Resins

Fire Retardant
 POLYNT COMPOSITES
Global leader
for thermoset composites

Contents

1. Polynt Reichhold Group...........................................................................................................2

2. Introduction to the Fire Retardant System................................................................................3
3. Railway standards....................................................................................................................8
4. Company Addresses...............................................................................................................10

Polynt Reichhold Group

After the merger on May 2017 the new Polynt-Reichhold Group is a global Company in the Intermediates,
Coating and Composite Resins, Thermoset Compounds, Gel-coats and niche Specialties.
This combination enhances the Group’s leading position as a global vertically integrated specialty chemicals
player, with significant global presence in Europe, North America and Asia, a strategy initiated by Polynt with
the successful integration of PCCR and CCP in the last years and now further reinforced by Reichhold’s global
scale, extensive product portfolio and R&D competencies.
Polynt-Reichhold Group is known for its superior quality and impressive range of products and with its
excellent distribution network it can provide first-class service to customers whatever their market. Customer
Service and Technical Service teams are renowned for their customer focus, offering the best service even
after products have left manufacturing.
The Group strives to keep customers satisfied, assisting them in producing premium quality products every
time they use its products.
Product innovation is important for the Group’s business and it’s the reason for which it constantly works with
customers to find solutions to problems.
Introducing new or improved products ensures that Polynt-Reichhold Group continue not only to deliver what
the market wants and needs, but also when it is wanted and needed.

2
Introduction to the Fire Retardant System
Fire triangle
The triangle illustrates the three elements a fire needs to ignite: heat, fuel,
and oxygen. A fire occurs when those 3 elements are present and com-
bined in the right mixture. A fire can be extinguished by removing any one
of the 3 elements.
As a result, different physical processes need to be considered for fire
retardant:
• Cooling: endothermic decomposition reaction of the flame retardant
additive that causes a decrease in the temperature needed to
maintain combustion, thus limiting the emission of combustible gas by the polymer.
• Dilution: a release of inert gases (CO2, NH3, H2O, etc.) from the thermal decomposition of additives
contributes to the dilution of combustible gases below the ignition threshold.
• Formation of a protective layer: some flame retardants lead to the formation of a solid protective layer
limiting the transfer of heat and mass between the polymer and the flame.
The fire retardants and their mode of action
There is no single solution for fireproofing materials. Different options can be used alone or in combination
(cooling, inhibition of combustion reaction, thermal protection) in order to achieve the target. However, it is
important to find the best compromise between improved fire resistance and other requirements such as
mechanical properties, weather resistance (water, UV), economic feasibility and environmental issues.
These fire retardant options are:
• Halogenated compounds: Brominated derivatives are the most effective. Very often associated with
antimony oxides (synergy), halogenated derivatives exhibit a chemical mode of action mainly in the gas
phase. Their performance, which is efficient at even relatively low content, is characterized by the
generation of opaque and toxic fumes during combustion.
• Metal hydroxides: mainly aluminium trihydrate, which acts as both a flame retardant and a smoke
suppressor. The resulting performance is interesting, but to be effective, these compounds must be used
in very large quantities, often greater than 50% in mass, which will result in a significant decrease of
mechanical characteristics and an increase in density and difficulty of wetting.
• Phosphate and nitrogen compounds: phosphorus derivatives have the ability to form a protective layer
when the polymer burns, thus limiting the supply of oxygen and energy to the fuel. Ammonium
polyphosphates have the advantage of combining the action of phosphoric acid with that of nitrogen in
the gas phase.
• Intumescent systems: intumescence is the ability of a material to develop a carbon shield of such thickness
that gas and heat transfers are limited. The recipes involve an acidic substance, an inflating agent and a
carbon source that leads to the formation of a «char» when the temperature of the polymer rises. It helps
to limit the spread of fire by blocking the passage of smoke, flame and heat while giving the product a
lower density than common charged systems.

3
 Inhibition in Gas Phase
(smoke/toxicity)

Intumescent
Condensed Phase
Carbon Char

Images given by CREPIM.

The table in central pages of this brochure shows the type of fire retardant for each listed product:
• HF - Halogen Free;
• H - Halogen;
• I - Intumescent;
• FI - Filled.
Standards
A large number of standards exist because fire risk level depends on the environment the components are
going to be exposed to (the risk class being related to the evacuation conditions).

