1.
1 Understanding place
value
OBJECTIVES
1 Explain the value of a digit in a decimal (tenths
and hundredths).
2
2 Compose, decompose and regroup numbers,
3
including decimals (tenths and hundredths).
3 Multiply and divide whole numbers by 1000.
2
4 Multiply and divide decimals by 10 and 100.
WARM-UP
Video
EXPLANATION
What Is a Decimal?
A decimal is the number that comes after the
decimal point in a number. It represents part of
a whole number.
Decimals have a close relationship with fractions
and percentages and can be converted between
them quite easily.
Decimal Value Place Chart
hundred thousandths
Hundred Thousands
ten thousandths
Ten Thousands
thousandths
hundredths
Thousands
millionths
Hundreds
Millions
tenths
Ones
Tens
M HTh TTh Th H T O t h th tth hth m
You might be familiar with the place value house. Decimals are a part of this too.
You can find them on the right of the decimal point.
The decimal point is always a part of a number but often when a whole number is
expressed, eg. 100, we don’t use a decimal point as we assume it would be 100.00
Whole Numbers and Decimal Numbers
When we look at a decimal number it will have two parts to it:
• The whole number
• The decimal (part of a whole)
For example:
12.5
12.5 is
is made
made up
up of
of 12
12 wholes
wholes and
and .5
.5
What Is a Decimal Made up Of?
A decimal can be made up of:
Tenths Thousandths
Hundredths
What do you notice about the name of these compared
to those on the other side of the place value house?
What Is a Tenth?
A tenth is the largest part of a decimal.
Ten tenths make up 1 whole or ten parts of something will make a whole.
A tenth can look like:
0.1 1/10
What things can you think of that would represent 0.1?
1 piece of chocolate out
of 10 pieces in total
= 0.1 or 1/10
What Is a Tenth?
10c coin: 10 x 10c coins = $1 10 squares on a hundreds board
= 0.1 or 1/10
10c is 1/10 of a dollar or 0.1
What Is a Hundredth?
A hundredth is the next largest part of a decimal after a tenth.
A hundred hundredths make up 1 whole or one hundred parts of something will
make a whole.
A hundredth can look like:
0.01 1/100
What things can you think of that would represent 0.01?
$1 out of $100 = 0.01 or 1/100
So What Does It Mean to Read Numbers to
3 Decimal Places?
To have the ability to read and understand a number to three decimal places
means that you can say and understand:
• How many wholes are in the number
• What parts of the number there are to three places after the decimal point (eg.
tenths, hundredths and thousandths)
3.14 62.34
7.7
0.62 0 .3
8.88
How Do You Say Decimal
Numbers?
When we say decimal numbers, we do it in two different ways.
Take this number for example:
45.76
We would say ‘forty five’ for the whole number but after the decimal point we say
them as single numbers ‘seven, six’.
The exception to this rule is if the decimal is a price and then we say the number
together.
Take this example: $87.68
$87.68
We would say ‘eighty seven dollars, sixty eight’.
Decimal Tenths
Count forwards and backwards along the
decimal tenths counting stick.
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9
0 1
Decimal Tenths Counting Stick
Count forwards and backwards along the
decimal tenths counting stick.
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8
0 1 2
Decimal Tenths Counting Stick
Count forwards and backwards along the
decimal tenths counting stick.
0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5
0 1 2 3 4 5
Decimal Numbers
Let's explore the place value of a decimal
number.
Any digit immediately to the right of
the decimal point is a tenth.
Ones Tenths
0 3
0.3 = This decimal number
has three tenths.
Decimal Numbers
Let's explore the place value of a decimal
number.
Any digit immediately to the right of
the decimal point is a tenth.
Ones Tenths
0 8
0.8 = This decimal number
has eight tenths.
Decimal Numbers
Let's explore the place value of a decimal
number.
Any digit immediately to the right of
the decimal point is a tenth.
Ones Tenths
0 2
0.2 = This decimal number
has two tenths.
Decimal Numbers
Let's explore the place value of a decimal
number.
Any digit immediately to the right of
the decimal point is a tenth.
Ones Tenths
0 9
0.9 = This decimal number
has nine tenths.
Decimal Numbers
Let's explore the place value of a decimal
number.
Any digit immediately to the right of
the tenth column is a hundredth.
Ones Tenths Hundredth
0 3 5
This decimal This decimal
0.35 = number has number has
three tenths. five
hundredths.
Decimal Numbers
Let's explore the place value of a decimal
number.
Any digit immediately to the right of
the tenth column is a hundredth.
Ones Tenths Hundredth
0 7 4
This decimal This decimal
0.74 = number has number has
seven tenths. four
hundredths.
Decimal Numbers
Let's explore the place value of a decimal
number.
Any digit immediately to the right of
the tenth column is a hundredth.
Ones Tenths Hundredth
0 1 8
This decimal This decimal
0.18 = number has number has
one tenth. eight
hundredths.
Decimal Numbers
Let's explore the place value of a decimal
number.
Any digit immediately to the right of
the tenth column is a hundredth.
Ones Tenths Hundredth
0 0 5
This decimal This decimal
0.05 = number has number has
zero tenths. five
hundredths.
Multiplying by 10, 100 and 1000
When we multiply a number by 10, 100, or 1000, we move the digits of the
number to the left:
• one place for 10
• two places for 100
• three places for 1000
Notice that the number of places we move the digits is the same
as the number of zeroes in the number we are multiplying by.
× 1000
× 100× ×
1000
10× 100 × 10
Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones tenths hundredths thousandths
0
4 0 7
4.07 x 10 = 40.7 4.07 x 100 = 407 4.07 x 1000 = 4070
Dividing by 10, 100 and 1000
When we divide a number by 10, 100, or 1000, we move the digits of the
number to the right:
• one place for 10
• two places for 100
• three places for 1000
Notice that the number of places we move the digits is the same
as the number of zeroes in the number we are dividing by.
÷ 10÷ 100
÷ 1000 ÷ 10÷ 100
÷ 1000
Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones tenths hundredths thousandths
5 0 0
8
508 ÷ 10 = 50.8 508 ÷ 100 = 5.08 508 ÷ 1000 = 0.508
The End
