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Mini

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bennyk062
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Transforming Mental Healthcare: Deep Learning for

Accurate Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment


Recommendation
Mini report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
in
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

by
Pogiri Sai Kiran 218W1A0546
Katarapu Prudhvi 218W1A0525
Kare Dhavan 218W1A0524

Under the Guidance of Mrs P. Dhanavanthani ,


Assistant Professor

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND


ENGINEERING V.R SIDDHARTHA ENGINEERING
COLLEGE

Autonomous and Approved by AICTE, NAAC A+, NBA Accredited


Affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada
Vijayawada 520007
2024
V.R. SIDDHARTHA ENGINEERING COLLEGE
(AUTONOMOUS)
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Mini Project-1 Report entitled ” Transforming Mental Healthcare:

Deep Learning for Accurate Diagnosis and Personalized Treatment Recommendation ”


being submitted by Pogiri SaiKiran(218W1A0546) , Katarapu Prudhvi (218W1A0525) , Kare
Dhavan (218W1A0524) in partial fulfillment for the award of the Degree of Bachelor of
Technology in Computer Science and Engineering to the Jawaharlal Nehru Technological
University, Kakinada is a record of bonafide work carried out under my guidance and
supervision.

Mrs P. Dhanavanthani Dr. D Rajeswara Rao


Asst Professor & Guide Professor & Head of the Department
DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the EPICS project entitled Transforming Mental

Healthcare: Deep Learning for Accurate Diagnosis and Personalized


Treatment Recommendation submitted for the B.Tech Degree is our original work,
and the dissertation has not formed the basis for the award of any degree, associateship,
fellowship or any other similar titles.

Place: Vijayawada
Date: 24-04-2024
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Behind every achievement lies an unfathomable sea of gratitude to those who activated it,
without whom it would ever have come into existence. To them we lay the words of
gratitude imprinted with us.
We would like to thank our respected Principal, Dr. A.V. Ratna Prasad and Dr.
D. Rajeswara Rao, Head of the Department, Computer Science and Engineering for their
support throughout our Project.
It is our sincere obligation to thank our guide, Mrs P. Dhanavanthani,
Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, for her timely
valuable guidance and suggestions for this Project.
We owe our acknowledgements to an equally long list of people who helped us
in this Project. Finally, we wish to thank all the supporting staff who gave us facility in lab
for the completion of this Project.

Place: Vijayawada
Date: 21-06-2023
Pogiri Sai Kiran (218W1A0546)
Katarapu Prudhvi (218W1A0525)
Kare Dhavan (218W1A0524)
Abstract

Accurate diagnosis and effective treatment recommendation for mental disorders pose significant
challenges in healthcare. Despite advancements, human accuracy in diagnosis remains low, and
traditional machine learning (ML) approaches on medical claims data for depression screening
still report suboptimal accuracy metrics. In this study, we investigate the potential of deep learning
methodologies to address these challenges. Our approach involves training a multi-layer neural
network on raw medical data, enabling it to uncover hidden patterns without explicit feature
selection. By integrating Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Bidirectional Encoder
Representations from Transformers (BERT), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks
using bagging techniques, we develop a web based platform for accurately detecting mental
disorders. Users provide input to the platform, which enhances diagnosis accuracy and treatment
recommendation. This research aims to significantly improve the accuracy in the predicting the
mental disorder by providing precise and personalized mental disorder diagnosis and treatment
recommendations. The integration of deep learning techniques offers a promising avenue for
enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of mental health diagnosis and treatment recommendation,
thus addressing critical gaps in current healthcare practices.

