1.
The adrenal medulla releases hormones that produce similar e ects to what part of the nervous
system?
What hormone is being released?
A. Acetylcholine
B. Norepinephrine
C. Aldosterone
D. Cortisol
2. The volume of blood pumped per minute is the
A. Cardiac output
B. Stroke volume
C. Tidal volume
D. Heart rate
3. What structure controls the size of the pupil in the eve?
A. Myosis
B. Lens
C. Iris
D. Suspensory bers
4. Would you expect birds such as peacocks that are brightly colored to have more rods or cones in
their eyes?
5. Speci cally which portion of the eye has the neuroreceptors for vision?
A. Choroid
B. Tampedum nigrum
C. Cornea
D. Retina
6. Cell mediated immunity is the responsibility of
A. B cell lymphocytes
B. T cell lymphocytes
C. Natural killer cells
D. Plasma cells
7. The production of red blood cells is caused by which hormone?
A. Neutrophilia
B. Erythropoietin
C. Erythrocytes
D. Cholecystokinin
It is released in response to low oxygen levels by the:
a. Anterior pituitary
b. Pineal gland
c. Adrenal cortex
d. kidneys
practice
8. The structures that house the vestibular system are
A. Semicircular canals & vestibule exams
B. Cochlea & semicircular canals
C. Vestibule & tectorial membrane
D. Stapes & tympanic bulla
9. The Cranial Nerve that delivers sensory information from the vestibular system for equilibrium is
What other special sense does this cranial nerve deliver to the brain?
10. Bile is produced by the __ and is stored in most species in the __ (4)
11. Bile is needed for the digestion of
A. Proteins
B. Carbohydrates
C. Fats
D. Glucose
12. What two vitamins are produced by the bacteria involved in fermentation?
(4)
13. What is the function of the lens?
A. Provides color vision
B. Re ects back light onto the sensory neurons to allow better night vision.
C. Focus the image to provide greater visual acuity
D. Allow more light into the lens to increase better night vision.
14. The majority of fermentation in the horse occurs in what two portion of the
digestive tract?
A. Cecum and large colon
B. lleum & jejunum
C. Cecum and small colon
D. Large Colon & Rumen
15. The horse, cattle, & sheep gain much of their energy from the produced by the microbes during
fermentation.
A. Lipids
B. Volatile Fatty Acids (VFAs)
C. Glucose
D. Proteins
16. List a hormone that would decrease the volume of urine produced.
17. The four compartment of the ruminant "stomach" in order of ingesta passage are:
(6)
18. An animal with hyperadrenocorticism would exhibit which of the following?
A. Weight loss
B. Poor healing
C. Increased heart rate
D. hypercalcemia
19. Parvo virus attacks the most rapidly growing cells in the mucosal lining of the small intestine.
Where are these located?
A. On the tip of the villi
B. In the crypts of the villi
C. In the lacteals of the villi
D. In the ileum
20. Describe one advantages or bene ts of fermentation taking place in the ruminant forestomachs
rather than in the hindgut as in other species such as the horse.
21. What organ is responsible for the production of the majority of digestive enzymes released in the
duodenum?
A. Liver
B. Pancreas
C. Spleen
D. Duodenum itself
22. A key enzyme in the duodenum is Trypsinogen which is activated into__
It is important as it activates other enzymes that break down
A. Proteins
B. Lipids
C. Carbohydrates
D. Bile acids
(4)
23. Which of the following hormones increases pancreatic and bile secretions
A. Cholecystokinin
B. Insulin
C. Chymotrypsin
D. All of the above
24. Increases in the hormone ___ causes increased sodium re-absorption of sodium and thus water.
A. Aldosterone
B. Calcitonin
C. Oxytocin
D. Glucagon
25. The majority of hormone concentrations are controlled by
A. Positive feedback mechanisms
B. Negative feedback mechanisms
C. Cellular demands
D. Changes in electrolyte levels
26. TRUE or FALSE The horse does not produce bile and thus does not have a gall bladder.
27. Where is the cochlea located?
A. Inner ear
B. Middle ear
C. External ear
D. Vitreous chamber
What is the function of the cochlea?
28. List a species that only has lower incisors.
29. The hormone that lowers the level of glucose in the blood by aiding cells to uptake glucose is:
A. Glucagon
B. Calcitonin
C. Growth Hormone
D. Insulin
The lack of this hormone causes a disease called .
