NAME: SABIKA RASHEED
DEPARTMENT: RESPIRATORY THERAPY
SEMESTER: 2ND
ROLL NO: ZAS/BS/RTS/01206/2024
SUBMITTED TO: MISS HUMA NAQVI
1. Keyboard:
A keyboard is a peripheral input device used to enter text, commands, and
data into a computer. It is one of the most common ways for users to interact
with computers, allowing them to type, navigate, and execute commands.
2. Hardware:
Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system. These
tangible parts work together to perform various computing tasks and support
the operation of software.
Key Components of Hardware:
Central Processing Unit (CPU): The brain of the computer that processes
instructions and performs calculations.
Memory (RAM): Temporary storage that holds data and instructions for quick
access by the CPU during operation.
Storage Devices: Hard drives (HDD), solid-state drives (SSD), and external
drives used for storing data permanently.
Motherboard: The main circuit board that connects all the computer's
components, including the CPU, RAM, and storage.
Input Devices: Keyboards, mice, scanners, and other devices that allow users
to interact with the computer.
Output Devices: Monitors, printers, and speakers that display or output data
from the computer.
Functions of Hardware:
Input Processing: Accepts user input through devices like keyboards and
mice.
Data Storage and Retrieval: Saves and accesses data as needed for
operations.
Execution of Instructions: Runs commands and software programs to perform
tasks.
Communication: Facilitates data exchange between different components
and connected devices.
3. Software:
Software is a set of instructions or programs that tell hardware how to
perform specific tasks. It serves as an interface between the user and the
computer, enabling the execution of various functions.
Types of Software:
System Software: Includes operating systems (e.g., Windows, macOS, Linux)
that manage hardware resources and provide essential functions.
Application Software: Programs designed for specific tasks such as word
processing (Microsoft Word), web browsing (Google Chrome), and gaming.
Utility Software: Tools that help maintain, analyze, and optimize computer
performance, such as antivirus software and disk cleanup tools.
Functions of Software:
Managing Hardware: Software controls how hardware resources are used,
such as memory allocation and processor management.
User Interaction: Provides interfaces (GUIs) for users to interact with the
computer, such as desktops, icons, and menus.
Task Automation: Automates repetitive tasks, like calculations, document
formatting, and data analysis.
Data Management: Software manages the storage, retrieval, and
modification of data.
