2018 Version Quadratic Equations in One Unknown JERE Solving Quadratic Equations by Factor Method DBASE AE Solving Quadratic Equations by the Quadratic Formula DORADA Solving Quadratic Equations by the Graphical Method DBR ARE Nature of Roots ARE Introduction to Complex Number BANS Forming a Quadratic Equations with Given Roots AAC AMAE HOI Relation between Roots and Coefficients AAR Problems Leading to Quadratic Equations ROARSChapter 1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown —-JE—AHEE 1.1 Solving Quadratic Equations by Factor Method (Aixt 7862) ‘A. General Form of Quadratic Equation RFA — fest Def: The general form of a quadratic equation is given by ax? + bx +c = 0, where a0. EG: E61. 1 1. RHS must be zero 2. Usually, a, b and c are integer (#284) 3. Usually, a is positive (7E#2) Change the following quadratic equations into general form. a. 7x? +6x =20 b. 3x-2=x? 3x — 4x? qd.B. Roots of Quadratic Equation —-7¢ RAEN If there is a value x which satisfy the quadratic equation ax? + bx +c = 0, then we said that xis a root of the quadratic equation. C. Factor Method FAZVS}RRE EG1, A Factorization of quadratic expressions Factorize Factorize Factorize Factorize Factorize Factorize Factorize Factorize Factorize Factorize Factorize Factorize 2x? — 5x 2x? —3x 3x? — 12x x? 25 9x? 49. ax? P+ 4x +3 246x499 x? +3x-10 x? + 4x12 2x? + 3x—5 2x? + 7x +6 .Factor Method Thm: Ifa xb =0, then a=0 or 5 axb=0, fil a=0 sh Solve the following equations a x(x+2)=0 b. xe-7) =0 c. («+ 8)(x-4) =0 4. («+ 1)(2x-3) Solve the following equations a x? 4+3x=0 b. 3x? -2x=0 6x? +3x Solve the following equations a. x?-25=0 b. 25x24 c. 8x? d. x?-2=0 Solve the following equations 22+ 3x42 x?44x-5=0 x axt4 3x?-7x-6 =0 Solve the following equations a (&-D«et2=4 b. x(x+4) =x & (k+3)(K-1) = 2x43) 4 . (x +5)? = (2x +3)? [HKCEE 1998 P2 #10] Solve (x —1)(x—3) =1.2. Solving Quadratic Equations by the Quadratic Formula (2330) ‘A. Taking Square Root (C773) Thm: If x? = a, then () x= Vaor-Vaifa>0 (i) x=0ifa ii) __-no solutions if a <0 EG1. Solve the following equations EG2. Solve the following equations a. (x—5)?=25 b. (+3)? =16 « @-pP= d. 2-3)? = 24 e. (2x-1)?=0 f (x+2)?=-9 B. Solving Quadratic Equations by Completing the Square LiRCA ARETE A EG1: Solve the following equations by completing the square. a. x? 4x4 3=0 b. x24 12x+11=0 x? -6x+1=0 4x +6=0 G2: Solve the following equations by completing the square. a x743x-4=0 b. xttx—2 c axt?+x-3=0 £G3: Solve (x +2)(x—1) = 4 by completing the square,Extra Exercise Solving Quadratic Equations by Factor Method 1 Solve the following quadratic equations. (a) x?-8x+15=0 (b) 7 x43 Solve the following quadratic equations. (a) 2ix?=4-8x 5 b) x?+2x=1 (b) x7 42x Solve the following quadratic equations. (a) x(4x+5)=3x (b) (x+3)(2x-1)= (x43) Solve the following quadratic equations. (a) x(5x+3)=2x? (b) (x42)(8x+4)=(x+2)(2"-5) Solve the following quadratic equations. (a) 16x?-24x+9=0 (b) 49x? +14x41=0 Solve the following quadratic equations. (@) (x=2)* +4(x-2)+4=0 (6) 9x41)? -12(x+1)+4=0 Solve the following quadratic equations. (a) 49x*~9=0 * (b) 25-4(x+2) Solve the following quadratic equations. B45 EMS Lah @® (b) (m+3)(m—2)=2m(m-+3)10. 1. Solve the following quadratic equations. (a) (2x-3)? =(x+2)* (b) (y+4)?? =2(y+4)-1 Solve the following quadratic equations. @ (p-D(P+1) (b) y°-4=(y+2)(2y+5) (a) Solve 2x?