ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
EXPERIMENT 4
Redox Titration
MSc. Bui Xuan Anh Dao
Redox Titration
• To determine concentration of a solution, based
on a redox reaction between the analyte and
titrant
• Can be used to analyze for any oxidizing or
reducing agent.
Redox reaction? Oxidizing/ reducing agent?
Redox Titration
• REDOX REACTION (Oxidation - Reduction Reaction)
A reaction in which electrons are transferred between
species or in which atoms change oxidation number
2KMnO4 + 5H2C2O4 + 3H2SO4 10CO2 + K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O
• Oxidation number of single ions is equal to the charge on
the ion
Redox Titration
• REDOX REACTION (Oxidation - Reduction Reaction)
A reaction in which electrons are transferred between
species or in which atoms change oxidation number
+7 +3 +4 +2
2KMnO4 + 5H2C2O4 + 3H2SO4 10CO2 + K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O
• Oxidation number of single ions is equal to the charge on
the ion
+7 +3 +4 +2
2KMnO4 + 5H2C2O4 + 3H2SO4 10CO2 + K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O
OXIDATION REDUCTION
reducing oxidizing
agent. agent.
REDUCING OXIDIZING
AGENT AGENT
+7 +3 +4 +2
2KMnO4 + 5H2C2O4 + 3H2SO4 10CO2 + K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O
OXIDATION REDUCTION
the loss of the gain of
electrons electrons
C+3 C+4 + e- Mn+7 + 5e- Mn+2
reducing oxidizing
agent. agent. KMNO4
REDUCING OXIDIZING
AGENT AGENT
Compound that loses Compound that
electrons gains electrons
Redox Titration
• Many redox reactions are either slow or have
inconsistent stoichiometry. The stability of titrant
and analyte solutions can also be a problem .
• Back titration: instead of titrating the original
sample, a known excess of standard reagent is
added to the solution, and the excess is titrated
Experiment
• Determine the mass of ascorbic acid (C6H8O6) in a
vitamin C tablet by applying redox titration.
• In this titration, iodine plays a role as reducing agent,
so that the method is also called iodometric titration.
• As the low solubility of iodine, the experiment will be
performed by generation of known excess quantity
iodine by the reaction between iodide and iodate
Experiment – part 1
1. Prepare chemical
– 250ml 1M KI solution (1 groups do preparation)
– 250ml 0.01 M KIO3 solution (3 groups)
– KI and KIO3 need to store in brown Duran
2. Standardize with Na2S2O3 solution
10ml 0.01M KIO3
+ 5ml 1M KI
10ml 0.5M H2SO4
IO3- + 8I- + 6H+ -> 3I3- + H2O (1)
Reaction
Then titrate with Na2S2O3
2S2O32- + I3- -> S4O62- + 3I- (2)
Add 2ml starch as indicator -> titrate ->
Experiment – part 2
1. Prepare 250ml 0.3M H2SO4 from 0.5M H2SO4 (had
prepared) (1 groups)
2. Prepare sample solution from Vitamin C capsule
• Weigh 1 tablet
• 100mg powder of sample -> 100ml 0.3 M H2SO4 -> 250ml
solution (2 groups)
1 2
Weighing Add 100 mg of Vit.C
tablet of Vit. C powder
250-mL
Beaker
Grind into powder
+ 100 ml 0.3M
H2SO4
Add DI
water to
Weighing 100 mg of
250 ml
Vit.C powder
250-mL Volumetric flask
Experiment – part 2
3. Iodometric titration between ascorbic acid and iodine
solution
• 20ml sample solution + 5ml 1M KI + 20ml 0.01M KIO3
Then titrate with Na2S2O3 solution. Add 2ml starch indicator
before end point.
• Repeat 5 times
Reactions
• IO3- + 8I- + 6H+ -> 3I3- + H2O (1)
• C6H8O6 + I3- + H2O → C6H6O6 + 3I- + 2H+ (2)
• 2S2O32- + I3- -> S4O62- + 3I- (3)
Report
1. Determine the mass of Vitamin C per capsule and
percentage by mass of vitamin C per capsule.
2. Compare with information on label of tablet’s
container.
3. Provide reaction equators and full calculation
Note: Be carefull with calculation. Follow the procedure
carefully step by step for calculation.
Further question
1. What is reducing/ oxidizing agent/ oxidation / reduction
process/ redox reaction/iodometric titration?
2. When will we use back titration / redox titration?
3. Why is H2SO4 added for the titration?
4. What gives the blue color of the titration
5. Why do not add starch from the beginning of titration
process? Why do we have to add starch just before the
endpoint?
6. Why do we need to contain KI and KIO3 in the brown
Duran?
Video links
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RKR0XFFcbnk&ab_channel=
JeffreyMills
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lkJyP6OYmAY&ab_channel=
KEGSChemistry
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nO0eiMaUrSA&ab_channel=
ChrisAmbidge
