B) 6p x cm (C) 3p x cm (D) cm
3 6

10.5 Ratio of frequency of revolution of electron in the 2nd excited state of He+ and 2nd state of hydrogen is:

32 27
(A) (B) (C) 1/54 (D) 27/2
27 32

10.6 The photon emitted due to electronic transition from 5th excited state to 2nd excited state in Li2+, is used to
excite He+ already in first excited state. He+ ion after absorbing the photon reaches in an orbit having total
energy equal to :
(A) –3.4eV. (B) –13.6eV. (C) –6.8eV. (D) –27.2eV.

10.7 A proton accelerated from rest through a potential difference of ‘V’ volts has a wavelength l associated with
it. An alpha particle in order to have the same wavelength must be accelerated from rest through a potential
difference of
V
(A) V volt (B) 4V volt (C) 2V volt (D) volt
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10.8 The ionization energy of hydrogen atom in terms of Rydberg constant (RH) is given by the expression
(A) RH hc (B) RH c (C) 2RH hc (D) RH NA hc

10.9 Number of electrons having l + m value equal to zero in 26Fe may be

(A) 13 (B) 14 (C) 7 (D) 12

10.10 4000 Å photon is used to break the iodine molecule, then the % of energy converted to the K.E. of iodine
atoms if bond dissociation energy of I2 molecule is 246.5 kJ/mol
(A) 8% (B) 12% (C) 17% (D) 25%

MULTIPLE CORRECT ANSWER TYPE

10.11 If the wave number of 1st line of Balmer series of H-atom is ‘x’ then :
108 x
(A) wave number of 1st line of lyman series of the He+ ion will be
5
36 x
(B) wave number of 1st line of lyman series of the He+ ion will be
5
5
(C) the wave length of 2nd line of lyman series of H-atom is
32x
32x
(D) the wave length of 2nd line of lyman series of H-atom is
5

10.12 Electrons are revolving around the nucleus in n1th orbit of an atom, have atomic number Z 1, and in the n2th
orbit of other atom, have atomic number Z2, then : [Where P = Linear momentum, L = Angular momentum,
f = frequency of revolution and K.E. = kinetic energy]
L1 n1 P1 Z1n2
(A) L = n (B) P = Z n
2 2 2 2 1

2 3 2
f1 æ Z2 ö æ n1 ö (K.E.)1 æ Z1 n2 ö
(C) f = çç ÷÷ ç
çn ÷
÷ (D) (K.E.) = çç . ÷÷
2 è Z1 ø è 2ø 2 è Z2 n1 ø

10.13 Which of the following statements is/are INCORRECT :

(A) All spectral lines belonging to Balmer series in hydrogen spectrum lie in visible region.
(B) If a light of frequency n falls on a metal surface having work function hn , photoelectric effect will take
place only if n < n0.
(C) The number of photoelectrons ejected from a metal surface in photoelectric effect depends upon the
intensity of incident radiations.

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(D) The series limit wavelength of Balmer series for H-atom is , where R is Rydberg's constant.
R

10.14 1st excitation potential for the H-like (hypothetical) sample is 24 V. Then :
(A) Ionisation energy of the sample is 36 eV (B) Ionisation energy of the sample is 32 eV

32 x 8
(C) Binding energy of 3rd excited state is 2 eV (D) 2nd excitation potential of the sample is V
9
10.15 A hydrogen like atom in ground state absorbs ‘n’ photons having the same energy and it emits exactly ‘n’
photons when electronic transition takes place. Then the energy of the absorbed photon may be
(A) 91.8 eV (B) 40.8 eV (C) 48.4 eV (D) 54.4 eV

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10.16 In a hydrogen like sample two different types of photons A and B are produced by electronic transition.
Photon B has it’s wavelength in infrared region if photon A has more energy than B, then the photon A may
belong to the region.
(A) ultraviolet (B) visible (C) infrared (D) None

10.17 Hydrogen atoms in a particular excited state 'n', when all returned to ground state, 6 different photons are
emitted. Which of the following is/are incorrect.
(A) out of 6 different photons only 2 photons have speed equal to that of visible light.
(B) If highest energy photon emitted from the above sample is incident on the metal plate having work
function 8 eV, KE of liberated photo-electron may be equal to or less than 4.75 eV.
(C) Total number of radial nodes in all the orbitals of nth shell is 14.
(D) Total number of angular nodes in all the orbitals in (n–1)th shell is 13.

10.18 In a H-like sample electrons make transition from 4th excited state to 2nd state then
(A) 10 different spectral lines are observed
(B) 6 different spectral lines are observed
(C) number of lines belonging to the balmer series is 3
(D) Number of lines belonging to paschen series is 2.
Answer Q.19, Q.20 by appropriately matching the information given in the three columns of the
following table.