—3x-14=0. (b) Hence, solve (29++5)'=7=3(2y+5) (a) Factorize 6x” +5ax—6a". (b) Hence, solve 6x? +55x-726=0.C. Solving Quadratic Equations by Quadratic Formula) Thm: — Given a quadratic equation ax? + bx + nosVbF=aae 2a This is called the quadratic formula =0, then EG1: Solve the following equation by quadratic formula a. x2 +5x+6=0 b. x?-4+3x—-4 c axttxn d. 4x?-25=0 £G2: Solve the following equation by quadratic formula x4x-3=0 x? $4xt1 x@42x-1= xP +Oxt4 3x? +4x+5=0 EG3: Solve the following equations by quadratic formula a. x(2-x) =3 b. (x-1)(x +3) EG4: Solve the following equations by quadratic formula a x? 4+V5x+1=0 b. x?-V6x-3=0 cx? —2V5x+3 0 Extra Exercise Solving Quadratic Equations by the Quadratic Formula 1. Solve the following quadratic equations. (@) 3x’-5x-2=0 (b) 9x°-6x+1=0 (©) 3x 44x4+2=0 Solve x(x +5)—x=7.Solve x(2x—1)=x+14. Solve (x~4)*=2x— 3. - Solve (3x+ 2) = (3x-+ 1)(2x +5). Solve the following quadratic equations using the quadratic formula. @) 12+15x+47=0 (b) 5x74+13x=6 Solve w-Ex-1=0 using the quadratic formula Solve the following quadratic equations using an appropriate method. (@) Gp+8)(p+2)=p'+4 (b) (m= 1)(m +1) =5m—3 (Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.) Solve x? wis = (2x+1)(¢—1) using an appropriate method. (Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures if necessary.)13. Solving Quadratic Equations by the Graphical Method (ij) A. Graph of Linear Equations G1: Plot the graph of y = 2x +1 fromx=-2tox=3 y=2x+1 x 2 1 0 1 2 3 y 98. Graph of Quadratic Equations y = ax? + bx +c EG1: a. Plot the graphof y=x?—2x +2 fromx=-2to b. Write down the y-intercept(Y #25) of the graph b. From the graph, y-intercept = 10£G2: a. Plot the graphof y = x’ b. Write down the x-intercepts and y-intercept of the graph 4x +4 fromx=-1tox=5 =[x)< 2 b. From the graph, x- intercepts = —____ y-intercept = uEG3: a, Plotthe graph of y= —x? + 6x —5 fromx=Otox= b. Write down the x-intercepts and y-intercept of the graph Sax? +6x-5 0 1 2 =|x]< 2 b. From the graph, x- intercepts = y-intercept = Remark For the graph of a quadratic equation y = ax? + bx +c, 1. yintercept 2. i) Open upwards (f&|_E HCI) when a>O {i) Open downwards ((&) FF) when a <0 2C. Solving Quadratic Equations from Graph EG1: The figure shows the graph of y Find the values of x when y= 0 6x+5 From the graph, x= orx=G2: Given the graph of y Solve x*—Sx+ b. Solve x? — 5x + c. Solve x?-5x+5=0 d. Solve x?—-6x+4=0 Ae yer Set7G3: The figure shows the graph of y= x? +ax+b a. Find the values of a and b b. Find the value of k. G4: [Modified from HKCEE 2001 P1 #23] In the figure, the graph y = 2x* —9x + 4 cuts the x-axis at A and B, and the y-axis at C. a. Find the coordinates (426%) of A, B and C. b. Find the area (iEiffi) of triangle ABC. yorb-on+4 Extra Exercise Solving Quadratic Equations by the Graphical Method 1 (a) Plot the graph of y = 2x7 + 3x-9 from x=—4 to x=2. (b) Hence, solve the equation 2x? +3x—9=0 graphically. @ Plot the graph of y = from x =—4 to x=2. 3? - 2x +2 (b) Hence, solve the equation —x ~ 2x-+2=0 graphically. 15(@) Plot the graph of y = 4x" — 28x + 49 from x=0tox=6. (b) Hence, solve the equation 4x? — 28x + 49 = 0 graphically. (a) Plot the graph of y =x? +x +3 from x=-3tox=2. (6) Hence, solve the equation x*+x+3=0 graphically. The figure shows the graph of y=-2x + bx+ 1. It cuts the x-axis at two points A and B, and passes through the point C(1,-2). ye Bee beet (@) Find the value of b. (b) Find the coordinates of A and B. (@) Plot the graph of y = -2x7 + 7x -5 fromx=0tox=4 [Suggestion: Scale for x-axis is 10 divisions (Lem) = 1 unit; scale for y-axis is 10 divisions (1 cm) = 2 units} (b) Hence, solve the equation ~2x' +7x—5=0 graphically. 