CMS 101 – Prof. Emmeline L.

Pass on (also magazine)

Cabalum - Introduction to Permanence of the message
Media Communication Liabilities – more reliable;
evidence
MASS COMMUNICATION – Accuse of libel – slander (oral)
process of communication Broadcast in TV and radio
National Telecommunications
MASS MEDIA – radio, TV, Commission Radio Programs
computer (NTC)
MASS COMMUNICATIONS – NTC – records even the radio
channels, mass media, program and the radio
technology (traditional, modern program pass their programs
technology) to NTC because requirement
15 days only – disadvantage
MASS COMMUNICATION – how and they erase it
is the message transmitted using
mass media Functions – radio, TV, newspaper

Types of MASS MEDIA: Information (basic and

important) – put in elements of
Radio, TV, Newspapers, books, persuasion
magazines – have their own Entertainment
characteristics Persuasion/influence –
influence the way of thinking
Radio over TV (Characteristics) Commercials – 3 functions
have these
Accessible
Less cost Operational Process of Mass
Longer reach Media
Intimate medium/feeling of
intimacy Programming – format,
scheduling, apportioning of
Radio – hot than cold medium type of program
Economics
TV (Characteristics)
Formats and orientations
Urban not rural because of the
source of energy News
Audio – video signals Commentary
Confirmation is not reliable Documentary
because they want to bring Soap opera
the fastest news Music
Information is more reliable – Religion
staff confirms/ verify because Women’s program
of more time Sports
Public affairs
Newspapers (Characteristics) Educational programs
More detailed – cheaper; Orientations
space (reliable)
 Permissive – profit – oriented, Information and access to
democratic, focused more on information is controlled by
wants rather than needs, government
private enterprise –individual Purely government control
ownership No freedom (communist)
Paternalistic – socialistic – not Industry is not the business,
profit –oriented, government industry is used for
plays very important role, propaganda
democratic, dominant, focused
on needs rather than wants, Segmentation/
more educational, BBC demasssification –
produced public affairs, classify/target specific audience;
documentaries, commentaries, classification (helped it by age);
government plays a major role follow the gender, age,
in broadcasting industry occupation
Great Britain – 2 stations;
Viewers – one large
economic and profit –
homogeneous mass (not in
oriented, paternal and
terms of sex, gender, religion,
permissive
etc.)
Combination of different Message is received and
components accepted

Authoritarian broadcasting Conglomeration – group of

companies
Monotheist concept – discussed
now In terms of acquisitions (large
company buy – out the losing)
Combine paternalistic In terms of buy – outs
In terms of mergers (2
Authoritarian orientation – companies increased profit);
north korea, Russia, china, increased their profits; mutual
japan benefits
Monotheistic system – one Losing companies – dismissed
system the employees
Communist (government
control) In global business,
Broadcasting is used for conglomeration is the word
propaganda (function)
Melding – conversion of all
Technology media to a common digital
technology
Public address systems (Russia) -
if government wants to A transition of traditional
disseminate information, they media to a common digital
used not only TV/ radio but also media
the public address system (all
over the place of Russia) Digitization – opposite of analog
technology (traditional)
You can’t help but listen
 Inefficient, compact storage Radio is warmer than TV
and transmission of data because it engages the
listeners imagination
Traditional – recordings (tape)
Movies on the movie house –
MEDIA MODELS
hot; concentrated
– model has its origins
(Marshal Mc Luhan – Canadian TV documentary – involvement
mass media theorists)
Theory – mass media is the Entertainment – Information
extension of mass Model – basically into
Extends your ears, eyes information and entertainment
“ World is a global village.”
Mass Media
Why mass media change the
world a global village? –
reachable
Published 4 volumes |
Guru (master)
|

Info Persuasion
Mass media – classify as hot/ Entertainment
cold model |
Most important function
Hot – radio and books
Opinion aspect is not clear
Cool – TV (persuasion is not clear/ visible)

Hot – fully concentrated, Hard cell and Soft cell –

highly involved, concentration; advertisements
type of medium
Newspaper (opinion column -
persuasion)
Marshal Mc Luhan – did not
Presented to you in a direct
formulate the hot and cool but
manner
he’s idea

