6/18/24, 10:58 AM >Data Processing Paper 2, WASSCE (SC), 2023

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Menu Question 2
General Comments
(a)(i)Whatis malware in computing?
Weakness/Remedies
ii. List three types o
Candidate's Strength malware.
iii. State three symptoms of malware infection
iv. Give two ways of preventing malware infection.

Observation
The expected answer is:
(a) (i) Meaning of Malware in Computing
– It is a malicious software/ any software/program that disrupts computer operations.
- Any software that gains access to private computer system to gather sensitive
information or display unwanted/unsolicited adverts
- A malicious software that is harmful to the computer or its user.
(ii) Types of Malware

Multipartite virus
Resident virus
Browser Hijacker
Webscripting virus
Macro virus
Overwrite virus
Direct Action virus
Polymorphic/
Metamorphic virus
Rogueware
Backdoor (Trapdoor)
Computer virus
Worm
Trojan horse

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Spyware
Adware
Scareware
Ransomware
Rootkits
Keyloggers

Symptoms of Malware Infection

Increased CPU usage

Network connection problems

Unusual behaviour of running programs/Glitching of programs
Slow computer speed/ performance
Freezing
Modification or deletion of files
Appearance of strange files, programs or desktop icons/tools
Strange computer behaviour
Unusual popup
Unusual error messages
URL re-direction
Email spamming
System/ Software Crash
Demand for ransom
Deletion/disappearance of files
Corruption of files
Unexpected closure of programs
Unexpected change in security settings
Reduced storage space
Boot Failure

(c) Ways of preventing malware infection

Installation of antivirus/antimalware/antispyware program
Regular update of installed antivirus/antimalware program
Do not visit suspicious sites
Do not click on suspicious links
Do not download suspicious email attachment
Avoid the installation/ use of pirated software or use licensed software
Use secure Wi-Fi/ Internet access
Do not accept unknown friendship request
Configuration/installation of firewall
Updating of software and operating system
Scanning of files before downloading
Regular virus scan of the computer
Popup Blocking
Use of Administrator’s account only when necessary
User Education
System monitoring for suspicious activities
Implement e-mail security
Implement Spam Protection
Secure access to computer/networks
User authentication/use of password

The question tested the candidates’ knowledge of computer malware. The Chief
Examiner reported that a good number of the candidates who attempted this question
were able to define malware but some did not understand the procedure to prevent
malware infection.

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6/18/24, 10:56 AM Data Processing Paper 2, WASSCE (SC), 2018

Index
Language ▾
General ▾
Business ▾
Science ▾
Mathematics And Applied Science ▾
Home Economics ▾
Civil And Mechanical ▾
Data Processing Paper 2, WASSCE (SC), 2023
Subject Home
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Menu Question 1
General Comments
State one function for each of the following utility programs.
Weakness/Remedies a. disk space analyzers;
b. backup utility;
Candidate's Strength c. registry cleaner;
d. file manager;
e. uninstaller.

Observation
The expected answer is:
Question One
(a) Functions of Disk space analyser
Provides a display of summary of disks/drives, folders and files, and sizes
Provides information on used and available space on the disks/drives
Identify/indicate old / redundant files for optimization
Scan the computer to generate a report detailing everything that uses disk space
Monitor disk usage; issue alerts about low disk space
Optimize Windows file storage by finding redundant, obsolete, and trivial files.
(b) Functions of Backup utility
Create duplicate/copies of data/file/applications for recovery/ retrieval in the event of
data failure/accidental deletion
Allow the user to copy selected files on entire hard disk/ tape content to desired
location.
Compresses the duplicate of copied files/ folders.
Monitors the copying process and prompts the user of additional disk if required.
(c) Functions of Registry cleaner
Scans/Cleans windows registry
Optimizes windows registry
Remove redundant items from the windows registry
(d) Functions of File manager
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Creates, opens and closes files/folders,
Writes data to files, and read data from files
Creates directories, determine characteristics of files and directories, and copy files
Provides a user interface to manage/organise files and folders
Provides a convenient way of performing routine
(e) Functions of Uninstaller
Removes installed programs/applications
Removes other software or parts of it from a computer
Removes profile files of a program
The question tested the knowledge of the candidates on the functions of utility
programs. The Chief Examiner reported that most of the candidates were able to state
the functions of the listed utility programs.