16(a) Plot the graph of y =—4x* - 4x —1 from x=~2 to x=2. [Suggestio: Scale for x-axis is 10 divisions (1 em) = 1 unit; scale for y-axis is 10 divisions (1 cm) = 5 units} (b) Hence, solve the equation 4x(x +1) =—1 graphically. ‘The figure shows the graph of y=2x ~x—10. It cuts the x-axis at two points Pand R, and passes through the point $(3, k). (a) Find the value of k. (b) Find the coordinates of P and R. (©) Find the area of APRS. v71.4. Nature of Roots (Number of Roots) of Quadratic Equations A. Nature of Roots of a Quadratic Equation Recall that the solutions of a quadratic equations ax? + bx +c = 0 is given by Soars 2a x= ‘The nature of roots of the equation depends on the value of b? ~ 4ac ‘PRAOEE BT ARB cab? — 4achett b? 4c Def: The discriminant (J: i!zt) of ax? + bx +c = 0, denoted by A, is given by Nature of roots of ax* + bx +c =0 [ A= b? — 4ac Nature (Numbers) of roots 2 unequal (distinct) real roots 2 ABR BIESIR 2 equal (double, repeated) real roots 2 (BSR 2 real roots 2 fe No real roots ABR 8EG1: G2: £G3: EGA: EGS: EGE: EG7: EGS: EG9: Find the discriminant of the following quadratic equations. a. x?-7x+10=0 b, 2x2-5x-3=0 cx 4+8=5x Determine the nature of roots of the following equations a. 9x? +6x+1=0 b. 3x7+9x-1=0 © 2x?7-5x+4=0 If the equations x? + 6x +k =0 has two equal real roots (2 (SEE 848), find the value of k. If the equations 2x? + 8x + k = 0 has two unequal real roots (2 (H\7°#H/E)4IHR), find the range of k. If the equations kx? + 6x — 3 = 0 hasno real roots (}2# BE#R), find the range of k.. ~~ Ifthe equations 2x? +k = 4x — 1 has real roots (#48), find the range of k. If the equations x? + (k +1)x +4 =0 has two equal real roots (2 (aii 2¢EEtH), find the value of k. yy-$ Hence, solve the equation. 9 ) [2 Find the range of k if the quadratic equation kx? + (2k —1)x+(k—2)=0 has distinct (F(E)) real roots. - ‘Show (E58) that the equation x? + (ke + 1)x + (k — 3) = 0 has distinct real roots for all values of k Extra Exercise Nature of Roots 1 Given that the quadratic equation kx? ~ 6x-+ 1=0 has a double real root, (@) find the value of k, (b) find the root of the equation. 19If the quadratic equation (k-+2)x? +5x—4=0 has no real roots, find the range of possible values of k. If the quadratic equation 36x” ~ &x + m=0 has two distinct real roots, find the range of possible values of m. If the graph of y = 9x* + 6kx + 16 touches the x-axis at one point, find the possible value(s) of k. Ifthe graph of y= 5x —4x+(2k—1) intersects the x-axis, find the range of possible values of k. If the graph of y = 2x7 + 3x — (3k- 1) cut the x-axis at two points, (a) find the range of possible values of k, (b) find the x-intercepts of the graph whe kis the smallest positive integer in (a Consider the quadratic equation 2k? + 7x+4=0. (a) Find the discriminant of the equation in terms of k. (b) Find the range of possible values of k if the equation has (no real roots, (ii) real roots. If the graph of y = kx — 4x + 16 does not intersect the x-axis, find the range of possible values of k. If the graph of y= x(x + 8) + 2k has two x-intercepts, find the largest integral value of k, 210. The figure shows the graph of y= 4x + 12x-+3k which touches the x-axis at one point P. yo dx? s 12+ 3k (@) Find the value of k (b) Find the coordinates of P. 11. Itis given that the quadratic equation k 2° —2x=7 has two distinct real roots. (a). Find the range of possible values of k (b) Hence, find the x-intercepts of the graph of y=—x? t2xe8 for the of | smallest integral value of k in (a). (Leave your answers in surd form if necessary.) aB. Graph of a Quadratic Equation Recall that the xintercepts of the graph of y=ax?