Relationship of the medium Content – Distribution Model –

and you is intense, strong media function, classify it into
communication, intimate message creation – production
aspect and message
TV (cool) – ouch potato, videots distribution – selling
Aspect of mass medium
Watch it without thinking Distribution – get money
Passive Players – people of media
Less intellectual involvement company
Distributing unit and
production unit
Time warner – selling cable –
Merduck, CNN – production unit Maturation Model – innovation
stage – creation of technology;
News Corporation – Media invention of new media
Company technology and this new
technology is tested
Creating company in the 20th
century Entrepreneurial stage – baligya
GE – General Electric (Universal Apple vs. Microsoft
Studios); (distribution - NDC) Toshiba Blu – ray vs. Samsung
HD DVD
Vertical Integration – creation
and distribution unit is the same Stability Stage – point for
market; test the innovation; stage
One company owning both
the medium enters stability
Kill independent production
stage; if wider sold in the market
and distribution company
(innovation is stable); widely
No competition
spread use and sales
1948, the US forced the
university Studios to sell
Company – good if you own it
Business – not good Push – Pull Model – listeners,
viewers, audience, have
Strategy – a weak program control of the media
between 2 strong programs – Ex. Change the radio/turn off it
HAMOCK PROGRAM if I don’t like the
advertisements
Advantages for a production
Pull – no control
Creation and distribution
Ex. Supermarket (amplifiers ---
aspect belong to the same
announcements/advertisemen
company because of
ts)
conglomerations (giants sa
Not good if you don’t have
media)
any control of all the message
Vertical integration being transmitted

Elitist – Populist – entirely ECONOMICS OF MASS MEDIA

oriented to the market places
Network – owned; affiliated;
(refers to the masses);
independent radio/TV station
programs educate and instruct
Nude pictures considered as Radio station – need very big
art capital
BBC documentaries vs. TV
series Mass media requires a franchise.
Serious media content that
cater certain people called Permit/license for you to
elitist operate
Elitist – populist – 2 extremes Legislative body of the country
Very serious to media content (Congress)
 Approve by the Senate and 3, 4 – Populist
Congress United States – entertainment
Floppiest – convinced the
Congress Network – owned and operated
Expensive stations – NOO – all the programs
Have showed a transmitter come from the mother station

In terms of owning a radio/TV GMA and ABS – CBN – mother

station you should be a multi – network funding; mother network
millionaire and look out the provides funding for the network
market – owned stations; get money from
the mother network – get money
Source of Media from the national ads

Advertisements – ad revenues Local ads – here in the PH

Subscription - want to avail
cable services; licensing Mother, network attached the
radio/TV set; changed an ads
annual fee; annual license fee Program into soap opera
Reduce the time
Paternal system Prime time – most expensive

Monotheistic – pure; adapts one Fringe time – before and after the
system prime time; cheaper

Pluralistic system – combination ECONOMICS

Permissive – adapt by the Market

Philippines Target
viewers/listeners/audiences
BBC – paternalistic – serve needs; MOR (Middle of the Road)
government owned media; public Format
broadcasting There and everything for
everybody
Permissive – profit – oriented;
Very popular format
serve audience wants than
“ It’s difficult to put up your
needs
own station/channel because
its costly
Permissive – democratic;
Franchise (permit) is
paternalistic – socialist;
expensive too
authoritarian – communist
BBC in England – independent Source of income of networks
Broadcasting Authority – IBA;
tales on commercial aspect in Advertisements
broadcasting of England Subscriptions
IBA – Independent
Elitist continuum – programs; Broadcasting Authority “
boring; paternalistic (needs); Pluralistic”
programs (higher intellectual)

Great Britain – 1, 2 – Elitist

 Combination of different types 9-11 segmented
of orientation “ PBS (Public
Broadcasting System)” MORNING – housewives; children;
Paternalistic elderly

SOURCES OF MEDIA INCOME 11-1 noontime

Buying of space from the Primetime PM – 7-11

broadcasters, they buy time
6:30-7:30 – NEWS

7:30-11:00 – TELENOVELAS

11:00-11:30 – BANDILA
Printed Media
Advertisers – target; target –
Ratings, tell the advertisers
exposure
many people watching the
show Larger demographics
Audience share – 30% of the
market considering same Primetime, noontime – peak (a lot
markets in all broadcasting of money)
areas
Advertisers – look out the Buying (advertisers) of air time as
results of the surveys investment for potential
Ex. Bombo Radio customers
Number of viewers who watch
NOOS – Network own and
a TV program/listen to a radio
operated station (Prime time
program in a particular time
commercials)
Programming Blocks – Viewers
Network owned station –
and Listeners
supported by mother network
Doing these tasks the TV and supported financially
radio are on
NOOS – 50 stations all over the
Advertisers concerned how big
Philippines
a market to reach block
Prime time – largest audience 50 more times the
share advertisements are exposed
Drama cannot start at 8 AM 30 seconds advertisement
You cannot air drama early as Network affiliated stations
8 PM (NAS)
Drama does not give you If a network has also 40
information (ignorant) stations which are considered
6 – 9 – important news/ affiliated, that same ad will be
information/ things shown to 40 stations = 90
Primitive – family as your exposures
listeners/viewers
Network Ad – part and parcel – di
Primitive 6-9 AM matandog
NAS – characteristics Print Media –
circulation/distribution
Gets its programming content
from mother network Publisher of the newspaper gets
Not gets financial support from money from the advertisements
mother network in the newspaper
30% share of the advertising
money paid for that particular Publisher – they don’t get a lot of
program profit from circulation