Keywords: Mental disorders, Diagnosis accuracy, multi-layer neural network, Convolutional Neural
Networks (CNN), Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), Long Short-
Term Memory (LSTM), Bagging techniques.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

S.NO TITLE PAGE NO

1 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Basic Concepts 1

1.2 Motivation 1

1.3 Problem Statement 2

1.4 Objectives 2

1.5 Scope 3

1.6 Advantages 3

2 LITERATURE REVIEW 4

2.1 A Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Approaches on Mental 4


Health Diagnosis

2.2 Evaluation of deep learning-based depression detection using medical claims 4


data

2.3 A hybrid model for depression detection using deep learning 5

2.4 Electroencephalography-Based Depression Detection Using Multiple 6


Machine Learning Techniques

2.5 Depression Detection in Speech Using Transformer and Parallel 6


Convolutional Neural Networks

2.6 Mental Health Prediction Using Machine Learning 7

2.7 Depression Detection From Social Networks Data Based on Machine 7


Learning and Deep Learning Techniques: An Interrogative Survey

3 REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS 8

3.1 Software Development Life Cycle 8


3.2 Software Requirement Analysis 8

3.3 Functional Requirements 9

3.4 Non-Functional Requirements 9

3.5 Software Requirements 9

3.6 Software Design 10

3.6.1 Usecase Diagram 11

3.6.2 Activity Diagram 12

3.6.3 Sequence Diagram 13

4 PROPOSED SYSTEM 14

4.1 Proposed Model 14

4.2 Model Architecture 14

4.3 Building Models 15

4.4 Dataset 15

5 RESULT AND ANALYSIS 16

5.1 Results and Analysis 16

5.2 Outputs 18

6 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK 20

6.1 Conclusion and Future Work 20

7 REFERENCES 21
APPENDICES

APPENDIX CONTENTS PAGE NO

A Plagarism Report for Documentation 22

B Plagarism Report for Code


Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Basic Concepts
Deep Mental Disorder Diagnosis Challenges:
Traditional methods for diagnosing mental disorders often lack accuracy, leading to significant
challenges in healthcare. Human accuracy in diagnosis remains low, and existing machine
learning approaches using medical claims data show suboptimal results for depression
screening.

Deep Learning Methodologies:


Deep learning techniques, including Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Bidirectional
Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)
networks, are employed to address these challenges. Deep learning allows the model to
uncover hidden patterns directly from raw medical data without the need for explicit feature
selection.

Integration of Deep Learning Techniques:


The model integrates multiple deep learning techniques using bagging techniques. This
integration enhances the model's ability to extract intricate patterns and insights from medical
data, leading to improved diagnostic accuracy.

Web-Based Platform:
The developed model is implemented as a web-based platform where users can input data for
diagnosis. This platform aims to provide precise and personalized mental disorder diagnosis
and treatment recommendations, thereby improving overall healthcare efficiency and accuracy.

Promise for Healthcare:


By leveraging deep learning methodologies, the research aims to bridge critical gaps in current
healthcare practices related to mental health diagnosis and treatment. The ultimate goal is to
significantly improve the well-being of individuals by providing more accurate and effective
healthcare solutions.

1.2 Motivation
The motivation behind developing a deep learning-based model for accurately diagnosing and

1
recommending treatment for mental disorders stems from the persistent challenges faced in
healthcare. Despite advancements, traditional methods for diagnosing mental disorders still
exhibit low accuracy, and existing machine learning approaches often fall short in effectively
leveraging medical data for accurate screening. By harnessing the power of deep learning
methodologies such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Bidirectional Encoder
Representations from Transformers (BERT), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)
networks, this study seeks to revolutionize mental health diagnosis. These advanced techniques
enable the model to extract intricate patterns and insights directly from raw medical data,
eliminating the need for explicit feature selection and thereby enhancing diagnostic accuracy.
Through the integration of these deep learning techniques and employing bagging techniques
to combine their strengths, the developed web-based platform offers a groundbreaking solution
for precise and personalized mental disorder diagnosis and treatment recommendations. By
addressing critical gaps in current healthcare practices, this research endeavors to significantly
improve the efficiency and accuracy of mental health diagnosis and treatment, ultimately
aiming to improve the overall well-being of individuals worldwide.

