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What Is Normalization

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5 views

What Is Normalization

mca

Uploaded by

Akhilesh Singh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is Normalization?

o Normalization is the process of organizing the data in the


database.
o Normalization is used to minimize the redundancy from a
relation or set of relations. It is also used to eliminate
undesirable characteristics like Insertion, Update, and
Deletion Anomalies.
o Normalization divides the larger table into smaller and links
them using relationships.
o The normal form is used to reduce redundancy from the
database table.

Why do we need Normalization?

The main reason for normalizing the relations is removing these


anomalies. Failure to eliminate anomalies leads to data
redundancy and can cause data integrity and other problems as
the database grows. Normalization consists of a series of
guidelines that helps to guide you in creating a good database
structure.

Data modification anomalies can be categorized into three


types:

o Insertion Anomaly: Insertion Anomaly refers to when one


cannot insert a new tuple into a relationship due to lack of
data.
o Deletion Anomaly: The delete anomaly refers to the
situation where the deletion of data results in the
unintended loss of some other important data.
o Updatation Anomaly: The update anomaly is when an
update of a single data value requires multiple rows of data
to be updated.

Advantages of Normalization
o Normalization helps to minimize data redundancy.
o Greater overall database organization.
o Data consistency within the database.
o Much more flexible database design.
o Enforces the concept of relational integrity.

Disadvantages of Normalization
o You cannot start building the database before knowing what
the user needs.
o The performance degrades when normalizing the relations to
higher normal forms, i.e., 4NF, 5NF.
o It is very time-consuming and difficult to normalize relations
of a higher degree.
o Careless decomposition may lead to a bad database design,
leading to serious problems.

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