Mother Network receives money Subscription – share the profits

from national ad; 16 ads, 30 min. from the distribution (sellers on
set the streets)

60/60M 30 seconder BOOKS

Local – profit Author – connect to a publishing

house
Syndicated – mas dako
Royalty fees; publisher gets
1 PC – cheaper for the network; money
Independent Production Company Can have sources of income

Syndicated canned/ready – made Bestseller because it was adopted

– cheaper and ara na sya into the movie

Ex. Korean and Latin – cheaper Adaptation writes – books

because recycled because they adopted into films; they get
have been shown money
Publishing houses now profit
IPR’s – may copy right indirectly from film and TV
producers
Affiliated network demands 90% -
Ad revenue of TV shows
95% from the network from their
programs MOVIES
Affiliated asks permission from How movies benefit the
the mother network. advertising?
What is the source of Aside from box office receipts
independent TV and radio
stations? Movies which have been
recycled
They don’t have programming Adaptation of movies
content (ex. 12 hours/day) Shown again in TV
High risk to put up an Shown again in movie houses
independent station
Very quality Hollywood
NEWSPAPER productions
Advertising revenue
Money is made of movie The idea of having a mass
producers from the recycled audience
movies
Radio – first medium to
Home-video apartment – movies demassified
which are sold in DVD’s; very
popular during early 1990’s Lesser audience = lesser
advertisers = lesser income;
Pick-up ads sa movie ang change the formats to reach
advertisements specific audience

Print Media 1950’s – started the

demassification
Circulation
Distribution TV – came the TV, the radio
Subscription become unpopular

Radio Veritas Chop chop the mass audience

– Catholic Radio Station FM format – came up of variety of

formats to reach the audience
Martial Law (wala nag stop) (top 40, most requested)
Without any sponsors
Sponsored of Cataholic church DEMASSIFICATION – caused by
one ECONOMIC PRESSURE
Religious group – supported;
private support Radio – needed to adapt to bring
on advertisers
Radio station – Public Broadcast
Media Radio survive

Government subsidized – Public TECHONOLOGY

Broadcasting BREAKTHROUGHS
Advent car radios in
Damage control technology breakthrough,
radio was able to reach
Look for the media / stations
specific types of listeners drive
that air my programs
in radios
Bad about advertising
Radio shack – place where sell
Advertiser/sponsor – the mass different parts of radios
media is dependent on the
Advert of disc jockey
sponsor has the say on almost
anything (programs) Birth of radio personalities
Demassification – divide your Advent of radio personalities
audience into
segments/demographics; easier MAGAZINE – second types of
to pin point; brought about the medium to demassified in 1960-
change in landscape because of 70’s
certain factors
Esquire – intellectual for males 300 billion dollar mark in the mid
2000/2005
Who can afford to buy – perfumes
in magazine? Conglomerates (media outlets)
owned media

Masters of the Universe –

magnificent seven in the mass
media
EFFECTS OF DEMASSIFICATION
Lawrence Ellison
The latest trend in the
Bill Zilt Jr.
advertisers produced their
George Soros
own media to carry their
Adam Clayton Powell
messages
Anne Wells Branscomb
Advertisers considered Vivian Homer
alternative media Roger Fidler