A direct comparison of individual national tests and associated classifications with the European Standards is
very difficult because it could be subject to different interpretations of the various ratings.
4
A typical example is represented by below table comparing the most commonly used Standards for the Buil-
ding Industry in Europe:

UK
Euroclass German Euroclass French Euroclass (Engl.,
Wales, N.I.)
BS 476/6
EN 13501-1 DIN 4102-1 No Smoke No droplets EN 13501-1 NF P92-507 EN 13501-1
BS 476/7
non non
A1 A1 A1 A1
combustible combustible
A2 - s1, d0 M0
A2 - s1/s2/ limited
A2 - s1, d0 A2
A2 - s1/s2/s3, s3/, d0/d1/d2 combustible
d0/d1
M1
B - s1/s2/s3, B - s1/s2/s3/,
B/C - s1, d0 Class 0
d0/d1 d0/d1/d2
A2/B/C - s2/ s3/,
d0
B1
C - s1/s2/s3, C - s1/se/s3/,
A2/B/C - s1, d0/d1 M2 Class 1
d0/d1 d0/d1/d2
A2/B/C - s3, d2
D - s1/s2/s3/, D - s1/s2/s3/,
M2
d0 d0/d1 D - s1/s2/s3/,
Class 3
D - s1/s2/s3/, D - s1/s2/s3/, M4 d0/d1/d2
d1/d2 d0/d1 (no droplets)
B2
E M4
E E
E - d2

F B3 F F

Reaction to fire classification: B - s1, d0

Main indicator; fire classification.
B
From highest rating A1 via A2, B, C, D, E to F being the lowest level of performance.

Additional indicator; smoke production.

s1
From highest classification s1 via s2 to s3 being the lowest level of performance.

Additional indicator; burning droplet foming.

d0
From highest classification d0 via d1 to d2 being the lowest level of performance.

Euroclass Classification for smoke or droplets

A1 Not inflammable s1 No smoke

A2 Almost not inflammable s2 Limited smoke poduction and smoke increase

B Very difficultly inflammable s3 No limitation on smoke production required

C Moderately inflammable

D Well inflammable d0 No droplets allowed

E Very inflammable d1 No droplets for longer than certain time given

F Extremely inflammable d2 No limitation on droplets rquired

5
 BUILDING RAILWAYS

Type of resin CLASSIF.

France Spain UK USA Germany EUROPE EN 45545-2-2013
DIN 5510

UIC Kodex

Type of Gelcoat
ISO 5658-2 ISO 5659-2 ISO 5660
564-2 App 4
REFERENCE Process

(DIN 53438 /53837

Standards linked
HF (Halogen Free)

/4102/50050-2)
UNE 23.727-9

BS 476 part 6

BS 476 part 7

Fire prevention and fire

for rail vehicles used in

I (Intumescent)

CONE CALORIMETER
NFP 92-501

NFP 16-101

EN 13501-1
ASTM E84

EN 45545

fighting regulations
H (Halogen)

DIN 4102

SMOKE CHAMBER

international traffic
FI (Filled)