1.3 Problem Statement


The Effective diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders remain challenging in healthcare,
with human accuracy in diagnosis remaining low and traditional machine learning
approaches often yielding suboptimal results. To address these limitations, this study aims to
explore the potential of deep learning methodologies. By leveraging multi-layer neural
networks trained on raw medical data and integrating Convolutional Neural Networks
(CNN), Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), and Long Short-
Term Memory (LSTM) networks using bagging techniques, the research aims to develop a
web-based platform for accurate mental disorder detection. Through comprehensive analysis
of user-provided data, the platform will offer precise and personalized diagnosis and
treatment recommendations, thus bridging critical gaps in current healthcare practices and
improving the efficiency and accuracy of mental health care.

1.4 Objectives
The primary intentions of this project are listed as follows:
 To develop a deep learning model for accurate diagnosis of mental disorders using medical claims
data.
 To create a website which runs the developed model on the backend to accurately predict the mental
disorder.
2
1.5 Scope
 The Scope is limited to developing a website which can run the developed model at the
backend to accurately predict the mental disorder.
 Dataset used is limited to audio, video recordings and text(questionaries) related to the
behavior and the symptoms of the patients.

1.6 Advantages
 Enhanced Accuracy: Deep learning techniques improve diagnostic accuracy compared
to traditional methods and machine learning approaches.
 Personalized Recommendations: The model tailors its recommendations to individual
needs by analyzing specific data inputs.

3
Chapter 2
Literature Survey

2.1 A Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning


Approaches on Mental Health Diagnosis

Journal Details: MDPI ,2024


Dataset: Open Source Mental Illness (OSMI) Survey (2019)
Description:
The methodology involves various algorithms, including Logistic Regression, Support
Vector Machine, Random Forest, Catboost, Hierarchical Attention Network, Convolutional
Neural Networks, Super Learning Algorithm, Ada Boost, Extreme Learning Machine,
Decision Tree, and Gradient Boosting Trees, to predict mental health disorders such as
schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, anorexia
nervosa, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, aiming to enhance diagnostic accuracy
and understanding across a range of psychiatric conditions.
Advantages
1. This model can process large amounts of data quickly, enabling faster diagnosis and
treatment planning.
2. can analyse multiple data modalities .
Disadvantages
1.Small sample size
2. only a limited number of mental health conditions were included in the analysis.

2.2 Evaluation of deep learning-based depression detection using


medical claims data
Dataset: The dataset used in the paper comprises medical claims data from approximately
812,853 individuals collected between 2018 and 2022 in Estonia.

4
Description
The study utilizes logistic regression, support vector machine, random forest, hierarchical
attention network, and convolutional neural network for predicting mental health disorders
including schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder,
anorexia nervosa, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Advantages
1. use of self-attention mechanisms provides valuable insights into disease patterns and
correlations, helping medical professionals better understand the model's predictions
and improving trust in its accuracy.
2. The proposed model has practical applications, such as screening patients for
depression in general practitioner settings

Disadvantages
1. It's limited to medical claims data from Estonia
2. Dependency on Data Quality.

2.3 A hybrid model for depression detection using deep learning


Journal Details: Sensors 25,2023
Dataset: DIAC-WOZ Dataset
Description
The methodology in Vandana, Nikhil Marriwala, Deepti Chaudhary (2022) involves the use
of CNN and LSTM algorithms for depression detection, utilizing audio and text features
extracted from responses of depressed patients and the DAIC-WOZ database. Google Collab
is used as the platform for depression detection. Proposed Model is based on two algorithms
i.e., one is CNN and second is LSTM. CNN or Convolution neural network or ConvNet is a
deep learning algorithm which takes input as an image, assigns some weights to input values
and then helps in classification of output image
Advantages
1. Integration of CNN and LSTM
2. Enhanced Feature Representation
Disadvantages
1. Identification of depressed patients on social media platforms like Twitter and Reddit
2. Need for more audio features for accurate results