ALTERNATIVE MEDIA ADVANTAGE OF BEING

CONGLOMERATE

Parent corporation put money

Direct mail Tele marketing into their new subsidiaries
Email Marketing and broadcast company
Conglomeration – parent
TV commercial ad company provides the cash
flow
If losing money under
CSR – customer service conglomerate, I should make
representer point of purchase money
(tele marketing) in terms of TV Buy-out/merge (double/triple
monitors the money: goal)
Repackaging the products –
Place – based media – Ex. new name (labels)
Doctor’s offices If I were a publishing company
and I publish, and the
Why did advertisers shift to company makes my book a
alternative media? movie
Subsidiaries – so many
When they leave traditional
Repackage the book into TV
media?
series and graphic movie
Because there was a point, Tie – ins – tie in with a
there was more advertisers garment factory that produce
than traditional media kaya merchandise they can produce
mangita alternative media.
Pattern – when a person comes
How much is spent in advertisers into media business, he became
in United States? committed into gut (intestines)
feel – feeling that you have
Conglomeration provides the If I were a conglomerate – hire
challenge to build successful just one person probably with
media corporation the help of computer
Because of this the quality of
Ex. Rupert Murdock – Australian the paper becomes poor
because of only one person
Interest in News Corporation
works
Publishing
Subscribe to news industry
Fox TV
He tried to explore and CNN
expand
AP – Associated Press
Bloomberg – channel that deal
with economics Reuters International

DISADVANTAGE OF BBC
CONGLOMERATES:
News Corporation
Conglomeration – affects the
diversity of the messages of the --- sources of news because they
mass media have correspondents abroad

Sameness – brings out the Same network, same

same messages messages

Diversity – brings out the same Mass Media – acts as the gate
messages keeper

Conglomerates – Selects what issues, news

control/dominates reports to buy out in the public
Choose which media content
Aim – control the entire process goes out to the public
of production and distribution
Media – are the gate keeper
Vertical integration – owning the
same markets Advertisers – big
companies/conglomerates – big
Control of all the process of control in the media
production and distribution
Criteria
Conglomeration – kills
competition Same kind of message
conglomerates
Re – runs – get money – buy the
episodes/series and show it Corporate instability –
(daytime) negative effect of
conglomeration
Original investment – the Conglomerations also has
conglomerates earned 25 times introduced corporate
instability
 Those parent conglomerates The computer will obey your
are quite to sell subsidiaries voice
Sell again the subsidiaries if it
doesn’t make money Impact: transform all forms of
Conglomerates get rid with human communications
you
Production Technologies -
Subsidiaries – unstable
help people to gather/process
Parent – stable
information
USA – created Board of History Computers, cell phones
Optical scanners, remote
Factual minor and major errors scanning technology

Anti – Intellectualism Electronic production

technologies – solve new and old
Parent conglomerates – use their problems
claim of command to squash the
subsidiaries (making a project) Downside: serious threat;
individual privacy
Digital age
Upside: make people job easier
Use of computers and efficient; greatly increased
Use of interactive TV’s the cost of information; raised
Use of digital watermarks questions of ownership of
information; outpaced human
Interaction – immediate feedback
ability to cope with new
Development of technology possibilities; health risk (using
has innovated your computer exposed you
dangerous risk/rays and carpal
Electronic news gathering – tunnel syndrome)
portable/audio and video
apparatus Distribution Technologies –
involved in the transmission
Use in news gathering and movement of electronic
especially in very very isolated information
system
Six primary technology systems:
Digital watermark – form of a
patient of intellectual property Over – the – air broadcasting –
making use of the air in radio
Finger print of intellectual waves
property Land – based
Protect the property rights of telecommunication –
the original creator telephones, landlines, optical
fiber - technology that can
Remote Sensing Device – applied make possible transfer of a lot
to knowing how many people are of information
inside the house by sensing Optical fiber – ATM, different
from ATM
Voice Recognition and Speech
 Means of transferring Display – refer to technology
information that presenting information to
Co – axial cable wired to radio the n user to the
Cable enables the audience/consumer of
transmission of information in information
areas that cannot be reach by Computer monitors
radio and TV signals Video formats/text formats
Satellite communication –
includes DBS (direct broadcast 3 DIMENSIONAL TACTILE/TOUCH
satellite) SENSITIVE FORMAT

Cable system receives signals Production and distribution

from different parts of the world
Multi-media – virtual reality
Wireless transmission – wife, devices: data globe
etc.
Technology – evolved from
Electrical Power Lines –
magnetic --- optical
melding
Media
Distribution – positive and
negation 4 FUNDAMENTAL QUESTIONS
WITH THE ADVENT
Positive
How does technologies change
Faster
and affect the way
Available globally at the speed
communication professionals
of light
do their work
Video – on – demand and pay per How does this new technology
view – avail through distribution influence the nature of
communication
Target marketing, audience product/content
specialization – demassification How does changing
technology affect the
Telecommunicating- structures of the
professionals can work at home communication industries
using media technology How do new media
technologies affect the nature
Disadvantage:
of the media audience and
Piracy of electronic society at large
information
MAPPING THE CONSEQUENCE OF
Social fragmentation -
TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE
separation/division
CONVERGENCE
Divided into 2: information poor
(powerless) and information rich Intended Consequences
(powerful and influential)
Real time
Information underclass –
information poor/information rich
Unintended/unexpected Organization
Consequences
SOCIETY
COMMUNICATION WORKER
Economic benefit
Efficiency, Lower cost, greater
speed Bloomberg

