UCT Mam OM) erm EE READING a CB Look at the photographs from the 1950s. How do you think daily le was diferent then? Think about: + men women /chisren * food an dink / shopping / work health and exercise (li Read sentences 1-4 about the 1950s. Do you think they are true (7) of false (F)? Compare your answers with a partner. Inthe 1950s, .. 1 [Ll people were thinner than they are today. 2 E]peonle spent more time at the gym than today. 3 [] people lived longer Ives than they do todey. 4 [people smoked more cigaretes than today Read the article. Check your answers to 1b. Read the article again. Answer the questions. 1 Inthe 1950s, what did the should drink? rniment say peo 2 How is government advice about food different todey? 3. How much time do UK women spend on a diet these cays? 4. How did wornen in the 1950s exercise? 5 Why do people put on weight more easily today? 6 Inthe 1950s, when did people visit the doctor? 7 Which health problems are more corimon today? 8 Why didn't people stop smoking in the 1950s? 9 Where sit llegal to smoke in the UK? (Qe Think about the information you have read. Do you think people are healthier now than in the 1950s? Why / Why not? 70 eee eee ea eect feet fees People didn’t use to worry about how mary calories they ate. The government aovised people to eat meat, cheese, butter, cereal and bread every day. They also recommended two glasses of milk a day. Today the advice hias changed. They sey we should eat more vegetables and less meat, cheese ‘and butter. But we don't listen, Not many of us atllhealtiy cist. 60% of us are now overweight. In the UK, the average woman will spend 31 years of her life Bagg. For aman, its 28 years. Most women used to RESBIIAISHABE naturally by doing housework ~ the average housewife did three hours of housework every day. They cidn't need to go to the gym to [aSelWeiaht and get ‘Today, busy working lives make it harder to get enough exercise. Inventions like washing machines, freezers and cars have made our lives easier, 50 it's now much easier to [puLOR WEEHealth care People didnt use to ve 2s long as we do today. Hospital operations were much less comman and people only used to go to the doctor when they were [. seriously il. Today, we live longer, but \we have new health problems. In the 1950s, most kids drank milk and ate peanuts without any (QU neehe nasa) EMER inthe 1950s: 65 butmore (FA 79 people Fae BIIEFEIES to various foods today. ‘And the number of people who have diabotos is also increasing, because more people até overwelght. Cigarettes Smoking used to be very popular. “The big Hollywood stars like James Dean and Audrey Hepburn all smoked fn screen. In the UK, 80% of adults wore REgUlarEMOKES. People just didn't know how dangerous it was and didn't tty to BABU Smolin. Today, we all know the dengers, and it's now ilegal to smoke in pubic places lke offices, schools and restaurants. Bc tekdase eur unit 7* EAVOCABULARY Health collocations Work in pairs. Look at the |MigHIBAEE@ phrases in the article. Which do you think are ... ? 1 geod for your health 2 bad for your health IEG Complete the sentences with phrases from the article. Then listen and check. 1 He. because he was doing so much exercise 2 He decided to smoking, because it was @ very expensive habit, 3 After my holiday, Iwas five Klos 4 Is easy to if you workin an ofice and don't get any exercise. 5 lim very healthy —1___ by running every day. 6 7 8 8 lwas a for years, but then I decided to stop. I never do any exercise but 'm thin because | She's 1__two ‘again — this time she's only eating bread and carrots for a week animal hair and bee stings. ¢ C® Which of the ideas in 2b are common in your country? Do you think people are generally healthy in your country? Why / Why not? d Work in pairs. Find and underline all the words and phrases in the article related to health. Add them to the lists in 2a, GRAMMAR used to Look at the sentences about the 1950s, Are these things the same or different today? Smoking used to be very popular. People didnt use to know itwas dangerous. Women used to do three hours of housework everyday. They didn’t use to go to the gym, b Look atthe sentences in 3a again and complete the rules. To talk about something that was different in the past we use __+ infinitive. The negative is —___+ infinitive ¢ GIEGH Pronunciation Listen to the sentences in 3a. Notice the pronunciation of used to/ju:sta/. Does the pronunciation change in negative sentences? dB Now go to Grammar Focus 7B on p.154 © Complete the sentences with used to and a verb in the box. walk be think spend not suffer not eat 1 When | was a child |___to school every day. When | was a teenager, my parents | was lazy. 2 3. |_from allergies, but now | do. 4 People in my country a lat of fast food, but they do now. 5 |____more time outdoors than I do now. 6 The health service in my country — better than itis now. { 2 Change the sentences in 3e so they are true for you. Compare your answers with a partner. lused to go to, Soret SPEAKING D Communication 7B Work in pairs. Go to p.1297A Comparatives and superlatives Cn We use comparative adjectives and adverbs to compare two things or actions, usually wth than: Joinn's mare teresting than Michael He's richer than he was. ‘She drives more carefully than ail my friends. We use superlative adjectives and adverbs otal about extremes, usually with the: ‘He's the worst gute player inthe wora! Who can run the farthest? He played the best I've ever seen him play. Jess / leastis the opposite of more / most. We can use it with all adjectives and adverbs: ‘in Tess happy than | was. ‘She drives less slowly than me. ‘twas the least interesting meeting ever! We can use as... asto show that twa things are equal He's as tall as me. ‘She ives as carefully as me, We can use not as... as to mean less than: Hie ism'tas clever as me, (= He is less clever than me. | am cleverer than him.) She doesn't drive as carefully as me. (= She drives less carefully than me. | drive more carefully then her.) We often use comparatves or a5 past with present: He's much better than he was. He's aot as bad as last tim. asto compare We oten use superiatives with ever and the present perfect This isthe best meal Ive ever eaten. Iwas the least interesting book I've ever read. Adjectives ‘One slab | rh rier, ae richest big Serr the blnest easy > easier, the easiest | friendly > friendlier, the friendliest areal mre caret, ha mest care ee es 00d bet, the best Ending in-y Two or more ‘ar further, the turhest clever -> cleverer/ the cleverest quiet quieter! the quietest bored /tred/ il-> more /the most bored | ted / il Adverbs One sylable | hard harder, the hardest Lato later, the latest Two or more | often > mare often, the mast often syllables carefully > more carefully, the mast carefully Irregular well better, the best adverbs —_baaly > worse, the worst ‘ar farther, the farthest carly» earlier, the earliest 7B used to We use used fo + infinitive to talk about past situations and habits which have now changed. Used to tells us something was different in the past, used to be very thin. now) ‘He did't use to go to the gym. (= He dida't go to the gym in the past, but now he goes to the gym.) used to has the same form forall persons. was thin in the past, but 'm not thin 1 You / We / They / He i te eee ‘She didn't use to wear high hee's TYIN? id you use to be good at sport? Yes, li! No, didn. There is no present form of used to. Use the present simple. 1 play tennis three times a week 211) 8200 play ott 2013 Jusedtobe very-thin. Now Im much stronger! “Tp sed to andthe past simple \We can usualy use the past simple to alk about these situetions/nabits, if we make it clear that we re tlkng about 2 particular period cf past time: He was very fit when he was younger When Iwasa student, | went running thre tes @ week. Its natural to use a mixture of used toad the past simple when we write or speak about logs term past situations: In the 1950s, people aid use te drive to work - ost pee walked or cycled.