5
2.4 Electroencephalography-Based Depression Detection Using
Multiple Machine Learning Techniques

Journal Details: MDPI,2024


Dataset: Modma dataset
Description
Multiple algorithms for detecting depression using EEG signals, including CNN models with
different numbers of layers, a parallel linear CNN, and a CNN model for characterizing EEG
signals. The study also mentions the use of deep learning techniques and other methods for
investigating mental diseases

Advantages
1. Promising Integration of EEG and Demographic Data.
2. Utilization of Open Dataset.
Disadvantages
1. Not enough negative samples in the dataset .
2. Heavy electrode caps may cause discomfort to participants.

2.5 Depression Detection in Speech Using Transformer and


Parallel Convolutional Neural Networks
Journal Details: MDPI,2024
Dataset: DAIC-WOZ and MODMA datasets
Description
The methodology involved proposing a deep learning model with a parallel-CNN and
transformer, conducting experiments on two datasets, using a Hanning window for speech
framing, and employing the Adam optimizer with specific settings.
Advantages
1. Parallel Processing
2. Multi-Head Attention Mechanism
Disadvantages

6
1. Hyperparameter Tuning.
2. The TCC model's complex architecture and multi-layered components may pose
challenges in interpreting the model's decisions and representations.

2.6 Mental Health Prediction Using Machine Learning


Journal Details: IRJET volume 09,2022
Dataset: The dataset used in the study is collected through a survey form distributed to
individuals of varied demographics to understand their mental health problems in detail.
Description:
Methodology involves algorithms such as Decision tree, Support Vector Machine (SVM),
Random Forest, Convolutional Neural Network.
Advantages
1. Comprehensive Data Collection
2. Scalability and Efficiency
Disadvantages
1. Lack of standard dataset availability
2. Inclusion of individuals under treatment may skew results.

2.7 Depression Detection From Social Networks Data Based on


Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques: An
Interrogative Survey
Journal Details: IEEE Transactions On Computational Social Systems, Vol. 10, No. 4,
August 2023
Dataset: Data derived from various social media platforms.
Description:
The methodology involves various algorithms such as Decision tree (DT) ,Support vector
machine (SVM) , K-nearest neighbor (KNN) ,Ensemble ,Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) -,Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)
Advantages
1. Wide range of algorithms are used.
2. Scalability and Efficiency.
Disadvantages
1. No novelty in dataset.

7
2. Inclusion of individuals under treatment may skew results.

Chapter 3
Analysis and Design
Software design is a phase in a software development methodology which outcomes in a brief explanation of
how to best solve the problem at hand when executed. The design will go through various iterations before
finishing. The design can cover various elements of the program such as Solution Architecture, Application
Structure, Database Design, Techniques for Integration etc. The concept feedback is the specification in
research and planning. Software design refers not only to the system in general but to any single part of the
system as well. Software design will be the coding of the program in phase.

3.1 Software Development Life Cycle


 Life Cycle model of the proposed system is Iterative Model which as follows in Figure 3.1

 Initially the data required to train and test the model is collected and augmented as per the
requirements.

 After the data collection, the Deep learning model is trained.

 The trained DL model are packaged from development to production to avoid scaling challenges.

 Once the DL model is packaged, it is validated in which the model is evaluated with a testing data
set.

 The validated DL model is then deployed, i.e. it is moved from an offline environment to an existing
production environment.

 Finally, the DL model is monitored in which the model is monitored for changes such as data drift,
model degradation, etc. This cycle repeats in an iterative manner.