Health effects Privacy lost

Fewer jobs Pace of technological change

faster than society’s ability to
cope

PRODUCT Growing social fragmentation -

Information rich vs. information
Interactivity poor
User Control multimedia

Freedom Specialization of Bloomberg

channel: News
Flexibility
Telecommunication Company,
real time multimedia information
Information more costly source

Intellectual Real time – cover it as it happens

Property rights Decentralization – responsible by

its product
Hard to define
Virtual News Room – one room

Transcription – translating
STRUCTURE (companies) specialized communication
material to laymen’s terms
Decentralization
GENERALIZATION NEW MEDIA
Virtual news room TECHNOLOGY
Telecommuting (can work at SPECIALIZATION
home)

Content
PRODUCTION OF TV NEWS

TNS – TV NEWS
Redefined
DIGITAL – ELECTRONIC
Roles
Film – chemical process Interactive – multimedia

Downside to the use of digital Type of technology - Brings about

camera: reduce growth of linear narrative

Poor news coverage Nonlinear narrative/hypertext –

bases of the web
No longer than 3 sec – digital
camera

Speed Hypertext

Problem – “kind of journalism“ Creative – advantage

“Good pictures is not about Complicated – disadvantage

journalism”
NEW MEDIA TECHNOLOGY
Lesser people because only
one person will only do the Language – lessen the downside
editing
Will literacy IRRELEVANT TO THE
In terms of content – not good in NEW ERA OF NEW MEDIA
writing TECHNOLOGY?

Manipulation – news events Social cause of new media

Synthetic --- fabricated technology
Manufacture events
Individualism/isolation
Digital
Disadvantage of social media
Digital dark room – after the
synthetic Fight through social media
“End of truth/disappearance” DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW TYPE
OF ADVERTISEMENT (DOWNSIDE)
TV news reports – credibility
Deceiver/deception
Not that credible
Digital editor (located in the
Manipulation of seconds and
central network) (combining
images
producing a product) - (one
Images reports are product of
who can make us of
new media technology
convergence and multimedia)
Signals the death of LITERACY
Super impose – TV
(speaking and writing; skills of
a person) – specifically verbal TV viewers – can only see
Affect social interaction
Mediated interpersonal Different types of Technology
communication – in between –
medium; medium can be a SNG – SATELLITE NEWS
distinction GATHERING

VERBAL LITERACY – SPEECH ENG – ELECTRONIC/DIGITAL

NEWS GATHERING
 Electronic photography US Congress passed the
Communication Satellite
OMNIDIRECTIONAL IMAGING –
type of camera ACT – provides for the
establishment of COMSAT
360 degree (angle)
COMMUNICATION SATELLITE
Omni directional microphone ORGANIZATION I THE USA
Remote sensing technology – one COMSAT – telecommunication –
which uses the Satellite images companies
VOICE RECOGNITION AND Satellite owned by companies
SPEECH SYNTHESIS – slow that do business in
telecommunication
Robots (mostly Japans) computer
Satellites into programs
TV can answer you back
distribution
Satellite – makes available to
people frequencies which can be
used to radio/TV mobile 2 types of Satellite
transmissions
Geo-stationary – follow the
ELECTEROMAGNETIC Earth’s on its revolution; stays
SPECTRUM (natural resource) in one place; goes with the
(amount is limited) --- radio revolutionary of the Earth stay
waves – frequencies put
Satellites – provides frequencies A.I. – ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
for radio/TV/cable transmission
1. SATELLITE LAUNCHED INTO
Kind of frequencies (man- SPACE
made)
1945 Arthur C. Clarke – EARLY BIRD – INTELSAT I – under
invented the first man-made COMSAT (1965)
satellites; he invented the
satellite; 1962 (AT&T) TELSTAR – COMSAT
launched the Telstar I
Intelsat – coverage of United
(satellite) – first
Nations of the speech of Johnson
telecommunication satellite for
TV/telephone signals Speech of Johnson was carried
all over the world
Fiber optics – use today
Russia – Sputnik I (failure)
Philippines – rich in liquid gas
Sputnik II – more successful;
US government and AT&T –
perform its functions
partnership
Normal occurrence – satellite (TV)
Launched
US GOVERNMENT (1962) You can know
Advent of communication satellite Radio waves – natural waves
because of electromagnetic
Superstation – powerful they can spectrum
transmit signals to very far
places; transmit signals all over It can have 300/more channels
the world because of the satellite