CFE
DION® FR 7721-00 HLU-SU FI-HF - M2 F1 Class 2 105 S4, SR2, ST2 Class B
NORPOL
DION® FR 7721-00 HLU-SU FI-HF D-S3,d 0 HL3 20,3 93/45 19,7
SVX
DION® FR 800-200 HLU-SU FI-H - 12
DION® FR 820-034 Cont. Laminate H - 149
DION® FR 820-080 Cont. Laminate H - 152
- 131
NORPOL®
S 4, SR2, ST2
MTI 10176
DION® FR 820-606 INFUSION H
SVG
NORPOL®
NGA X2
DION FR 820-M723
®
Cont. Laminate H -
DION® FR 820-M878 HLU-SU FI-H - 113
- M1 F2 Class 1 67
DION FR 840-820
®
HLU-SU FI-H NORPOL®
M1
GI 10176
- 71 Class A
DION® FR 840-850 HLU-SU FI-H
NGA HX3
DION® FR 844-030 Cont. Laminate H - Class 1 74
DION® FR 850 series HLU-SU FI-HF -
- S4, SR2, ST2
DION® FR 850-700 HLU-SU FI-HF
NGA HX3 Class 2
DION® FR 850-M850 HLU-SU FI-HF - 135 S4, SR2, ST2
- S4, SR2, ST2
DION FR 852-700
®
HLU-SU FI-HF NORPOL®
S4, SR2, ST2
MTI 10176
HLU - Fil.
- Class 2 Class 2 99
Winding
DION® FR 9300-00 H
3 % ATO Class 1
HLU-SU
35% ATH Class A
DION® FR 9300-890 HLU-SU FI-H - F3
ENYDYNE H 68180 TA HLU-SU not FR -
ENYDYNE H 68372 TA HLU-SU not FR -
ENYDYNE H 68377 TAE HLU-SU not FR - Class B2
- M2 F1 S4, SR2, ST2
ENYDYNE H 86181 TF HLU-SU FI-H POLYCOR
HL2 30,0 240/141 66
2335
- M1 F2 B-S3, d0 S4, SR2, ST2
ENYDYNE H 86291 TF HLU-SU FI-H POLYCOR
M1
ENYDYNE H 89295 FA HLU-SU FI-HF - M2 F1 S4, SR2, ST2
ENYDYNE H 89396 FA HLU-SU FI-HF - M2 F1 S4, SR2, ST2
POLYCOR
ENYDYNE I 69473 A RTM not FR HL1 28,6 271/146 108
2335
EPOVIA KRF 2000 HLU H - M2 F3
POLYCOR
NORSODYNE H 13372 TA HLU-SU not FR HL1 13,0 275/160 97
2335
NORSODYNE H 25375 TAE HLU-SU not FR - Class B2
POLYCOR B-S1,
S4, SR2, ST2
2220 d0
NORSODYNE H 81269 TF HLU-SU FI - I - HF
POLYCOR
HL3 29,2 182/99 42
2335
Classic Gel
109
coat ATH
Polycor 2330 M1 F1 84
NORSODYNE H 81381 TFA HLU-SU FI-I-HF POLYCOR
M1 F2 HL3 28,2 134/67 53
2335
POLYCOR
HL2 29,0 128/82 83
2335+Paint*
NORSODYNE H 84233 L HLU H - M2 F4
NORSODYNE H 88203 TAF HLU-SU FI-H - Class 0 Class 1
NORSODYNE H 88204 TAF HLU-SU FI-H - Class 1
NORSODYNE H 88222 TA HLU-SU FI-H - Class 2
POLYCOR
NORSODYNE I 81268 F RTM FI-I-HF 2335 PA + HL2 32,8 173/73 69
ROVICOR
UNIGEL 11M
PRESTER 1150 HLU-SU FI-H F1 M1
BLANCO
PRESTER 1165 HLU-SU FI-H UNIGEL 2HL HL2 21,0 123/63 77

These results have be obtained on specimens. They are able to demonstrate the capability of our products to be compliant with the requirements.
End users have to check the compliance of the laminates they make.

6
 MARINE MILITARY VEHICULE SINGLE TESTS

ISO 4589-
Type of resin MILITARY UTAC n° 2:2006 CSE NF EN ISO
IMO FMVSS 302 UL94
SPECIFICATION 18-502/1 ASTM D 2863: RF-3-77 11925-2
2013

IMO FTPC IMO MSC/Circ. IMO MSC/Circ. MIL R2167 /

Interior finishing materials, showing

Type of Gelcoat
MIL R24719

formation and a low burning rate

Flammability of Plastic Materials

Part 5 1006, item 3 1006, item 4 MIL R7575

Materials for transportation

behaviour by oxygen index

Test method radiant panel

Determination of burning
REFERENCE Process

Flammability of Interior

Ignitability of products

Standard for Safety of

impigement of flame
subjected to direct
and other Naval applications
procedures for acceptance
HF (Halogen Free)

of fire-retardant materials

This specification covers

epoxy-based, vinyl ester

lamination of boat hulls

I (Intumescent)

for the construction of

Guidelines on fire test

no droplet
surface flammability
H (Halogen)

resins suitable for

FI (Filled)

requirements for
Fire Test for

lifeboats
DION® FR 7721-00 HLU-SU FI-HF -

DION® FR 7721-00 HLU-SU FI-HF NORPOL SVX

DION® FR 800-200 HLU-SU FI-H - Class 2 5V

DION® FR 820-034 Cont. Laminate H -
DION® FR 820-080 Cont. Laminate H -
-

NORPOL® MTI 10176

DION® FR 820-606 INFUSION H
SVG

NORPOL® NGA X2

DION® FR 820-M723 Cont. Laminate H - Compliant

DION® FR 820-M878 HLU-SU FI-H - Grade A
-
DION® FR 840-820 HLU-SU FI-H
NORPOL® GI 10176

- V0
DION® FR 840-850 HLU-SU FI-H
NGA HX3
DION® FR 844-030 Cont. Laminate H - V0
DION® FR 850 series HLU-SU FI-HF - Grade A
-
DION® FR 850-700 HLU-SU FI-HF
NGA HX3
DION® FR 850-M850 HLU-SU FI-HF -
-
DION® FR 852-700 HLU-SU FI-HF
NORPOL® MTI 10176