10.19 For the given oribtal in Coumn 1, the only CORRECT combination for any hydrogen-like species is
(A) (IV) (iv) (R) (B) (II) (ii) (P) (C) (III) (iii) (P) (D) (I) (ii) (S)
10.20 For He+ ion, the only INCORRECT combination is
(A) (II) (ii) (Q) (B) (I) (i) (S) (C) (I) (i) (R) (D) (I) (iii) (R)

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COMPREHENSION TYPE

Comprehension # 1
If hydrogen atoms (in the ground state) are passed through an homogeneous magnetic field, the beam
is split into two parts. This interaction with the magnetic field shows that the atoms must have magnetic
moment. However, the moment cannot be due to the orbital angular momentum since l = 0. Hence one
must assume existence of intrinsic angular momentum, which as the experiment shows, has only two
permitted orientations.
h 1
Spin of the electron produces angular momentum equal to s = s(s + 1) where s = + .
2p 2
n n
Total spin of an atom = + or -
2 2
where n is the number of unpaired electron.
The substance which contains species with unpaired electrons in their orbitals behave as paramagnetic
substances. The paramagnetism is expressed in terms of magnetic moment.
The magnetic moment of an atom

eh n æ n ö eh n
ms = s(s + 1) = ç + 1÷ s=
2pmc 2 è 2 ø 2pmc 2

Þ ms = n (n + 2) B.M.
n – number of unpaired electrons
eh
1. B.M. (Bohr magneton) =
4pmc
If magnetic moment is zero the substance is di-magnetic.

10.21 Which of the following ion has highest magnetic moment ?

(A) Fe2+ (B) Mn2+ (C) Cr3+ (D) V3+

10.22 If an ion of 25 Mn has a magnetic moment of 3.873 B.M. Then Mn is in which state.
(A) + 2 (B) + 3 (C) + 4 (D) + 5

10.23 Which of the following is a paramagnetic substance.

(A) Mg2+ (B) Cu+ (C) Mn+7 (D) Ti+2

10.24 The number of unpaired electrons in Mn4+ (Z = 25) is -

(A) Four (B) Two (C) Five (D) Three

Comprehension # 2
The French physicist Louis de Broglie in 1924 postulated that matter, like radiation, should exhibit a dual
behaviour. He proposed the following relationship between the wavelength l of a material particle, its linear
momentum p and planck constant h.
h h
l= =
p mn
The de Broglie relation implies that the wavelength of a particle should decrease as its velocity increases. It
also implies that for a given velocity heavier particles should have shorter wavelength than lighter particles.
The waves associated with particles in motion are called matter waves or de Broglie waves. These waves
differ from the electromagnetic waves as they

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 (i) have lower velocities
(ii) have no electrical and magnetic fields and
(iii) are not emitted by the particle under consideration.
The experimental confirmation of the de Broglies relation was obtained when Davisson and Germer, in 1927,
observed that a beam of electrons is diffracted by a nickel crystal. As diffraction is a characteristic property
of waves, hence the beam of electron behaves as a wave, as proposed by de broglie.

10.25 If proton, electron and a-particle are moving with same kinetic energy then the order of their de-Broglie’s
wavelength.
(A) lP > le > la (B) la > lP > le (C) la < lP < le (D) le = lP < la

10.26 Using Bohr’s theory, the transition, so that the electrons de-Broglie wavelength becomes 3 times of its
original value in He+ ion will be
(A) 2 ¾¾® 6 (B) 2 ¾¾® 4 (C) 1 ¾¾® 4 (D) 1 ¾¾® 6

10.27 De-Broglie wavelength of an electron travelling with speed equal to 1% of the speed of light
(A) 400 pm (B) 120 pm (C) 242 pm (D) 375 pm

Comprehension # 3

DEFINITION VALID FOR SINGLE ELECTRON SYSTEM :

Ground state : Lowest energy state of any atom or ion is called ground state of the atom. It is n = 1.
Excited State : States of atom other than the ground state are called excited states.
Ionisation energy (IE) : Minimum energy required to move an electron from ground state to n = ¥ is called
ionisation energy of the atom or ion.
Ionisation Potential (I.P.) : Potential difference through which a free electron must be accelerated from
rest, such that its kinetic energy becomes equal to ionisation energy of the atom is called ionisation potential
of the atom.
Excitation Energy : Energy required to move an electron from ground state of the atom to any other state of
the atom is called excitation energy of that state.
Excitation Potential : Potential difference through which an electron must be accelerated from rest to so
that its kinetic energy become equal to excitation energy of any state is called excitation potential of that
state.
Binding Energy ‘or’ Seperation Energy : Energy required to move an electron from any state to n = ¥ is
called binding energy of that state.
The wavelength of the photon emitted upon an electronic transition from n2 to n1 orbit in a H-like species is
given by the formula :

1 æ 1 1 ö
= RZ 2 ç 2 - 2 ÷
l ç ÷
è n1 n2 ø
Now answer the following questions :

10.28. If the binding energy of II excited state of a H-like species is 13.6 eV, then :
(A) The atomic number Z of given H-like species is 2.
(B) A photon of energy 30 eV can ionise an electron from I excited state of given H-like species.
(C) Upon de-excitation from n = 4 to n = 2 in given H-like species, the emitted photon has wavenumber
3R
n= (R = Rydberg's constant)
16
(D) Ionisation potential of given H-like species is 122.4 V.