+bx-+c represent the roots of the ax? + bx +¢ = 0. Since we can determine the nature of roots of the equation ax? + bx +¢=0 by the discriminant (A= b® —4ac) of the equation, we can also determine the numbers of x-intercepts of the graph by the discriminant. { Discriminant Nature (Number) of roots| Number of x-intercept of (A= b? — 4ac) ax? +bx+c=0 y=ax?tbxte 2EG1: Show that the graph of y = 3x? + 12x +12 touches the x-axis at one point only (IX #if AREA) G2: Show that the graph of y = —x* + 8x —17 lies below the x-axis for all values of x ([BI{S# FEXZP) £G3: The graph of y = 2x? — 12x +k touches the x-axis at one point (—Bii) P. a. Find the value of k. b. Find the coordinates (#4) of P. EG4a: The graphof y =x? + (2k — 1)x +k? cut (#132) the x-axis for all values of x. a. Find the range of values of k. b. Find the x-intercepts of the graph when k is the largest integer (2 Af9#E#z)found in a. EGS: ifthe graph of y = (2k — 1)x* + 3x + 6 lies above the x-axis (¢£ X #42 +) for all values of x, find the range of k. 2315 Introduction to Complex Numbers #2800652 ‘A. Imaginary Numbers HE Lei “i” be a number such that i? = —1, then iis called the imaginary unit. BY BER Be =-11 BOOS EG1: Simplify the following imaginary numbers a. ¥=9+V=16 b. 2V=4-V=64 ce [-$+ -2 a. v=3- [-2 B. Complex Numbers #218 Def: Let z= a + bi be a complex number. Then a is called the real part of z and it denoted by Re {2}, and bis called the imaginary part of z and is denoted by Im (2). BL rsa+bi BSE a AAPL b A RRES. £G1: For each of the following numbers, determine whether it is a real number, imaginary number and complex number. HAUL FB Numbers Real number? | Imaginary ‘Complex ae ig Number?itw@i? | number? #84? 3 V3 ol=|=Jele=]> i FyC. Operation of Complex Number #2 #4738 5 EG1: £G2: £G3: EGa: EGS: £66: EG7: £G8: EG9: EG10: eG11: Given that a and b are real numbers. If 3a + i= 9 —bi, find the values of a and b. Ekle fil b ERB. G 3at+i=9-bi, Ka filb. PFT Given that x and y are real numbers. If (x + y) + (x—y)i = 3 + 5i, find the values of x and y. BAI x Aly SBR (x+y) + (x-yli=3+5i, Rx Aly. ‘Simplify the following expressions a. (443i) +(3-7i) b. (4-3i)-2(4-1) Simplify (2 + 31)(4—Si) Simplify (4 + 31)(4- 31) Simplify (2 + Si)? + (5 — 21)? simplify 4 simplify = aya en? simplify Given that a and b are real numbers. If (1 +2i)(a + bi) = 1 + 7i, find the values of a and b. Bila Alb SEB FS (1+2i)(a+bi)=1+7i, Ka fb. Given that x and y are real numbers. If —— lai = Far find the values of xand y. a wai EAR x fl y ABER Rx Aly. 25D. Quadratic Equations with complex Roots. 