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6/18/24, 10:58 AM Data Processing Paper 2, WASSCE (SC), 2023

Index
Language ▾
General ▾
Business ▾
Science ▾
Mathematics And Applied Science ▾
Home Economics ▾
Civil And Mechanical ▾
Data Processing Paper 2, WASSCE (SC), 2023
Subject Home
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Menu Question 3
General Comments
(a) Name two computer professionals that use CorelDraw in the performance of
Weakness/Remedies their duties.
Candidate's Strength (b)(i) List three tools in the CorelDraw tool box.
(ii) Give one function of each tool listed in 3(b)(i).
(c)State two uses of CorelDraw as an application software.

Observation
The expected answer is:
Computer professional using CorelDraw in the performance
of their duties
Graphic artist/designer
Web designer
Computer teacher /Educator.
Computer operator
Technical writers

(b) (i) Tools in the CorelDraw Tool box

2-leg callout Tool

2-point line Tool
3-point curve Tool
3-point ellipse Tool
3-point rectangle Tool
Anchor editing
Angular dimension Tool
Artistic media Tool
Attract and Repel tool
Attributes eyedropper
Bezier Tool
Blend Tool
Block shadow Tool

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B-spline Tool
Colour eyedropper tool
Connector Tool
Contour Tool
Crop tool
Curve Tools
Dimension Tools
Distort Tool
Drawing Tools
Drop shadow Tool
Effect Tools
Ellipse Tool
Envelope Tool
Eraser tool
Extrude Tool
Eyedropper Tool
Fill Tools
Free Transform Tool
Freehand Pick Tool
Graph paper Tool
Horizontal or vertical dimension Tool
Impact Tool
Inner shadow Tool
Interactive fill Tool
Knife tool
Live Sketch Tool
Mesh fill tool
Outline Tool
Pan Tool
Parallel dimension Tool
Pen Tool
Pick Tools
Polyline Tool
Rectangle Tool
Roughen tool
Segment dimension Tool
Shape Tool
Shape Tools
Smart drawing Tool
Smart fill tool
Smear Tool
Smooth Tool
Smudge tool
Table Tool
Text Tools
The Polygon
The Star Tool
Transparency Tool
Twirl Tool
Virtual segment delete
Zoom tool

(ii.)
Function
Tools
2-leg callout The 2-leg callout tool is used to draw a callout with a two-segment
Tool leader line.
2-point line The 2-point line tool is used to draw a straight two-point line segment.
Tool

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3-point curve The 3-point curve tool is used to draw a curve by defining the start,
Tool end, and center points.
3-point ellipse The 3-point ellipse tool is used to draw ellipses at an angle.
Tool
3-point rectangle The 3-point rectangle tool is used to draw rectangles at an angle.
Tool
Anchor editing Tool The Anchor editing tool is used to modify connector line anchor
points.
Angular dimension The Angular dimension tool is used to draw angular dimension lines.
Tool
Artistic media Tool The Artistic media tool provides access to the Preset, Brush,
Sprayer, Calligraphic and Expression tools.
Attract and Repel The Attract and Repel tool is used to shape objects by attracting
Tool nodes to the cursor or pushing nodes away from the cursor.
Attributes The Attributes eyedropper tool is used to select and copy object
eyedropper properties, such as line thickness, size and effects, from an object on
Tool the drawing window.
Bézier The Bézier tool is used to draw curves one segment at a time.
Tool
Blend Tool The Blend tool is used to blend two objects.
Block shadow Tool The Block shadow tool is used to add solid vector shadows to objects
and text.
B-spline Tool The B-spline tool lets you draw curved lines by setting control points
that shape the curve without breaking it into segments.
Colour eyedropper The Colour eyedropper tool is used to select and copy a colour from
tool an object on the drawing window or the desktop.
Connector Tool The Connector tool is used to draw straight, right-angle, and rounded
right-angle connector lines.
Contour The Contour tool is used to apply a contour to an object.
Tool
Crop Tool The Crop tool is used to remove unwanted areas in objects.
Freehand Tool The Freehand tool is used to draw single line segments and curves.
Distort Tool The Distort tool is used to apply a Push or Pull distortion, a Zipper
distortion, or a Twister distortion to an object.
Drop shadow Tool The Drop shadow tool is used to apply a drop shadow behind or
below an object.
Ellipse Tool The Ellipse tool is used to draw ellipses and circles
Envelope Tool The Envelope tool is used to shape an object by dragging the nodes
of the envelope.
Eraser The Eraser tool is used to remove areas of your drawing
tool
Extrude Tool The Extrude tool is used to apply the illusion of depth to objects.
Free Transform Tool The Free transform tool is used to transform an object by using the
Free rotation, Free angle reflection, Free scale, and Free skew tools.
Freehand Pick The Freehand pick tool is used to select objects by using a freehand
Tool selection marquee.
Graph paper The Graph paper tool is used to draw a grid of lines similar to that on
Tool graph paper
Horizontal or vertical The Horizontal or vertical dimension tool is used to draw horizontal or
dimension Tool vertical dimension lines.
Impact Tool The Impact tool is used to create graphic effects in a style inspired by
comic books and contemporary illustrations.

