Mini
Mini
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
in
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
by
Pogiri Sai Kiran 218W1A0546
Katarapu Prudhvi 218W1A0525
Kare Dhavan 218W1A0524
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the Mini Project-1 Report entitled ” Transforming Mental Healthcare:
Place: Vijayawada
Date: 24-04-2024
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Behind every achievement lies an unfathomable sea of gratitude to those who activated it,
without whom it would ever have come into existence. To them we lay the words of
gratitude imprinted with us.
We would like to thank our respected Principal, Dr. A.V. Ratna Prasad and Dr.
D. Rajeswara Rao, Head of the Department, Computer Science and Engineering for their
support throughout our Project.
It is our sincere obligation to thank our guide, Mrs P. Dhanavanthani,
Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, for her timely
valuable guidance and suggestions for this Project.
We owe our acknowledgements to an equally long list of people who helped us
in this Project. Finally, we wish to thank all the supporting staff who gave us facility in lab
for the completion of this Project.
Place: Vijayawada
Date: 21-06-2023
Pogiri Sai Kiran (218W1A0546)
Katarapu Prudhvi (218W1A0525)
Kare Dhavan (218W1A0524)
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis and effective treatment recommendation for mental disorders pose significant
challenges in healthcare. Despite advancements, human accuracy in diagnosis remains low, and
traditional machine learning (ML) approaches on medical claims data for depression screening
still report suboptimal accuracy metrics. In this study, we investigate the potential of deep learning
methodologies to address these challenges. Our approach involves training a multi-layer neural
network on raw medical data, enabling it to uncover hidden patterns without explicit feature
selection. By integrating Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Bidirectional Encoder
Representations from Transformers (BERT), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks
using bagging techniques, we develop a web based platform for accurately detecting mental
disorders. Users provide input to the platform, which enhances diagnosis accuracy and treatment
recommendation. This research aims to significantly improve the accuracy in the predicting the
mental disorder by providing precise and personalized mental disorder diagnosis and treatment
recommendations. The integration of deep learning techniques offers a promising avenue for
enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of mental health diagnosis and treatment recommendation,
thus addressing critical gaps in current healthcare practices.
Keywords: Mental disorders, Diagnosis accuracy, multi-layer neural network, Convolutional Neural
Networks (CNN), Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), Long Short-
Term Memory (LSTM), Bagging techniques.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.2 Motivation 1
1.4 Objectives 2
1.5 Scope 3
1.6 Advantages 3
2 LITERATURE REVIEW 4
3 REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS 8
4 PROPOSED SYSTEM 14
4.4 Dataset 15
5.2 Outputs 18
7 REFERENCES 21
APPENDICES
Web-Based Platform:
The developed model is implemented as a web-based platform where users can input data for
diagnosis. This platform aims to provide precise and personalized mental disorder diagnosis
and treatment recommendations, thereby improving overall healthcare efficiency and accuracy.
1.2 Motivation
The motivation behind developing a deep learning-based model for accurately diagnosing and
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recommending treatment for mental disorders stems from the persistent challenges faced in
healthcare. Despite advancements, traditional methods for diagnosing mental disorders still
exhibit low accuracy, and existing machine learning approaches often fall short in effectively
leveraging medical data for accurate screening. By harnessing the power of deep learning
methodologies such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Bidirectional Encoder
Representations from Transformers (BERT), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)
networks, this study seeks to revolutionize mental health diagnosis. These advanced techniques
enable the model to extract intricate patterns and insights directly from raw medical data,
eliminating the need for explicit feature selection and thereby enhancing diagnostic accuracy.
Through the integration of these deep learning techniques and employing bagging techniques
to combine their strengths, the developed web-based platform offers a groundbreaking solution
for precise and personalized mental disorder diagnosis and treatment recommendations. By
addressing critical gaps in current healthcare practices, this research endeavors to significantly
improve the efficiency and accuracy of mental health diagnosis and treatment, ultimately
aiming to improve the overall well-being of individuals worldwide.
1.4 Objectives
The primary intentions of this project are listed as follows:
To develop a deep learning model for accurate diagnosis of mental disorders using medical claims
data.