2A W4fiLA)—70. RTE. £G1: Find the complex roots of the following quadratic equations RAE STATLER, a x?42x4+8=0 b, 2x? -2x+3=0 c. x(1—x) =2 £G2: Given that 1 +i is a root of the quadratic equation x? — 2x +k = 0, where k is a real constant. Find the value of k and the other root of the equation. EAD 141 By x? 2x +k = 0 BYSEE—EIL, A k EAB OR k MER AR £G3: If a + is a root of the quadratic equation x* — 2x + b = 0, where a and b are real constants, find the value of a and b. Eilati Mx? -2x+b=0 ABI, Mo a Al b ABE a Alb AYE G4: _Findall the complex roots of the equation (x? + 2x)? — (x? + 2x)-6=0 BE (x? + 2x)? — (x? + 2x)—6 = 0, TEDURRLRANER. EGS: Find the complex roots of the equation (1 — Dx? + (1+ 2i)x- REG — x? +(1+2i)x-1=0 , TEDRTE. | G6: Given that z® = 3 — 4i. By expressing z = a + bi, find the value of z if and and b are integers. Bl 22 =3-401 +bi RE, Ha Alb SHB. LR 2 HEEL Extra Exercise Introduction of Complex Numbers. 1 ‘Simplify each of the following expressions. (@ V36+N516 () 2. Simplify each of the following expression, @? © * 263. Solve the following quadratic equations, and express your answers in the form a + bi. (a) (x+3/°+9=0 (b) t+4x+8=0 4. Find the values of the real numbers a and b if 20—3ai = —-10b + 214. 5, Simplify and express each of the following in the form a + bi. (@) (-5-3i)+(4412i) () (7-6i)-(11-9) ‘Simplify and express each of the following in the form a + bi. @ iGi-si*) (b) 4-31)(244) © Gti? 7 Simplify and express each of the following in the form a + bi. 2i ay ® 1438 3428 OF 8 Find the values of the real numbers xk yi (@) (Qx+5i)-(G-y)=1, @ SeLbee Sei 9. Simplify and express each of the following in the forma bi, (@ (8-3/)-G+4)0-4/) G-0e-) Li © (=) 1 10. Solve the equation x*+2x?—15: express your answers in the form a+bi, 1 (b) 2711. 16 Def: EG1: G2: EG3: EGa: EGS: EG6: 1f-2~ 3iisa root of the quadratic equation x? +ax+b=0, find the values of the real numbers a and b. Forming a Quadratic Equations with Given Roots (1) AERA — TOE ‘The quadratic equation with root a and Bis Form a quadratic equation in general form and in x whose roots are -5 and 1 DAIL X BRAS 1 AE Form a quadratic equation in general form and in x whose roots are 2 and 3. DAS RSMAS 2 BH on i 2 1 Form a quadratic equation in general form and in x whose roots are > and — 7. RSE x HARA BE AL } Form a quadratic equation in general form and in x whose roots are 345 5 and 3-5. Dif X FRAG + VERS — VERT ITE Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are reciprocals of the roots of the equation 2x? + 72x — 4 = 0, and write the equation in the general form. SAAR X ELLA? + 7x — 4 = OBIT TAZ Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are reciprocals of the roots of the equation x? — 2V2x + 1 = 0, and write the equation in the general form. DARE x PRLAR ax? — 22x + 1 = OBITS - 28Extra Exercise Forming a Quadratic Equation with Given Roots 1 Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are —2 and 3, and write the equation in the general form. Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are -2 and ~4, and write the equation in the general form. Form a quadratic equation in x whose 4 roots are ~ and 2, and write the equation in the general form. Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are the reciprocals of the roots of 3x7 — 11x —4=0, and write the equation in the general form. Form a quadratic equation in x whose 2 roots are ; and~2, and write the equation in the general form. Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are the reciprocals of the roots of (6x-+ D(e-+ 2) = 0, and write the equation in the general form. (@) Solve 8x? + dx 15=0. (b) Hence, form a quadratic equation in xx whose roots are half the roots of 8x + 14x — 15 = 0, and write the ‘equation in the general form. =0. (@) Solve 6x? -7x— (b) Hence, form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are the squares of the roots of 6x? - 7x~-3=0, and write the equation in the general form. 2917 Relation between Roots and Coefficients AFLABAT BR ‘A. Sum and Product of Roots MUfRATHI MAHAR ATE Suppose a and B are the roots of the quadratic equation ax® + bx + c = 0, we have: El a A BA fBax? + bx +c = OFF, cAI a, Sum of Roots (MIHHAYAI!: = a+ B=—2 b. Product of Roots (MifEaY#H): aB = EG1: __Find the sum of roots and the product of roots of the following equations. ROL PS MALO RR a att ax43 b. 4x2 46x-1=0 2x? —2V3x+1= £G2: Given that a and B are the roots of the equation 2x* + 6x — 7 = 0. Find the values of BK a Al BOAO FB2x? + 6x —7 = OFF, RA PBL a a+B b. of ©. 2a+28 £G3: Given that a and B are the roots of the equation 2x? + 7x + 4 = 0. Find the values of ELI a Al BA ARAAEIN? + 7x +4 = OFTHE, RA BU a (a+ 1(6 +1) b. (@-4)(B-4) c. «B+ ap? Oat G4: Given that a and B are the roots of the equation 3x? + 6x — 1 = 0. Find the values of ERI a Fl B ROK ATAESx? + 6x — 1 = OFYER, EDL PBC a ot+ BP Hye b. G+ c («-B)* 30EGS: EG6: EG7: EGS: EG9: £G10: EG11: EG12: G13; Given that a and B are the roots of the equation 2x? — 7x + 4 = 0. Find the values of ERI a Ail BE IRIFEE2x? — 7x + 4 = OF, RL PR a. (e—B)? b. a+ B? Given that a and B are the roots of the equation 2x? — the values of El o Al BROKEN? — 4x — 3 = OAL, ROM FRE a «8 b. oct ps Let a and B are the roots of the equation 2x? — 5x +k =0, if (2 « +1)(2B + 1) = 10, find the value of k. BR a Al B BAH Ax? — Sx +k = OTE, 452 & +1)(2B + 1) = 10, Kk. Let a and B are the roots of the equation 2x? + kx +3 =0. If «?+ f? = 6, find the value(s) of k ER o A BE OAAABAx? + kx +3 = OME, Bo?+ p? = 6, Kk If one roots of 2x? — 12x +k = 0 Is twice (2 fff) the other, find the value of k. Hence solve the equation (Et 827742). If one root of the equation 3x? ~ 8x + (k ~ 2) = 0 is the reciprocal ({8I@) of the other root, find the value of k. Hence, solve the equation, 33x? — Bx + (k— 2) = OAL PARTIR, SR ky EL rz. Given that a® = 4b +1. Prove that the roots of x? +ax +b =0 differ by 1, Eifla? = 4b +1. HEBAX? + ax + b = OfINI(ERARSE 1. Given that the graph of y = ax? + bx — 20 cuts the x-axis at (-2,0) and (10,0), find the values of a and b. ify = ax? + bx — 20911 x SHfS3EHN-2, 0)2(10, 0), 2K a Fil b ANE Given that the graph of the equation x? Find the length of AB. idx? — Sx — 7 x SFESEHS A AUB, OR AB REE 5x —7 cuts the x-axis at two points A and B. a1EG1a: EG15: EG16: [HKCEE 1995 P2 #39) Ifaand B are the roots of the equation x? — 4x — 3 = 0, then x +0¢ 8 + B? Fa Fl BAN? — 4x — 3 = ONE, Fill? +0 B + ? = [HKCEE 2001 P2 #39] i en a? + 40+1=0 fing a2 4 b2 Ifa, b are distinct (4° #{]/=]49) real numbers and ie + 4b + 0 find a? + b?. So fp werearmeerm (0, + 404150 op a2 02, (HKCEE 2003 P2 #41] Let k be a constant. If a and B are the roots of the equation x? - 3x +k =0, then a+ 3B = Hah B Ex? 3x tk = HAE, Rots 3p = Extra Exercise Relation between Roots and Coefficients 1 Consider the quadratic equation ke? + (2k +3)x—6= 0. It is given that the sum of its roots is -5. (a) Find the value of k. (b) Hence, find the roots of the equation. Ifa: and 0: + 3 are the roots of the quadratic equation 4x” — 8x ~ k= 0, find the values of orand k, If one root of the quadratic equation 2° + (k— Lx + 2 = 0 is half the other root, find the possible value(s) of k. Thar and B are the roots of the quadratic equation x’ ~ 8x-2=0, find the values of the following expressions. @ (@+if+1) (b) © 2if and B are the roots of the quadratic equation 2x? — 6x ~3=O and a > B, find the values of the following expressions. (Leave your answers in surd form if necessary.) @ e+e (o) (@-By © ¢- ‘The figure shows the graph of y =x — 8x + (2k +1). It cuts the x-axis at two points (a, 0) and BiB, 0). If af? +0°B=72, find the value of k y yor? 0x4 (2k) fone root of the quadratic equation (k—4)x? + (k+3)x+3=0 is the reciprocal of the other root, (@) find the value of k, (bp). hence, find the sum of the roots. Consider the quadratic equation 2ke — (3k + 2)x— 10 = 0. If the sum of i roots is greater than the product of its 7 roots by 7, ae (@)_ find the value of & (b) hence, find the roots of the equation 3310. If @ and B are the roots of the quadratic equation 2x7 +.x~4=0, find the values of the following expressions. (a) (4a-3)(48-3) (o) +6 a8 © 3 + (d) (a-f)2B-ce) The figure shows the graph of y= 4x7 + 2(k + 2)x— 5. It cuts the x-axis at two points A and B, and OA: OB=1:5 Find the value of k YR WHEL 2h4 DX 8 34B. Forming a Quadratic Equations with Given Roots (2), Suppose a and B are the roots of a quadratic equation, then the equation can be written as Ho Al RRA RTO x? —(a+)x + (aB) = 0 or x? — (Sum of Roots)x + (Product of Roots) = 0 EG1: Forma quadratic equation in x whose roots are 2 and -3, DLAI X POA 2 3 EE 4 = £G2: Forma quadratic equation in x whose roots are 4 and 2 LARC x RELL 4 BSA HAL £G3: Forma quadratic equation in x whose roots are 3+ V5 and 3—VS. DA ARSRE X HELARASS + VERS — VSHIFTE EG4: Forma quadratic equation in x whose roots are 2v3 +2 and 2V3 —2 DL ABEL: X FEHR AB2V3 + 2R2V3 — 2A EGS: Given that a +b = 2 and ab = -6. Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are 2a and 2b. Eilatb=2 J ab= LAB X FEMA 2a Be 2b IAAL EGE: Given that a and are the roots of x? — 4x + 1 = 0. Form a quadratic equation with roots «+1 and B+1. EL A Bx? — 4 +1 = OFTHE, BAX ALARA SHH HTB + EOE EG7; Given that a and B are the roots of 2x? — 4x — 1 = 0. Form a quadratic equation with roots «? and 6. 2A cil BE2x? — 4x — 1 = OMI, DLX ARSC? BBS EG8: Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are the reciprocal of the roots of the equation 2x? +6x—3 =0 DAX Al ARSR SA? + 6x — 3 = OBIBLETIIEZ 35Extra Exercise Forming a Quadratic Equations with Given Roots 2 1 Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are 4+V7 and 4-7. Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are 2+3y5 and 2-35. If@ and B ate the roots of the quadrati equation x7 + 3x~7 = 0, form a quadrativ equation in x whose roots are a + 3 anc p43. Ifa and B are the roots of the quadratic equation 2x* — 6x —7 = 0, form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are 1 - 2c and 1-28. Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are greater than the reciprocals of the roots of x*—6x—5=Oby 1 If @ and B are the roots of the quadratic equation 3x7 ~ 9x — 2 = 0, form quadratic equations in x with the following roots. (@) 30-5,38-5 ta b) a © mF Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are less than the squares of the roots of 4x? + 5x—8 =0 by 2. Tis given that 2 and a are the roots of the @ quadratic equation 6x" —7x=2=0. (@) Find the values of +B and of. (b) Form a quadratic equation in x whose roots are ar and B 3618 EG1: EG2: £G3: EGa: gS: EGe: Problems Leading to Quadratic Equations FOES The sum of two numbers is 15. a. Ifxis one of the numbers, express the other umber in