HLU -Fil. Winding - Compliant

DION® FR 9300-00 H
3 % ATO
HLU-SU
35% ATH
DION® FR 9300-890 HLU-SU FI-H -
ENYDYNE H 68180 TA HLU-SU not FR - Type A cat 1
ENYDYNE H 68372 TA HLU-SU not FR - Type A cat 1
ENYDYNE H 68377 TAE HLU-SU not FR -
- LOI = 35,6%
ENYDYNE H 86181 TF HLU-SU FI-H
POLYCOR 2335

- Compliant
ENYDYNE H 86291 TF HLU-SU FI-H
POLYCOR M1 Compliant

ENYDYNE H 89295 FA HLU-SU FI-HF -

ENYDYNE H 89396 FA HLU-SU FI-HF -

ENYDYNE I 69473 A RTM not FR POLYCOR 2335

EPOVIA KRF 2000 HLU H -

NORSODYNE H 13372 TA HLU-SU not FR POLYCOR 2335

NORSODYNE H 25375 TAE HLU-SU not FR -

POLYCOR 2220
NORSODYNE H 81269 TF HLU-SU FI-I-HF
POLYCOR 2335

Classic Gel coat ATH

Polycor 2330
NORSODYNE H 81381 TFA HLU-SU FI-I-HF
POLYCOR 2335

POLYCOR 2335+Paint*

NORSODYNE H 84233 L HLU H -

NORSODYNE H 88203 TAF HLU-SU FI-H -
NORSODYNE H 88204 TAF HLU-SU FI-H -
NORSODYNE H 88222 TA HLU-SU FI-H -

POLYCOR 2335 PA +
NORSODYNE I 81268 F RTM FI-I-HF
ROVICOR

PRESTER 1150 HLU-SU FI-H UNIGEL 11M BLANCO

PRESTER 1165 HLU-SU FI-H UNIGEL 2HL

* This has been obtained with HL2 Paint

7
 Railways Standards
Transportation: EN 45545 Part 2 +A1: 2016 - Fire Protection on Rail Vehicles
The standard EN 45545-2 came into force in January 2018. From January 2015 to December 2017, it was
possible to use the national standards to qualify materials installed in railway vehicles. Now, all new mate-
rials are tested against the European Standard in order to guarantee the same level of security whatever the
location in the EU.”
The standard EN 45545-2 is no longer just a simple pass/fail or a classification to a single fire test;
compliance depends upon the Operation/Design Categories combined with the type of Part to be produced
which then leads to a series of requirements (parameters) from the following main three tests:
1. ISO 5658-2 to measure CFE (kWm-2) or Flame Spread
2. ISO 5660-1 (50 kWm-2) to measure MAHRE (kWm-2) or Heat Release
3. ISO 5659-2 (50 kWm-2) + FTIR to measure Ds(4); VOF4 + CITG or Smoke/Toxicity
The standard calls for high performance products to be used in high risk scenarios, with a definite emphasis
on passenger/staff safety.
1. Operation Category:- the relationship between service, infrastructure + evacuation conditions
• OC1 = Typically Surface Operation with short tunnels, such as a Tramway or Heavy Rail
• OC2 = Typically City Metro Systems or surface rail with longer tunnels, short time to safety
• OC3 = Typically very long tunnel sections (Alps, or Channel Tunnel), longer time to safety
• OC4 = Special Vehicles operating mainly underground with restricted evacuation routes (Channel
Tunnel Motor Vehicle Transporters)
2. Design Category:
• A = Automated Stock with no staff on board
• D = Double Decked Rail Stock
• S = Sleeping/Couchette Rail Stock
• N = All Other (Standard) Stock
These two parameters are linked to give a required Hazard Level (HL), each of which has a set of
requirements (e.g. R1, R2 + R3) that depend on the part to be produced. Where HL3 is the highest
performance and is typically achievable using SMC as the application method.

Design
Operation N A D S

OC1 HL1 HL1 HL1 HL2

OC2 HL2 HL2 HL2 HL2
OC3 HL2 HL2 HL2 HL3
OC4 HL3 HL3 HL3 HL3
The Higher the Risk, the Higher the Safety Factors required: HL3 > HL2 > HL1

There are many interior part definitions to be considered. For instance, the following all require R1
compliance: IN1; IN4; IN5; IN6A; IN7; IN8; IN10B; IN12; IN13 + IN15: a further three require R2 and one R3.
The end user will be aware of these definitions.