To create a website which runs the developed model on the backend to accurately predict the mental
disorder.
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1.5 Scope
The Scope is limited to developing a website which can run the developed model at the
backend to accurately predict the mental disorder.
Dataset used is limited to audio, video recordings and text(questionaries) related to the
behavior and the symptoms of the patients.
1.6 Advantages
Enhanced Accuracy: Deep learning techniques improve diagnostic accuracy compared
to traditional methods and machine learning approaches.
Personalized Recommendations: The model tailors its recommendations to individual
needs by analyzing specific data inputs.
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Chapter 2
Literature Survey
4
Description
The study utilizes logistic regression, support vector machine, random forest, hierarchical
attention network, and convolutional neural network for predicting mental health disorders
including schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder,
anorexia nervosa, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Advantages
1. use of self-attention mechanisms provides valuable insights into disease patterns and
correlations, helping medical professionals better understand the model's predictions
and improving trust in its accuracy.
2. The proposed model has practical applications, such as screening patients for
depression in general practitioner settings
Disadvantages
1. It's limited to medical claims data from Estonia
2. Dependency on Data Quality.
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2.4 Electroencephalography-Based Depression Detection Using
Multiple Machine Learning Techniques
Advantages
1. Promising Integration of EEG and Demographic Data.
2. Utilization of Open Dataset.
Disadvantages
1. Not enough negative samples in the dataset .
2. Heavy electrode caps may cause discomfort to participants.
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1. Hyperparameter Tuning.
2. The TCC model's complex architecture and multi-layered components may pose
challenges in interpreting the model's decisions and representations.
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2. Inclusion of individuals under treatment may skew results.
Chapter 3
Analysis and Design
Software design is a phase in a software development methodology which outcomes in a brief explanation of
how to best solve the problem at hand when executed. The design will go through various iterations before
finishing. The design can cover various elements of the program such as Solution Architecture, Application
Structure, Database Design, Techniques for Integration etc. The concept feedback is the specification in
research and planning. Software design refers not only to the system in general but to any single part of the
system as well. Software design will be the coding of the program in phase.
Initially the data required to train and test the model is collected and augmented as per the
requirements.
The trained DL model are packaged from development to production to avoid scaling challenges.
Once the DL model is packaged, it is validated in which the model is evaluated with a testing data
set.
The validated DL model is then deployed, i.e. it is moved from an offline environment to an existing
production environment.
Finally, the DL model is monitored in which the model is monitored for changes such as data drift,
model degradation, etc. This cycle repeats in an iterative manner.
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Figure 3.1 Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) [18]
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Figure 3.5: Sequence Diagram
Chapter 4
Proposed System
4.1 Proposed Model
The Raw medical data serves as input, encompassing patient demographics, symptoms,
and medical history.
Preprocessing techniques are applied for data cleaning, normalization, and
transformation.
Feature extraction is conducted to extract relevant information from the preprocessed
data.
Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) analyzes spatial patterns, beneficial for image-
based medical data.
Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) capture contextual
relationships in textual data, such as medical notes.
Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models sequential dependencies, capturing
temporal patterns.
Ensemble techniques combine predictions from CNN, BERT, and LSTM for improved
accuracy and robustness.
The output provides accurate mental disorder and personalized treatment
recommendations based on input data.
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4.3 Building Models
CNN (Convolutional Neural Network):
The CNN module processes any image-based medical data or other types of data where
spatial relationships are important.
It extracts features from the input data by applying convolutional filters and pooling
operations, helping to identify relevant patterns associated with mental health disorders
in medical images or other spatial data.
BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers):
The BERT module is responsible for analyzing textual data related to mental health,
such as medical notes, patient reports, or other text-based information.
By leveraging BERT's ability to understand contextual relationships in text, this
module helps extract meaningful features from textual data to aid in the diagnosis and
treatment recommendation of mental health disorders.
LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory):
The LSTM module in your project handles sequential data related to mental health,
such as time-stamped medical events or longitudinal patient records.
By capturing long-term dependencies in sequential data, LSTM helps identify temporal
patterns and trends associated with mental health disorders, enabling more accurate
diagnosis and treatment recommendation over time.