8
Figure 3.1 Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) [18]

3.2 Software Requirement Analysis

Analysis of the requirements, also known as requirements engineering, is the method of


evaluating consumer demands of a new or changed product. Analysis of requirements is a
team activity involving a mix of experience in engineering hardware, software and human
factors, as well as skills in communicating with people. These characteristics, called criteria,
have to be quantifiable, specific, and detailed. Such criteria are also termed functional
specifications in software engineering. Analysis of specifications is an important part of
project management that requires regular contact with authorized users to establish particular
functionality preferences, dispute resolution or uncertainty in specifications as requested by
the different users or community groups.
A specification on software requirements is a detailed overview of the
intended function and ecosystem for the under research program. The Software requirements
Specification thoroughly explains what the program is going to do, and how it is supposed to
function. A Software Requirement specification reduces programmers’ time and means to
improve desired targets, and therefore minimizes production costs. In a wide range of real-
world scenarios, a successful Software requirement Specification determines how an
application communicates with machine hardware, other programs and human users.

3.3 Functional Requirements


The platform will feature an intuitive web interface where users can input their medical
information, including symptoms and history. Deep learning methodologies, including CNN,
BERT, and LSTM networks, will be integrated using bagging techniques to develop a robust
multi-layer neural network model. This model will accurately diagnose various mental
9
disorders and recommend personalized treatment options based on the input data.
Additionally, the platform will prioritize security and privacy, implementing stringent
measures to safeguard sensitive medical information and ensure compliance with regulations
like HIPAA.

3.4 Non-Functional Requirements


Performance: The platform should exhibit high performance, with minimal processing time and response
latency, ensuring efficient handling of user requests even during peak usage periods.
Scalability: Design the platform to be scalable, capable of accommodating a growing user base and
increasing data volume without sacrificing performance or functionality.
Reliability: Ensure the platform's reliability by minimizing downtime and errors, implementing fault-tolerant
mechanisms, and conducting thorough testing to identify and address potential issues before deployment.

3.5 Software Requirements


• Operating Systems: Windows 7 and above or Ubuntu.
• Flutter and Dart Programming Language
• Android Studio (IDLE)
• Python programmimg language

3.6 Software Design


Software design is a phase in a software development methodology which out- comes in a
brief explanation of how to best solve the problem at hand when executed. The design will go
through various iterations before finishing. The design can cover various elements of the
program such as Solution Architecture, Application Structure, Techniques for Integration etc.
The concept feedback is the specification in research and planning. Software design refers not
only to the system in general but to any single part of the system as well. Software design
will be the coding of the program in phase.

3.6.1 Usecase Diagrams


Description:
The use case diagram for the mental health model illustrates the interactions between the system and its
users. The primary actor in this context is the user, representing individuals seeking mental health diagnosis
and treatment recommendations. The diagram comprises several key use cases: "Input Medical
Information," allowing users to input symptoms, medical history, and demographic details into the platform;
"Request Diagnosis," enabling users to request a mental health diagnosis based on the provided information;
"Receive Diagnosis," indicating the system's capability to generate and present an accurate diagnosis of
10
mental disorders; "Receive Treatment Recommendations," allowing users to receive personalized treatment
recommendations based on the diagnosed mental disorder and other relevant factors; and "Provide
Feedback," offering users the option to provide feedback on the accuracy and relevance of the diagnosis and
treatment recommendations. These use cases form a sequential flow, where users input their medical
information, request a diagnosis, receive the diagnosis, and then receive personalized treatment
recommendations, thereby facilitating a comprehensive and user-centric approach to mental health diagnosis
and treatment.

Figure 3.2 Usecase Diagram

3.6.2 Activity Diagram


The activity diagram illustrates the sequential flow within the mental health model, starting
from user input of medical information to receiving personalized treatment recommendations.
11
Users input symptoms and history, which the system then analyzes using deep learning
techniques like CNN, BERT, and LSTM networks. After preprocessing and model training,
the system generates an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment suggestions based on
factors like symptom severity and patient preferences. Throughout, security measures
safeguard sensitive data, and user feedback allows for continuous improvement. This user-
centric approach underscores the model's effectiveness in accurate diagnosis and tailored
treatment recommendations.

