Pearson Test of English Young Learners

Language Content

Breakthrough (Level 4)

July 2018

Information within this document is from the Council of Europe Threshold specification.
© Council of Europe

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Language Content

In addition to the language included at Firstwords, Springboard and Quickmarch, the following list
represents the types of language content that are typically assessed at this level including areas
of language use, main structures, topics and vocabulary. Structures and vocabulary given in
italics are for guidance only and are not intended to be a complete list.

Areas of language use

Describe everyday objects
Describe how objects feel
Describe sensations
Give instructions such as directions and procedures
Write a story/narrative about a special event
Talk about past experiences
Ask for/give explanations and express purpose
Ask for/give opinions
Ask about/state preferences
Predict and discuss future possibility
Offer, request, make spontaneous decisions

Main structures
• Present perfect
Have you ever been to London?
I have never been to New York.
• ‘Will’ in all basic uses
We think Ben’s team will win.
• First conditional form with ‘if’
If Annie finishes her homework, she will go out.
• ‘Would’ for polite offers
Would you like a cup of tea?
• Would (rather) for preferences
I would rather go to the concert.
I wouldn’t like to go to the football match.
• Past continuous in narratives
Mr Brown was having breakfast when the phone rang.
• The infinitive to indicate purpose
Grandmother made a cake to give to Diana.
• Tag questions
She is, isn’t she? They will, won’t they?
Topics
• The Senses
• Nature
• Space and Space Travel
• Travel
• Jobs and Professions

Topics included at lower levels may also be reused and developed.

• Spare Time
• Time
• Places
• Jobs
• Illness
• Clothes
• Food
• Description of Animals
• Homes
• Families
• Pets and Animals
• School
• The Body and People’s Appearance
• Toys
• Houses

Vocabulary
• Words of senses and perception
smell, taste, look, sound, feel, sweet, beautiful, loud, rough, smooth, soft, sharp, heavy
• Extinct and endangered wildlife
panda, snow leopard, whale, black rhino, dinosaur
• Professions and jobs
teacher, doctor, dentist, hairdresser, pop singer
• Words connected with travelling
ticket, airport, delay, suitcase
• Types of music
pop, rap, soul, rock, reggae, techno
• Musical instruments
guitar, piano, keyboards, drums, etc.
• Computer games
Gameboy, Playstation
Vocabulary List
The following tables include the vocabulary typically tested at Breakthrough (Level 4).

A B C D

a astronaut baby bookcase cabbage climb customer dad during

about at back boot café clock cut daddy DVD
above athlete bad bored cafeteria close cycle daily
abroad atlas badminton boring cage cake clothes dance
accident attack bag born calculator cloud dangerous
ache attraction bake borrow calendar cloudy dark
across attractive balcony both call clown date
action aunt ball bottle camera club daughter
actor author balloon bottom camp coach day
actress autograph banana bounce can coast dead
add automatic band bowl candle coat deaf
address autumn bank box cannot coffee dear
adult avenue bar boxer cap coin decide
advertisement awake baseball boy capital coke deep
advice away baseball brave captain cold definitely
afraid awful cap bread car collect delicious
after basement break card college delighted
afternoon basketball breakfast careful color dentist
again bat breathe carefully colored depend
against bath bridge carpet comb describe
age bathroom bright carrot come description
ago be brilliant carry comfortable desert
agree beach bring cartoon competition desk
air bean brother case complain detail
airline bear brown cassette computer detective
airport beard brush castle concert diamond
album beat bubble cat confident diary
alien beautiful bucket catch contact dice
all because build cave contain dictionary
allow become burger CD continent die
almost bed burn ceiling control difference
along bedroom bus celebrate conversation different
alphabet beef business centimeter cook difficult
already before busy center cooker dig
alright begin but century cool dining room
also beginning butter cereal copy dinner
altogether behind butterfly chair corn dinosaur
always believe button chance corner direct
ambulance bell buy change correct direction
an below by character corridor dirty
and angry belt bye chatter cost disagree
animal beside cheap cottage disappear
anniversary best cheek cotton disappointed
another better cheerful cough disaster
answer between cheese count discover
any bicycle chef country disco
anybody big chemist couple dish
anyone bike chest course disk
anything bin chicken cousin dive
anyway bird child cover do
anywhere birthday chin chip cow doctor
apartment biscuit chocolate crayon dog
appear bit choose crazy doll
apple bite church cream door
area black cinema creature doorbell
argue blank circle criminal dot
arm blanket circus crisp double
armchair blind city crocodile down
around blonde clap cross draw
arrive blouse class crowd drawing
art blow classmate cruel dream
article blue classroom cry dress
artist board clean cup drink
as boat cleaner cupboard drive
ask body clear curly driver
asleep boil clever curtain drum
assistant bone cushion dry
book duck

