Week 4
Day 1
▪ Determine the possible
combination of genes
for a specific blood
types.
Incomplete Dominance or
Codominance
X = Codominance
Incomplete
X = Dominance
R r HANDEDNESS
L l EYELASHES
Remember:
Chromosomes
occur in pairs.
(homologous pairs)
the different alleles
of a gene occupy
the same positions
on each chromosome
However, it is possible to have several different
allele possibilities for one gene.
NON-MENDELIAN
MULTIPLE ALLELE
A condition when there are
more than two alleles that
control a trait.
Human blood is controlled by 3 alleles:
Ia, Ib, i
Ia, Ib dominant i = recessive
ANTIGEN
is a substance that can trigger an immune
response in the body.
ANTIBODIES
is a globin protein produced in response to a
specific antigen.
Phenotype Type A Type B Type AB Type O
a a a
I I or I i b b b I aI b
Genotype I I or I i ii
Antigen Antigen Antigen no
A B AB Antigen
Antibody Antibody no Antibody
B A Antibody A, B
RBC
A B A A
A B B B
PLASMA
Phenotype Type A Type B Type AB Type O
a a a
I I or I i b b b I aI b
Genotype I I or I i ii
Rh factors
are proteins that were first discovered in
the blood of Rhesus Monkeys, but
humans have them too.
• Rh positive, blood does contain Rh
proteins.
• Rh negative, does not contain Rh
proteins.
Phenotype Type A Type B Type AB Type O
a b
Genotype IaIa or Ia i IbIb or Ib i II ii
A man with a Type A = 50%
Heterozygous blood type A Type 0 = 50%
marries a woman with a
type O blood. Find the Ia i
possible blood type of their
child.
i I i
a ii
Given:
A O
Man: heterozygous Type A i I i
a
ii
Woman: type O A O
Phenotype Type A Type B Type AB Type O
a b
Genotype IaIa or Ia i IbIb or Ib i II ii
A man with a Homozygous
Type A = 100%
blood type A marries a
woman with a type O
blood. Find the possible Ia Ia
blood type of their child.
Given:
i I i
a I i
a
Man: homozygous Type A
A A
Woman: type O i I i
a
I i
a
A= IaIa O = ii A A
A man with type AB blood is married to a woman with
type O blood. They have two natural (biological)
children and one adopted child. Jana has type A
blood, Jossie has type B blood, and James has type O
blood. Which child was adopted?
Given:
Father: type AB
Mother: type O
JANA JOSSIE JAMES
Type A Type B Type O
Father type AB
mother type O. Ia I b
Jana type A
Jossie type B
i I i
a I i
b
James type O A B
Father’s i I i
a
I i
b
genotype IaIb A B
Mother’s
genotype ii James
Suppose a newborn baby was accidentally mixed up
in the hospital. In an effort to determine the
parents of the baby, the blood types of the baby
and two sets of parents were determined. Baby 1
had type O, Mrs. Brown had type B Mr. Brown had
type AB. Mrs. Smith had type B Mr. Smith had type B
Mr & Mrs Brown BABY Mr & Mrs Smith
Type AB, B Type O Type B
Ia Ib Ib i
I b I I
a b I I
b b Ib I I
b b
I i
b
AB B B B
i I i
a I i
b
i I i
b ii
A B B O
Mr &Mrs Brown BABY Mr &Mrs Smith
AB, B B
Type O
Week 4
Day 2
▪Determine the
probability of having a
male or female gender
SEX
DETERMINATION 23(X) 23(X) or 23(Y)
1-22:
autosome
chromosomes
23rd: sex 46 (XY)
chromosome 46 (XX)
A couple have 5 children, 2 boys and 3 girls. If the
mother is pregnant, what is the chance that the
unborn child will be a girl?
X Y
X XX XY
X X Y
X XX XY
XX- 50% XY- 50%
Prepared by:
Jennifer J Cadiz
PCSHS