Figure 3.3 ACtivity Diagram of the Project

3.6.4 Sequence Diagrams


The sequence diagram for the mental health model delineates the chronological flow of
interactions between the user and the system, detailing the steps from inputting medical
12
information to receiving personalized treatment recommendations. Initially, the user initiates
the process by providing their medical data, including symptoms and history. Upon receiving
this input, the system engages in a series of actions, starting with data preprocessing to
prepare the information for analysis. Next, deep learning methodologies like CNN, BERT,
and LSTM networks are applied to uncover patterns and correlations within the data.
Following analysis, the system generates a diagnosis based on the input, presenting the user
with an accurate assessment of their mental health condition. Subsequently, personalized
treatment recommendations are provided, taking into account factors such as symptom
severity and treatment efficacy. Throughout this process, security measures ensure the
confidentiality of sensitive medical information. Additionally, user feedback mechanisms
allow for continuous refinement of the system's accuracy and relevance. Overall, the
sequence diagram illustrates the systematic progression of interactions, highlighting the
model's user-centric approach and the utilization of advanced deep learning techniques for
effective diagnosis and treatment recommendation in mental health care.

13
Figure 3.5: Sequence Diagram

Chapter 4
Proposed System
4.1 Proposed Model
 The Raw medical data serves as input, encompassing patient demographics, symptoms,
and medical history.
 Preprocessing techniques are applied for data cleaning, normalization, and
transformation.
 Feature extraction is conducted to extract relevant information from the preprocessed
data.
 Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) analyzes spatial patterns, beneficial for image-
based medical data.
 Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) capture contextual
relationships in textual data, such as medical notes.
 Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models sequential dependencies, capturing
temporal patterns.
 Ensemble techniques combine predictions from CNN, BERT, and LSTM for improved
accuracy and robustness.
 The output provides accurate mental disorder and personalized treatment
recommendations based on input data.

4.2 Model Architecture

14
4.3 Building Models
CNN (Convolutional Neural Network):
 The CNN module processes any image-based medical data or other types of data where
spatial relationships are important.
 It extracts features from the input data by applying convolutional filters and pooling
operations, helping to identify relevant patterns associated with mental health disorders
in medical images or other spatial data.
BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers):
 The BERT module is responsible for analyzing textual data related to mental health,
such as medical notes, patient reports, or other text-based information.
 By leveraging BERT's ability to understand contextual relationships in text, this
module helps extract meaningful features from textual data to aid in the diagnosis and
treatment recommendation of mental health disorders.
LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory):
 The LSTM module in your project handles sequential data related to mental health,
such as time-stamped medical events or longitudinal patient records.
 By capturing long-term dependencies in sequential data, LSTM helps identify temporal
patterns and trends associated with mental health disorders, enabling more accurate
diagnosis and treatment recommendation over time.

4.4 Dataset
Name of the Dataset: DIAC-WOZ Dataset
Description: This database contains clinical interviews designed to support the diagnosis of psychological
distress conditions such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. These
interviews were collected as part of a larger effort to create a computer agent that interviews
people and identifies verbal and nonverbal indicators of mental illness (DeVault et al., 2014).
Data collected include audio and video recordings and extensive questionnaire responses; this
part of the corpus includes data from the Wizard-of-Oz interviews, conducted by an animated
15
virtual interviewer called Ellie, controlled by a human interviewer in another room.
DIAC –WOZ contains:
 Includes 189 sessions of interactions ranging between 7-33 minutes (average is 16 minutes).
 Each session includes transcripts of the interaction, participant audio files, and information about
facial features.
 Data has been transcribed and annotated for a variety of verbal and non-verbal features.

Chapter 5
Result and Analysis
Our project integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Bidirectional Encoder
Representations from Transformers (BERT), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to
train a multi-layer neural network on raw medical data. This approach allows the model to discover
hidden patterns in the data without requiring explicit feature selection.

To enhance the performance of our model, we have implemented bagging techniques. Bagging, or
bootstrap aggregating, is a method used to improve the stability and accuracy of machine learning
algorithms. It involves creating multiple subsets of the original data, training separate models on
each subset, and combining the predictions to produce a final output.