terms of x. b. ‘The product of the number is 56. Find the two numbers. TRL ALE 15. a a Gx Reh —By Dix Rae. b. BHA 56, NPT.) The product of two consecutive numbers is 132. Find the two numbers. RRL Fits 132, SRI R 1 The sum of the squares of two consecutive number is 61. Find the two numbers. SRSA ZAI 61, RISERS. Judy is 2 years younger than Sam. The sum of the square of their ages is 100, a. If Judy is x years old, express Sam’s age in terms of x. b. How old are Judy and Sam? FNS ae. PS EEF ZA 100 8. BERBATSEG By x BR, DA x Reap) AAR. b. RAI AREEE. A rectangular lawn with dimension 30m x 40m is surrounded by a path with a uniform width of xm. a. Express the area of the path in terms of x. b. Ifthe area of the path is 800m’, find the value of x. —H SaAy SIE 30m x 40m, 38K BS AERRRE AS x m Yi a. Dix 7k /MRAEI > 5 b. SS/)MEATTBLE 800m*, 38 x Af. ‘The figure shows two square ABCD and PORS. The side of ABCD is 7em a. Find the area of /\APS in terms of x. 4 Se b. Of the area of PORS is 29cm’, find the value of x. ich ASRIBLE 777 ABCD Bk PORS. i} ABCD AUREL Tem al — a. DL x Se7RAAPS BUA. ly , a b. 25 PORS AYIRIERE 29cm", 3K x HEH. ¢ Bam =o c ee 37G7: EG8: ‘A square of side 5 cm is cut away from each corner of a square cardboard with side x cm. The cardboard is then folded up to form a box. a. Find the length of the base of the boxin terms of x. b. If the volume of the box is 1125cm’, find the value of x. SRE RE RAS xem, (ESBS PSR Sem HEA, ak-heF a Dixie eae b. SSORGARTR AS 1125cm’, 3 x ‘A.wire of length 40cm is cut into two wires and bent to form two square A and B. ‘a. Let xem be the length of A. i. Find the perimeter of the square A. li, Hence, express the length of B in terms of x. b. The sum of the area of A and B is 52 cm’, find the lengths of the square A and B respectively. ARR 40cm RRR, WAAR RBIETTY A AB a. BRA AYER AS x cm. ii, SRA AYR. wv. FBR B AER. b. AA B BYEZ FX 52 om’, S838 A Al B UBER. 40cm xem 38Extra Exercise Problems Leading to Quadratic Equations 1 ‘The sum of two consecutive positive 1 integers is less than = of their product by 7. Find the two integers. "| ‘The figure shows a garden FEDG. The width of the path is x m, AB = 10 mand AH=6m. AK 8m —ai Fr 3 z xm + ie 5 hy) 100] yYYv ee 3 (a) Express the area of the path in terms of x. x-ry >) (b) If the area of the path is 36 m’, find the value of x. In the figure, AABCis a right-angled triangle, where ZB=90°, AB= (4x~ 1) emi, BC=2x em and AC= (4x41) cm. ce o> wt 2xem a (x= Tom ZI (a) Find the value of x. (b) Find the area of AABC. 39Referring to the figure, A, B and C are three places. At 1:00 p.m., Danny cycles for half an hour from A to B at a constant speed. Then, he cycles for half an hour from B to C at a constant speed, which is faster than that from A to B by 14 km/h. At 2:30 p.m., Danny cycles from C to A ata constant speed of 34 km/h and arrives at A at 3:00 p.m. Find the speed of Danny when he cycles from A to B. B 34 kmh c The sum of the squares of two consecutive positive odd numbers is 74. Find the two integers. ‘A man is 40 years older than his son. Seven years later, the square of his son’s age is equal to twice the man’s age. Find the age of the son now. A wire of length 162 cm is cut into two parts. ‘The first part is bent to form a rectangle with width 16 cm. The second part is bent to form a square. If the area of the rectangle is equal to the area of the square, find the perimeter of the square.