4.4 Dataset
Name of the Dataset: DIAC-WOZ Dataset
Description: This database contains clinical interviews designed to support the diagnosis of psychological
distress conditions such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. These
interviews were collected as part of a larger effort to create a computer agent that interviews
people and identifies verbal and nonverbal indicators of mental illness (DeVault et al., 2014).
Data collected include audio and video recordings and extensive questionnaire responses; this
part of the corpus includes data from the Wizard-of-Oz interviews, conducted by an animated
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virtual interviewer called Ellie, controlled by a human interviewer in another room.
DIAC –WOZ contains:
Includes 189 sessions of interactions ranging between 7-33 minutes (average is 16 minutes).
Each session includes transcripts of the interaction, participant audio files, and information about
facial features.
Data has been transcribed and annotated for a variety of verbal and non-verbal features.
Chapter 5
Result and Analysis
Our project integrates Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Bidirectional Encoder
Representations from Transformers (BERT), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to
train a multi-layer neural network on raw medical data. This approach allows the model to discover
hidden patterns in the data without requiring explicit feature selection.
To enhance the performance of our model, we have implemented bagging techniques. Bagging, or
bootstrap aggregating, is a method used to improve the stability and accuracy of machine learning
algorithms. It involves creating multiple subsets of the original data, training separate models on
each subset, and combining the predictions to produce a final output.
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.
Performance Metrics:
The context shows a list of performance metrics for various methods, including Boosting, Random
Forest, Decision Tree Classifier, K-Neighbors, Log. Regression, and Bagging. It appears that our
model, using bagging techniques, has achieved an accuracy of 82.28%, outperforming other methods
in this particular dataset.
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18
INTERFACE:
19
Result:
Chapter 6
Conclusion and Future Work
The mental health model presented in this study showcases a promising approach to leveraging deep
learning methodologies for accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment recommendations. By integrating
advanced techniques such as CNN, BERT, and LSTM networks, the model demonstrates its capability to
uncover hidden patterns and correlations within medical data, leading to precise assessments of mental
health conditions. The user-centric design emphasizes the importance of tailoring recommendations to
individual needs, considering factors like symptom severity and treatment efficacy. The inclusion of security
measures ensures the confidentiality of sensitive medical information, fostering trust and compliance with
privacy regulations. Overall, the model holds significant potential to improve the efficiency and accuracy of
mental health care, addressing critical gaps in current healthcare practices.
Future Recommendations:
Moving forward, several avenues for future work can enhance and extend the capabilities of the mental
health model. Firstly, continued research and development efforts can focus on refining the deep learning
algorithms used within the model, exploring novel architectures and optimization techniques to improve
diagnostic accuracy and efficiency further. Additionally, expanding the scope of the model to encompass a
broader range of mental health disorders and associated treatments can enhance its applicability and utility
in clinical settings. Furthermore, incorporating real-time data streams and wearable technology into the
model's input process can enable continuous monitoring of patients' mental health status, facilitating
proactive intervention and support. Lastly, collaboration with healthcare professionals and stakeholders can
facilitate the integration of the model into existing healthcare systems, ensuring seamless adoption and
widespread impact on patient care. Overall, ongoing innovation and collaboration are key to realizing the
full potential of the mental health model and advancing mental health care practices.
Chapter 7
References
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Learning and Deep Learning Approaches on Mental Health Diagnosis. In Healthcare (Vol.
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learning-based depression detection using medical claims data. Artificial Intelligence in
Medicine, 147, 102745.
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deep learning. Measurement: Sensors, 25, 100587.
4.Ksibi, A., Zakariah, M., Menzli, L. J., Saidani, O., Almuqren, L., & Hanafieh, R. A. M.
(2023). Electroencephalography-based depression detection using multiple machine learning
techniques. Diagnostics, 13(10), 1779.
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transformer and parallel convolutional neural networks. Electronics, 12(2), 328.
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applications, and challenges. Applied Computational Intelligence and Soft Computing, 2022,
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8.Hasib, K. M., Islam, M. R., Sakib, S., Akbar, M. A., Razzak, I., & Alam, M. S. (2023).
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