30. What is glycogen?
A. Hormone that increases blood glucose
B. Hormone that decreases blood glucose
C. Hormone that stimulates growth of the skeleton & muscles
D. Storage form of glucose
31. Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone which is produced by the
__ causes the release of __ from the Pituitary gland which in turn causes __, to be produced by the
Thyroid gland. (6)
32. A. What hormone assists the body in resisting stress?
B. What substance causes its production & release?
a. ACTH
b. Prolactin
c. Gonadotropin
d. TSH
35. Species that have the most binocular vision, where the visual elds ove erlap, also have:
a. the widest eld of vision
b. the greatest color vision
c. the greatest depth perception
d. the largest corneas
36. Hypocalcemia, which causes "milk fever" in cattle, would cause which hormone to elevate?
a. Calcitonin
b.Parathyroid hormone
c. Glucagon
d. Somatotropin
37. Describe one of cortisol's major e ects in the body.
38. What are the two main responses to oxytocin?
a. Follicle development on the ovaries and milk let-down
b. Increased release of pancreatic secretions and slowing down of the stomach
c. Re-absorption of sodium and water in the kidneys
d. Contraction of the uterus and milk let-down
39. What would cause increased edema to be produced in the lung?
a Increased cardiac output by the left ventricle
b. Increased blood pressure in the pulmonary veins
c.Decreased oxygenation of the blood
d. Increased plasma proteins in the blood
BONUS What hormone does the pineal gland produce?
1. During hemostasis, after the formation of the platelet plug, what major process leads to the solid
cat?
2. The cranial nerve that delivers sensory information from the organ of hearing __ along with the
sense of __?
3. Bile is produced by the ? and in most species is stored in the ?
4. List a species of domestic animals that does not have upper incisors?
5. The optic nerve is also called ??
6. Describe one of the e ects of excess cortisol?
7. Name the two hormones that regulate normalize calcium levels in the blood?
8. What hormone stimulates the release of Thyroxine from the thyroid gland?
9. The sympathetic system activates a portion of a gland to also secretes norepinephrine, Where is
this?
10. Lack of insulin causes a disease called ..?
11. ADH has what a ect?
12. Where is the site of oxygen exchange in the lungs?
13. What are the two sources of blood to the liver?
14. Name one hormone that decreases the ant of urine produced?
1- The sympathetic system activates a portion of a
2 - What is cardiac output
3 - What plasma protein is involved in hemostasis.
4- During hemostasis, after the formation of the platelet plug, what process leads to the solid clot?
5- Stress causes an increase in which hormone level?
6- What hormone is released by the pituitary in response to
7- what structure controls the size of the pupil in the aye?,
8- what portion of the eye has the neuroreceptors for vision?
9- Nocturnal animals need better night vision, so they have a larger percentage of what?
10- Liver Failure causes decreased ability to produce plasma proteins. What e ect would this have on
osmotic pressure?
11- The structure that houses the organ of hearing is i.?
13-In what part of the digestive tract does most of the absorption of nutrients take place?
15 - Bile is needed for the digestion of ...?
16- The majority of fermentation in the horse occurs in what two
Portion of the digestive tract?
19 - During fermentation microbes produce? that are used for energy in ruminants?
lao - The most rapidly growing cells in the mucosal lining of the small intestines are located.?
21- What organ is responsible for the production of the majority of digestive enzymes released in the
duodenums
24- What hormone increases the level of glucose"'in the blood?
26 - What endocrine structure releases insulin ?
27- What are the two main responses to oxytocin?
29- What is another name for somatotropin?
30 - B cell lymphocyte are responsible for ...?
31 - True or False - The horse does not produce bile and thus does not need a gall bladder,?
32 - Insulin causes what a ect?
34- What is a hormone that controls metabolic rate + cellular
35 - Rabbits, similar to the horse, are..,?
metabolism?
36 - Rabbits increase that e ectiveness in their digest process by consuming cecal contents so as to
digest the fermentative bacteria. What is that called?
37. Cats have eyes facing the same direction in front of their head, while horses have eyes on the side
of their head. What advantage do cats gain from having this placement of their eyes?
40- what information does the semicircular canals in the car provide?
41-When a cats co2 levels in the blood rise, what a ect would this have on ventilation?
42- decreasing blood pH by increasing H+ ion in the blood would cause..
43- Intraplural pressure is normally .,?
44- How is the majority of oxygen carried in the blood?
45- Where does oxygen leave the blood and enter the tissues?