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Inner shadow Tool The Inner shadow tool is used to apply a shadow inside an object
Interactive fill Tool The Interactive fill tool is used to apply various fills.
Knife The Knife tool is used to slice objects, groups of objects, and bitmaps
tool along any path you specify.
Live Sketch The Live Sketch tool is used to sketch naturally with intelligent stroke
Tool adjustment.
Mesh fill The Mesh fill tool is used to apply a mesh grid to an object
tool .
Outline Tool The Outline tool opens a fly out that gives you quick access to items
such as the Outline pen dialog box and Outline colour dialog box.
This tool is not displayed by default in the toolbox.
Pan Tool The Pan tool is used to control which part of the drawing is visible in
the drawing window.
Parallel dimension The Parallel dimension tool is used to draw slanted dimension lines.
Tool
Pen Tool The Pen tool is used to draw curves one segment at a time.
Pick Tool The Pick tool is used to select, size, skew, and rotate objects.
Polyline Tool The Polyline tool is used to draw lines and curves in preview mode.
Rectangle Tool The Rectangle tool is used to draw rectangles and squares.
Roughen tool The Roughen tool is used to distort the outline of a vector object by
dragging along the outline.
Segment dimension The Segment dimension is used to you display the distance between
Tool end nodes in single or multiple segments.
Shape Tool The Shape tool is used to edit the shape of objects.
Smart drawing The Smart drawing tool converts your freehand strokes to basic
Tool shapes and smoothed curves
Smart fill tool The Smart fill tool is used to create objects from enclosed areas and
then apply a fill to those objects
Smear Tool The Smear tool is used to shape an object by pulling extensions or
making indents along its outline.
Smooth Tool The Smooth tool is used to smooth curved objects to remove jagged
edges and reduce the number of nodes
Smudge Tool The Smudge tool is used to distort a vector object by dragging along
its outline
Table The Table tool is used to draw and edit tables.
Tool
Text Tool The Text tool is used to type words directly on the screen as artistic or
paragraph text.
Shape Tool The Common shapes tool is used to choose from a full set of shapes,
including hexagram, a smiley face, and a right-angle triangle.
Polygon Tool The Polygon tool is used to draw symmetrical polygons and stars.
Spiral Tool The Spiral tool is used to draw symmetrical and logarithmic spirals.
Star Tool The Star tool is used to draw perfect stars.
Transparency Tool The Transparency tool is used to apply transparencies to objects.
Twirl Tool The Twirl tool is used to create swirl effects by dragging along the
edge of objects
Virtual segment The Virtual segment delete tool is used to delete portions of objects
delete that are between intersections
Zoom Tool The Zoom tool is used to change the magnification level in the
drawing window.

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(c) Uses of CorelDraw as application software

Design of magazine
Design of newspaper
Design of books/ brochures
Making illustration
Designing logo
Design of calendar /almanac
Design of post cards
Design of Invitation Cards
Design of Complimentary Cards
Design of Art works
Design of posters
Design of Handbills/Labels
Design of Letterheads
Design of Banner/Flexes
Layout design
Conversion of Bitmap images to vector objects
Edit images/Photographs

The question tested the candidates’ knowledge of graphic application such as

CorelDRAW. However, it was reported that most of the candidates who attempted this
question showed poor knowledge of the area tested.

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6/18/24, 10:58 AM Data Processing Paper 2, WASSCE (SC), 2023

Index
Language ▾
General ▾
Business ▾
Science ▾
Mathematics And Applied Science ▾
Home Economics ▾
Civil And Mechanical ▾
Data Processing Paper 2, WASSCE (SC), 2023
Subject Home
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Menu Question 4
General Comments
(a) With reference to database management system, state:
Weakness/Remedies i. one difference between fragmentation and replication.
ii. two advantages of replication.
Candidate's Strength
(b)List two:
i. type of fragmentation;
ii. examples of relational database management system.