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10.29. If the wavelength of photon emitted from an electron jump n = 4 to n = 2 in a H-like species is 1216 Å,
then the species is :
(A) H-atom (B) He+ ion (C) Li 2+ ion (D) Be3+ ion

10.30 If the I excitation potential of a hypothetical H-like atom is 162 V, then the value of II excitation energy
is about :
(A) 192 eV (B) 30 eV (C) 216 eV (D) 40.5 eV

MATRIX - MATCH TYPE

10.31 Column-I Column-II
Species Characteristics
(A) Co3+ (Z = 27) (p) Total number of fully filled orbitals is nine.
(B) Sc3+ (Z = 21) (q) The value of magnetic moment (spin only) is greater than or equal to 3.87BM.
(C) Cr3+ (Z = 24) (r) Number of electrons with (n + l = 3) is eight.
(D) Ni2+ (Z = 28) (s) Number of electrons with (m = 0) may be either 11 or 12.
(t) No unpaired electron.

10.32 Match the following :

B.E. – Binding energy
I.E. – Ionization energy :
Column I Column II
(A) B.E. of He+ atom in an excited state (p) Infrared region
(B) 7 ® 3 transition in H-atom (q) 3.4 ev
(C) 5 ® 1 transition in H-atom (r) 13.6 ev
(D) series limit of Balmer series in H-atom (s) 10 Spectral lines observed
(t) Ultra violet region
10.33 Match the following :
Column I Column II
(A) n = 6 ® n = 3 (In H-atom) (p) 10 lines in the spectrum
(B) n = 7 ® n = 3 (In H-atom) (q) Spectral lines in visible region
(C) n = 5 ® n = 2 (In H-atom) (r) 6 lines in the spectrum
(D) n = 5 ® n = 1 (In H-atom) (s) Spectral lines in infrared region
(t) Spectral lines in U.V. region

INTEGER TYPE
10.34 If n1 and n2 are the boundary value principal quantum numbers of a portion of spectrum of emission spectrum
of H atom, determine the wavelength (in metre) corresponding to last line (longest l). Given : n1 + n2 = 7,
n2 – n1 = 3 , and RH = 1.097 × 107 m–1. (Give your answer in multiple of 10-6 )

10.35 In the assembly as shown below, the potential difference across the plates is 4 volts. A positive particle of
charge +4e is projected from the negative plate with an initial kinetic energy of 4eV and the negative particle
of charge (–2e) is projected from the positive plate. Both the particles reach point ‘A’ with zero kinetic energy.
Find the initial kinetic energy of the negative particle in eV.

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10.36 Electrons in a sample of H–atoms make transitions from state n = x to some lower excited state. The
emmission spectrum from the sample is found to contain only the lines belonging to a particular series. If one
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of the photons had an energy of 0.6375 eV. Then find the value of x. [Take 0.6375 eV = ´ 0.85eV ]
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h
10.37 Find the number of electrons in chromium (24Cr) which have orbital angular momentum equal to .
2p

10.38 A hydrogen like atom (atomic number Z) is in a higher excited state of quantum number n. This excited atom
can make a transition to the first excited state by successively emitting two photons of energies 10.20 eV
and 17.00 eV respectively. Alternatively, the atom from the same excited state can make a transition to the
second excited state by successively emitting two photons of energy 4.25 eV and 5.95 eV respectively.
Determine the values of n and Z (ionisation energy of hydrogen atom = 13.6 eV)

10.39 In a sample of hydrogen atom in ground state electrons make transition from ground state to a particular
excited state where path length is five times de-broglie wavelength, electrons make back transition to the
ground state producing all possible photons. If photon having 2nd highest energy of this sample used to
excite the electron in a particular excited state of Li 2+ ion then find the final excited state of Li2+ ion.

10.40 A chemist has one mole of X-atoms. He finds that on absorption of 410 kJ, half of X-atoms transfer one
electron to the other half. If all the resulting X– ions are subsequently converted to X+ ions, an addition of 735
kJ is required. Find the electron affinity of X.

10.41 The famous alien Jadu on his visit to our planet earth brought a sample containing 100 identical H-like atoms
(hypothetical atoms, Z can be fractional) from his planet. He gave these atoms to Rohit (Hritik Roshan)
asking him to analyze them. He further gave Rohit the following informations :
1. Out of the given atoms, some are in ground state and some others are in a higher energy level (n = x) and
the potential energy of electron in the ground state of given atom is –192 eV.
2. When the sample is exposed to radiations of wavelength 155 nm, the electrons jump to another higher
energy level (n = x + 3). Upon back-transition upto ground state, a total of 10 different spectral lines are
produced.
Then, Jadu asked Rohit two questions :
(a) "What is the final state in which the electrons move after absorbing photons of wavelength 155 nm ?"
(b) "What is the maximum number of atoms which had their electron in ground state initially ?"
Surprisingly, Rohit answered the questions correctly.
Instead of Rohit, if you were asked the same questions by Jadu, what would have been your answers for the
two questions ? Take hc = 12400 eV Å.