Results + Requirements
The key parameters are listed below with the requirements for each Hazard Level. Results are averages of
three specimens tested to the required methods.

8
Targets to be reached according to requirement

Requirement Parameter Definition HL1 HL2 HL3

CFE Min 20 20 20

MAHRE Max n/a 90 60

R1 Ds(4) Max 600 300 150

VOF4 Max 1200 600 300

CITG (4 +8) Max 1.2 0.9 0.75

CFE Min 13 13 13

MAHRE Max n/a n/a 90

R2 Ds(4) Max 600 300 150

VOF4 Max 1200 600 300

CITG (4 +8) Max 1.2 0.9 0.75

CFE Min 13 13 13

MAHRE Max n/a n/a n/a

R3 Ds(4) Max 600 300 150

VOF4 Max 1200 600 300

CITG (4 +8) Max 1.2 0.9 0.75

Example of classification of gel coat + resin and resin alone

The data highlighted in this brochure provides an outline explanation of the final requirements for pieces
manufactured for use in fire performance applications.
The data shown within this document provides an indication and examples based on our experiences and
does not aim to cover all thermoset application technologies. It is the responsibility of the end users to check
the compliance of their material versus the standard.
9
 COMPANY ADDRESSES

EUROPE
FRANCE SPAIN
Polynt Composites France S.A. Polynt Composites Spain, S.L.U.
Route D’Arras CS 50019 Avenida República Argentina, S/N
62320 Drocourt - France 09200, Miranda de Ebro - Burgos -
Phone: +33 3 21 74 84 00 Spain
Fax: +33 3 21 49 55 84 Phone: +34 947 333 348
email: contact.FRcomposites@polynt.com email: contact.EScomposites@polynt.com
contact.FRintermediates@polynt.com contact.ESintermediates@polynt.com

ITALY UK
Polynt S.p.A. Reichhold UK Limited
Via del Pruneto, 40 54 Willow Lane,
52027 San Giovanni Valdarno (AR) - Italy Mitcham
Phone: +39 055 91 281 Surrey CR4 4NA - United Kingdom
Fax: +39 055 94 3936 Phone: +44 20 8648 4684
email: contact@polynt.com Fax: +44 20 8640 6432
email: contact.UKComposites@polynt.com
Polynt S.p.A.
Via Romagnoli, 23 Polynt Composites UK Ltd.
43056 San Polo di Torrile (PR) - Italy Laporte Road
Phone: +39 0521 812811 Stallingborough - Near Grimsby
Fax: +39 0521 813445 North East Lincolnshire DN41 8DR
email: contact@polynt.com United Kingdom
Phone: +44 1469 552570
NORWAY Fax: +44 1469 552597
email: contact.UKComposites@polynt.com
Polynt Composites Norway AS
Lilleborggata 4,
1630 Gamle Fredrikstad - Norway
Phone: +47 69357000
Fax: +47 69357001
email: contact.NO@polynt.com

POLAND
Polynt Composites Poland Sp. z o.o.
ul. Grabska 11d
32-005 Niepołomice - Poland
Phone: +48 12 281 42 00
Fax: +48 12 281 42 01
email: contact.PLcomposites@polynt.com

10
This brochure is intended to provide a comprehensive list of the products and services available from all business sectors in which
are active the companies and/or corporations controlled, directly or indirectly, by Specialty Chemicals International Ltd (hereinaf-
ter referred to as «Polynt Group»). The information, recommendations, answers and/or opinions contained herein (which must be
intended only for explanatory purposes) are aimed to assist customers on the basis of our technical and scientific knowledge as
of today, taking into account that our products are intended for sale to industrial and commercial customers. However we require
customers to inspect and test our products before use and to satisfy themselves as to contents and suitability for their
applications: nothing herein shall constitute or shall be deemed to be any other warranty or a representation, express or implied,
including merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or results to be obtained from the use of such information, nor shall be
taken or construed as infringing of any existing patents. Product names in capital letters are registered trademarks of the relevant
member of Polynt Reichhold Group. © Polynt S.p.A. - October 2021
11
Polynt Composites USA Inc.
99 East Cottage Avenue
Carpentersville, IL 60110
United States
Phone: +1 800 322 8103
email: contact.US@polynt.com
www.polynt.com

Polynt S.p.A.
Via Enrico Fermi, 51
24020 Scanzorosciate (BG)
Italy
Phone: +39 035 652 111
email: contact.IT@polynt.com
www.polynt.com