Observation
The expected answer is:
(a) (i) Difference between Fragmentation and Replication in Database
management system
Fragmentation Replication
I Refers to the breaking down of a Refers to duplication of data or
relation into fragments/small database objects or database from
portions. one database to another.
II There is no duplication of data, There is duplication of data, database
database objects or databases. objects or databases.
III The splitting up of parts of the The process of maintaining updates to
overall database across different data across different sites
sites.

(ii) Two advantages of replication

Improved availability of data
Improved performance
Faster query evaluation / retrieval
All resources are equally replicated regardless of their popularity/Same across
locations
Replicas have utilization rate proportional to their query rates
Improved scalability
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Improved fault tolerance
Simplified backup
Enhanced disaster recovery
Localised access
(b) (i) Types of fragmentation
Horizontal fragmentation
Vertical fragmentation
Hybrid fragmentation
(ii) Examples of Relational Database Management System

Oracle
My SQL
MSQL
Microsoft SQL server
DB2/IBM DB2
PostgreSQL,
SQLite
MariaDB
Microsoft Access
Oracle Database
IBM Informix
Apache Derby
H2 Database Engine
Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS)
Sybase ASE

The question tested the candidates’ knowledge of relational database management

system. It was reported that most of the candidates who attempted this question
demonstrated poor knowledge of the area tested.

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6/18/24, 10:59 AM Data Processing Paper 2, WASSCE (SC), 2023

Index
Language ▾
General ▾
Business ▾
Science ▾
Mathematics And Applied Science ▾
Home Economics ▾
Civil And Mechanical ▾
Data Processing Paper 2, WASSCE (SC), 2023
Subject Home
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Menu Question 5
General Comments
Table 1 shows the specification of two laptop computers. Use the table to answer
Weakness/Remedies questions 5(a) to 5(e).
Candidate's Strength Table 1
Laptop A Laptop B
Feature
Processor Speed 2.6 GHz 900 MHz 2 MB 1.8 GHz, 620 GHz, 1
Hard Drive 500 GB MB
Screen Size 15.6 inches 320 GB
Operating System Windows 10 Pro 10.1 inches
Wireless Capability Disabled Windows 7 Ultimate
Webcam No Enabled
Bluetooth Yes 1.6 MP
Battery Life 2 Hours No
Weight. 3.2 Kg 6 Hours
2.4 Kg

(a) Which laptop will likely boot faster?

(b) Calculate the maximum number of bytes of data that can be stored in the hard
disk of:
i. Laptop A;
ii. Laptop B.
(c) State the type of operating system installed in both laptop A and laptop B.
(d) State one function of the Bluetooth in laptop A.
(e) A certain salesperson makes a long trip by road as part of his job and also uses
the computer for live communications with his customers.
i. Which of the laptop is more suitable for the salesperson?
ii. Name three features of the laptop chosen in 5(e)(i) that makes it more suitable than
the other.
iii. Give one reason for choosing each of the features in 5(e)(ii).

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Observation
The expected answer is:
(a) Laptop likely to boot faster
- Laptop A
(b) Calculation of maximum number of bytes of data can be stored in the hard
disk of:
(i) Laptop A = 500GB
= 500×1024×1024×1024 bytes
=536,870,912,000 bytes
Laptop B = 320 GB
= 320×1024×1024×1024 bytes
= 343, 597, 383,680 bytes
(c) Type of operating system installed in Laptop A and Laptop B
Graphical user interface/Multi-user OS/ Windows OS

(d) Functions of Bluetooth in Laptop A

File transfer between devices and the computer
Transfer/share data/files/photos/ music from phone to laptop/laptop to phone
Transfer/share files/ photos/music from to computer to another computer
Synchronize devices with the computer
Connect audio devices to the computer
Connect mice to the computer
Connect printers to the computer
Connect games devices to the computer
Connect Xbox controllers to the computer
Connect keyboards to the computer
Connect DLNA (digital living network alliance) devices to the computer

(e) (i) Laptop more suitable for the salesperson

Laptop B
Features for selecting Laptop B in 5(e)(i)
-Webcam
- Battery life
- Weight
- Screen size
- Wireless capability
Reasons for choosing the features in 5(e)(ii)

Feature Reasons
Webcam SupportVoIP /
Support video messaging
For Teleconference.
For Live Broadcast/Communication
Battery life Laptop B has longer battery life.
Not to be charged often.
Weight Laptop B is lighter.
Convenient for carrying
Screen size Portability
Require smaller space
Wireless Easy connection to internet access point (Wi-Fi, Hotspots)
capability Connect with devices without cable
Access network resources without cable

The question tested candidates’ ability to apply their knowledge on computer

hardware to solve real life problems. The Chief Examiner reported that candidates’
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responses in this question revealed candidates’ ability to apply knowledge of
computer hardware in solving real life problems.