16
.

Performance Metrics:
The context shows a list of performance metrics for various methods, including Boosting, Random
Forest, Decision Tree Classifier, K-Neighbors, Log. Regression, and Bagging. It appears that our
model, using bagging techniques, has achieved an accuracy of 82.28%, outperforming other methods
in this particular dataset.

17
18
INTERFACE:

19
Result:
Chapter 6
Conclusion and Future Work

The mental health model presented in this study showcases a promising approach to leveraging deep
learning methodologies for accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment recommendations. By integrating
advanced techniques such as CNN, BERT, and LSTM networks, the model demonstrates its capability to
uncover hidden patterns and correlations within medical data, leading to precise assessments of mental
health conditions. The user-centric design emphasizes the importance of tailoring recommendations to
individual needs, considering factors like symptom severity and treatment efficacy. The inclusion of security
measures ensures the confidentiality of sensitive medical information, fostering trust and compliance with
privacy regulations. Overall, the model holds significant potential to improve the efficiency and accuracy of
mental health care, addressing critical gaps in current healthcare practices.

Future Recommendations:
Moving forward, several avenues for future work can enhance and extend the capabilities of the mental
health model. Firstly, continued research and development efforts can focus on refining the deep learning
algorithms used within the model, exploring novel architectures and optimization techniques to improve
diagnostic accuracy and efficiency further. Additionally, expanding the scope of the model to encompass a
broader range of mental health disorders and associated treatments can enhance its applicability and utility
in clinical settings. Furthermore, incorporating real-time data streams and wearable technology into the
model's input process can enable continuous monitoring of patients' mental health status, facilitating
proactive intervention and support. Lastly, collaboration with healthcare professionals and stakeholders can
facilitate the integration of the model into existing healthcare systems, ensuring seamless adoption and
widespread impact on patient care. Overall, ongoing innovation and collaboration are key to realizing the
full potential of the mental health model and advancing mental health care practices.
Chapter 7
References
1. N. K., Kim, S. H., Jhon, M., Yang, H. J., & Pant, S. (2023, January). A Review of Machine
Learning and Deep Learning Approaches on Mental Health Diagnosis. In Healthcare (Vol.
11, No. 3, p. 285). MDPI.
2.Bertl, M., Bignoumba, N., Ross, P., Yahia, S. B., & Draheim, D. (2024). Evaluation of deep
learning-based depression detection using medical claims data. Artificial Intelligence in
Medicine, 147, 102745.
3.Marriwala, N., & Chaudhary, D. (2023). A hybrid model for depression detection using
deep learning. Measurement: Sensors, 25, 100587.
4.Ksibi, A., Zakariah, M., Menzli, L. J., Saidani, O., Almuqren, L., & Hanafieh, R. A. M.
(2023). Electroencephalography-based depression detection using multiple machine learning
techniques. Diagnostics, 13(10), 1779.
5.Yin, F., Du, J., Xu, X., & Zhao, L. (2023). Depression detection in speech using
transformer and parallel convolutional neural networks. Electronics, 12(2), 328.
6.Chung, J., & Teo, J. (2022). Mental health prediction using machine learning: taxonomy,
applications, and challenges. Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing, 2022,
1-19.
7.Upama, P. B., Valero, M., Shahriar, H., Syam, M., & Ahamed, S. I. (2023, June). Mental
Health Analysis During Pandemic: A Survey of Detection and Treatment. In 2023 IEEE 47th
Annual Computers, Software, and Applications Conference (COMPSAC) (pp. 1530-1538).
IEEE.
8.Hasib, K. M., Islam, M. R., Sakib, S., Akbar, M. A., Razzak, I., & Alam, M. S. (2023).
Depression detection from social networks data based on machine learning and deep learning
techniques: An interrogative survey. IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems.

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