Nationalism In India – Worksheet and Notes – Class-X
1. Why did Mahatma Gandhi collaborate with the Khilafat Committee?
Mahatma Gandhi wanted to initiate a mass movement in India.
Gandhiji saw this as an opportunity to bring Hindus and Muslims under the umbrella of a
unified national movement.
2. Discuss the attitude of Congress towards women and their participation in the Civil Disobedience
Movement.
3. What were the demands of the peasants of Awadh?
4. Describe the role of Alluri Sita Ram Raju in Andhra Pradesh during 1920s.
5. Why was the non-cooperation movement called off by Mahatma Gandhi?
i. In February 1922, at Chauri Chaura in Gorakhpur (UP), a group of peaceful h
demonstrators turned violent. They burnt alive 22 policemen. When Mahatma Gandhi
came to know about it, he decided to withdraw Non-Cooperation Movement.
ii. He felt that the movement was turning violent in many places and satyagrahis ne to be
properly trained before they would be ready for mass struggles.
iii. Within Congress too, some leaders like C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru were now of mass
struggles and wanted to participate in elections to the provincial councils.
6. Which events led to the Jallianwala Bagh Tragedy?
Rowlatt Act
Impact of Rowlatt Act
Policy of the government
Attack on the peaceful procession……………………. till………. opening fire by General
Dyre leading to massacre. (Elaborate each point)
7. Who designed the Swaraj Flag? Which colours were included in it?
8. What were the main features of Poona Pact of 1932?
i. It was signed between B.R. Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi.
ii. According to it the Schedule Caste were given reserved seats in Legislative councils but
to be voted by the general electorate.
9. Describe the main events leading to Civil Disobedience Movement or Salt Satyagraha in 1930.
The main events/factors that led to the beginning of Salt Satyagraha are mentioned below:
i. Boycott of Simon Commission – In 1928 Simon Commission under Sir John Simon
was constituted by the Tory Government in Britain in response to the Nationalistic
Movement. The main aim of the commission was to look into the functioning of the
Constitution of India and suggest changes. The Simon Commission was greeted with the
slogan “Go Back Simon”. All parties including Congress and the Muslim League
participated in the demonstration.
ii. In October 1929 in order to win over Congress and the Muslim League, Lord Irwin,
Viceroy made an offer of 'dominion status' for India. He also stated that a Round Table
Conference would be held to discuss the future constitution of India. This action of Lord
Irwin could not satisfy the radicals within the Congress.
iii. The liberals and moderators who were demanding constitutional system within the
framework of British dominion lost their influence.
iv. At Lahore session Congress passed a resolution for 'Purna Swaraj' or full
independence. It was declared that 26 January 1930 would be celebrated as Independence
Day. Thus, stage was ready for the next part of struggle i.e., Civil Disobedience
Movement.
v. Tax on Salt - The British had imposed tax on salt and had also monopolised
production of salt.
10. What were the main demands put forward by Gandhiji in his letter dated 31 st January 1930 to the
Viceroy? What was the object and importance of the Salt tax?
11. What were the main features of the Gandhi Irwin pact?
12. Why was Congress reluctant to include workers’ demand as part of its programme in Civil
Disobedience Movement?
It would alienate industrialists
It would divide anti-imperialist forces (Explain)