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6/18/24, 10:59 AM Data Processing Paper 2, WASSCE (SC), 2023

Index
Language ▾
General ▾
Business ▾
Science ▾
Mathematics And Applied Science ▾
Home Economics ▾
Civil And Mechanical ▾
Data Processing Paper 2, WASSCE (SC), 2023
Subject Home
1
2
3
4
5
6

Menu Question 6
General Comments
(a) A class teacher uses a database to keep students’ records. Table 2 shows part of
Weakness/Remedies the information in the database.
Candidate's Strength Table 2
Surname First Name Date of Birth
Index number
4012503001 Umar Mohammed 25/10/1999
4076666022 Ugbede Micheal 01/07/2001
4132738017 Okeke Obinna 22/03/2002
4190328027 Musa Abdullahi 31/07/1998
42303280011 Ayodele Funsho 23/05/1999
4300206001 Okeke Ibanga 21/04/2021
4360107015 clerke micheal 25/01/1999
i. identify the primary
key;
ii. give one reason for the answer in 6(a)(i);
iii. explain three methods the teacher could employ in order to secure the students’ data
(b) Outline the steps to create a drop-down list in an MS Excel
worksheet. (c)The image in Figure 1 is captured from a
product in a supermarket. Use the image to answer questions 6(c)(i) to 6(c)(iii).

Figure 1

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i. identify the image in Figure 1.
ii. give two other application areas of the image in Figure
iii. state three benefits of using the image in Figure 1.

Observation
The expected answer is:
(i) Primary key identification
Index number
(ii) Reason for the choice in 6(a)(i)
Unique identifier/ Uniquely identified each student
No duplication/Repeated value
No null value/Cannot be empty.
(iii) Methods the teacher could employ to secure students data
Data Encryption: data cannot be read by unauthorized persons. A key is needed
to unlock the code.
Use of firewall: prevent illegal access / hacker to the student database (This can
be implemented by software, hardware or combination of both).
Use of antivirus/antimalware: to protect from viruses and malware.
Use of passwords: prevent unauthorized access to sensitive data. Users can be
made to change these frequently to ensure data is protected.
Physical protection: of the host computer for the DB
(b) Steps to create a drop-down list in an Ms Excel worksheet
Select the cell or range of cells where the dropdown list will be added
Click on Data tab
Click on Data Validation
Select Settings tab
Select ‘List” from the allow: drop- down box
Enter the list source: field using a comma to separate the items or select a range of
cells
from the wok sheet
OR
In a new worksheet, type the entries you want to appear in your drop-down list/ Select
the cell in the worksheet where you want the drop-down list.
Go to the Data tab on the Ribbon,
Click on Data Validation.
On the Settings tab, in the Allow box, click List.
Click in the Source box, and Type in the data options separated by comma/ select
your list range
Click on OK
OR
In a new worksheet, type the entries you want to appear in your drop-down list, select
the entries, and give it a name in the Name box
Select the cell in the worksheet where you want the drop-down list.
Click on the Data tab on the Ribbon, then click on Data Validation.
On the Settings tab, in the Allow box, click List.
Click in the Source box, then press F3, and select the range name, click ok
Click on OK
(c) (i) Identification image in Figure1
Barcode
(ii) Other application areas of Barcode

Events ticketing
Courier services
Immigration services
Travels ticketing
Movies ticketing

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Advertising
Games
Tracking food intake / products
Healthcare Industries
Product branding / identification (manufacturing)
Library
Bookshop
Supermarket/ Retail Company
Examination Question Papers/Scripts identification
Shipping Industries

Benefits of using the image

Provides pricing information.

Reduced training time for staff
Improved inventory control
Low cost of implementation
Quick access to product information
Accurate and eliminate human error
Product authentication
Less employee training is required
Time-saving.
Tracking of products
Product identification

This question tested candidates’ knowledge of database management system and their
skill on ICT application. The Chief Examiner reported that the candidates showed
knowledge of database management system but displayed good skill of ICT application..

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