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UNIX Multiprocess Fork Exec

programs of unix

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18 views44 pages

UNIX Multiprocess Fork Exec

programs of unix

Uploaded by

rushi45976
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIX multi-

multi-process programming
using fork and execs

By
CHITRAKANT BANCHHOR
IT, SCOE, Pune
References
1. W. Richard Stevens , “Advanced Programming in the UNIX® Environment”, Addison
Wesley Professional .

2. W. Richard Stevens , UNIX Network Programming, Volume– II, PHI

3. Compiled from various Internet sites.


PID related Functions

 getpid();

 getppid();

 Use pid_t for variable declarations.

# include <sys / types.h>


Example

#include<stdio.h>
#include<unistd.h>
int main()
{
printf(“The process id =%ld\n”, (long) getpid() );
printf(“The parent id =%ld\n”, (long) getppid() );
return 0;
}
fork(): creating new process

#include<sys/ types.h>
#include<unistd.h>

pid_t fork(void);
fork returns

 In parent : pid of the child

 In child : 0

 -1 : on errors
Main Memory
if (pid == 0) { Secondary Memory
printf ( “Child Process\n”);
}
Parent Process
Address else {
Space printf ( “Parent Process\n”);
}
pid = fork ();
if (pid == 0) {
printf ( “Child Process\n”);
}
if (pid == 0) {
else {
printf ( “Child Process\n”);
printf ( “Parent Process\n”);
}
}
Child Process else {
Address
Space printf ( “Parent Process\n”);
}
wait() function

#include<sys/ types.h>
#include<sys/ wait.h>

pid_t wait ( int *status );

 Status receive the child termination status.

 Return value from wait is the pid that matches the return termination
status.

 - 1 on error.
Assignment--1
Assignment

• Problem Statement – I : Program where parent process sorts array


elements in descending order and child process sorts array elements in
ascending order.
Using fork and exec

• New process created by fork executes another program by


calling one of the exec function.
Six types of exec functions

1 int execle (
const char* pathname,
const char* arg0,
…………..
(char*)0,
char *const envp[ ]
);

2 int execl (
const char* pathname,
const char* arg0,
…………..
(char*)0,
);
3
int execv (
const char* pathname,
char* const argv[ ]
);

4
int execlve(
const char* pathname,
char* const argv[ ],
char * const envp[ ]
);
5 int execlp (
const char* filename,
const char* arg0,
…………………….,
(char*)0
);

6
int execlvp (
const char* filename,
char* const argv[ ],
);
1. execl():execute and leave

#include<unistd.h>
execl(path,arg0,arg1,…,argn,0);

path: points to the name of the file holding a command to be executed.


arg0: name of the command.
arg1,…,argn: pointers to the arguments for the command.
0: end of the variable list of arguments.
Example1 execl ( path, arg0, arg1 ,…, argn
argn,, 0 );

main()
{
printf(“The output of date command\n”);
execl(“/bin/date”, ”date”, (char*)0 );
printf(“It was the date\n”);
}
Example: Executing new program

int main()
{
int pid;
/* fork another process */
pid = fork();
if (pid == 0) {
execl(“/bin/ls”,”ls”,”-l”,0);
}
else {
/* parent will wait for the child to complete */
wait(NULL);
printf("Child Complete");
exit(0);
}
}
execv.c int execv ( const char* pathname, char* const argv[ ] ) ;

int main(int argc, char *argv[ ] )


{
pid_t pid;
char *args[3] = { “/bin/ls”, “-l”, (char*) 0 };

pid = fork ( ) ;
if ( pid == 0 ) {
execv ( “/bin/ls” , args );
}
else {
wait ( NULL );
printf ( “Parent process\n” );
}
}
execv--1
execv
execv1.c

int execv ( const char* pathname, char* const argv[ ] ) ;


oneIntArg.c
excev--2
excev
exec2.c

int execv ( const char* pathname, char* const argv[ ] ) ;


twoIntArg.c
array--1
array
array1.c

int execv ( const char* pathname, char* const argv[ ] ) ;


arrayDisp.c
Assignment – 2
array.c
asc.c
dsc.c
CHITRAKANT BANCHHOR

Thank You!

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