PHILCOMSAT – allows the network Electromagnetic spectrum –

to lease/rent time for limited
programming
2 frequencies
Satellites – programming
distribution C band – low frequency; requires
little power; long wave
Superstations in the US – they length/bandwidth; large receiving
can cover the whole US dish; stationary; used by network,
Ex. Cable
Radio superstation
Ku band – high frequency; more
Advent of satellite – brought hope power; short wave length;
to the radio shorter, smaller, dish about 18 in;
used by news gathering stations;
National (not) but also global
portable but requires more power
TV UHF Station – Ultra High
Ku band – subject to more
Frequency TV Station
interference; especially during
WTCG – TV of Atlanta, USA – bad weather; signals are weak
superstation
C band – deliver signals to
RCA – Radio Corporation of different signals
America
Satellite – plays major roles in
RCA – owned a satellite (WTCG - society; religion, agriculture,
TV) economics, military; benefit from
the use of satellites
Newspaper publishing company –
Supernewspaper In the used of satellite, the MMDS
– MULTICHANNEL MULTIPOINT
USA Today – first DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM – use
supernewspaper; published pages across entire Middle East region,
of newspaper in the internet now used in homes, apartment
building/condominiums
24 – Hour telecast TV – TV station
attached to a satellite 1 source – provide your programs
– like cable
MAN – MADE WAVES:
3 Concepts on New Media
Ku band and C band Technology

Concept of Convergence –
merging; coming together of
 all forms of mediated available for transmission of
communication – information typically defined in
communication using medium terms of transmission speed of
in an electronic digital from medium, or the number of
driven by computers and bits/second, such as kilobits,
enabled by network megabits, gigabits per second
technology
- In terms of speed
Convergence – multimedia
MMDS – Multichannel Multipoint
products (product which are
Distribution System
produced by the blending of
text, data, graphics, full - Also known as wireless cable
motion, video, and sound, and
universal accessibility and Why important?
interactivity in the online
world; media products) Because terrestrial (land)
Concept of Compression – broadcast service; servicing
technical process through homes located at first terrain
which large amount of data
Mountainous regions – co-axial
are condensed/comprehend by
cable – wired
removing the redundant
information in 1 video frame to MMDS – cable system capable of
the next for faster transmitting 33 channels/more
transmission/easier storage and in concept of compression
Icons in the computer
Information put in the frames Concept of compression – used
are compressed fiber optics
Icons are product of
compression Fiber – fiber made of silicon (one
Concept that makes use other of the most expensive metals)
types of media technologies
Copper wire – also expensive
Storage
(radio)
Display ----- compression - see
these information in your Fiber optics – new media
computer technology (silicon – one of the
Arranged most expensive metals)
Digitization – conversion of
analog technology “A few seconds” – dictionary

digital format – electronic format; Advantage of the use of optic

talk about convergence fiber

traditional format – analog format 1. Carry information, almost

limitless, the speed of light,
text, audio, visual – formats very fast
bandwidth – has to do with Transmission capability of optical
internet, web net, amount of fiber – information “super
electromagnetic spectrum highway”
 Concept of convergence and Superstation – TV and radio
compression
Access BOMBO RADYO through its
MMDS – not only be used for affiliate
specific types of terrain, but also
be used for high rise buildings 1 station that can cover the PH
(condominiums)

DR – Digital Radio – radio

transmission in
digital/computerized format
because it has bandwidth
requirement; find in cell phones,
internet

DR – delivered primarily via cable

TV co-axial lines

 Because the advances in

compression technology, it is
possible to deliver radio in TV
technology; compression
technology, other media
technology (wired cable,
deliver from a station
delivered to wires)
 Wired --- wireless
 From satellite of signals
 Radio access the signals via
satellites
 Path ( wired – wireless )

DBS – Direct Broadcasting System

 Wireless gets from DBS

Co – axial cable – cannot depend

- Connected to headpoint
(provided/service provider of
mother network)
- Satellite (from the headpoint 1
-- cellphones)
- Wired – wireless

ADVANTAGE OF DR

- No signal interferences
- Superstation (access) – station
which cover the whole world