24
 E F G H I J K L

each face full gallery hair I jacket kangaroo ladder

ear factory fun game half ice jam keep lady
early fade funny gang hall ice cream jaw key lake
earn fair fur gap ham idea jealous kick lamp
earth fall furniture garage hamburger if jeans kid land
east false future garden hamster ill jewellery kill large
easy family gate hand imagine job kilogramme last
eat famous general handsome important join kilometer late
egg fan generally happen impossible joke kind later
either fantastic gentle happy in journalist king laugh
elbow far geography hard information journey kitchen laughter
elephant farm get hardly insect inside juice kite lazy
else farmer ghost harvest instead jump knee lead
email fashion giant hat instruction jumper knife leader
empty fast gift hate interesting jungle knock leaf
end fat father giraffe have international just know learn
endangered fault girl he internet least
enemy favourite girlfriend head interview leave
engineer feather give headphones interviewer left
English feed glad healthy into leg
enjoy feel glass hear invitation lemon
enormous female glasses height invite lemonade
enough festival glove helicopter island lend
enter fever glue hello it less
enthusiastic few go helmet its lesson
entrance fiction goat help let
envelope field gold hen letter
environment file good her level
equipment fill goodbye here library
eraser film goose hers lie
especially finally gorilla herself life
even find grand hi lift
evening fine granddad hide light
ever finger granddaughter high lightning
every finish grandfather hill like
everybody fire grandma him line
everyone first grandmother himself lion
everything fish grandparent hint lip
everywhere fishing grandson hippo list
exam fit granny hippopotamus listen
examination fix grass his little
example flame great history live
excellent flat greedy hit living
excited flavour green hobby room
exciting floor greeting hockey local
excuse flower grey hole lodge
exercise flu ground holiday log
exhibition flute grow home lonely
exit fly guard homework long
expensive fog guest honest look
experiment foggy guide honey lorry
explain fold guitar hooray lose
explore follow gym hope lost
extinct following horrible lot
extra food horror loud
eye foot horse love
eyebrow football hospital lovely
eyelash footballer hot low
for hot dog luck
force hotel lucky
forehead hour lunch
forest house
forget how
fork huge
forward hungry
fox hurt
freckles husband
free
french fries
fridge
friend
friendly
frightened
frightening
frog
from fruit
frustration
 M N O P Q R S

machine mushroom nail object pack policeman quarter rabbit sad

mad musician name occupation packet policewoman queen race safe
magazine must nasty ocean page policy question radio sail
magic my national of off paint pollution quick railway salad
make myself nature office pair pond quickly rain salt
male mystery near often palace pool quiet rainbow same
man nearly oh pan poor quite rather sand
manager neat oil ok panda pop read sandwich
many neck old pants popular ready sauce
map need on paper port real saucer
mark negative once pardon positive really sausage
market neighbour one parent possible receive save
married neither onion park post recipe say
marry nephew online parrot postcard record scared
mat nervous only part poster red scarf
match nest open partner potato region school
mathematics never opinion party pound religion science
maths new opposite pass practise remember scientist
may news or passenger prefer repeat scissors
maybe newspaper orange passport prepare reply sea
me next order past present rescue seal
meal nice other pasta pretty response season
mean niece our ours path prince rest seat
measure night ourselves patient princess restaurant second
meat nightdress out pattern print result secret
mechanic nightie outside pause prison return secretary
medicine nightmare oven pavement problem rhino see
medium no over pea produce rhinoceros sell send
meet nobody own peace programme rice sensible
melon noise pen project rich sentence
member noodle pence protect ride serve
mend no-one pencil public rider service
menu north pencil case pull right set
merry nose penguin pupil ring sew
message not pepper puppet rise shame
metal note perfect purple river shampoo
metre nothing perhaps push road shape
midday notice person put robbery share
middle now personality pyjamas robot shark
midnight nowhere pet pyramid rock sharp
might number phone photo rocket she
mile nurse photograph roll sheep
milk nut photographer roof shelf
milkshake photography room shell
mind piano round shirt
mine pick route shoe
minute picnic row shoot
mirror picture rubbish shop
Miss pie rude shopping
missing piece rug short
mistake pig ruler shorts
mix pill pillow run shoulder
mobile pilot shout
moment pineapple show
money pink shower
monkey pirate shut
monster pizza shy
month place sick
moon plan side
more plane sight
morning planet sign
most planning signature
mother plant silence
motorbike plastic silly
mountain plate silver
mouse platform since
moustache play sing
mouth player singer
move playground single
Mr pleading sink
Mrs please sister
Ms pocket sit
much poem site
mug poet situation
mum point size
mummy poisonous skate
muscle ski
museum skirt
sky
 S T U V W Y Z

sleep summer sun table total ugly valuable wait yawn zip
slice sunglasses table tennis touch umbrella value waiter year zoo
slight sunny tail tour uncle vase wake yellow
slipper supermarket take tourist under vegetable walk yes
slow supper talk towards understand very wall yesterday
slowly sure tall towel uniform vet want yet
small surface tap town toy university video war you
smell surname task tractor untidy view warm young
smile surprise taste traffic until village wash your
smoke surround taxi train up violin waste yours
snack swap tea trainers us visit watch yourself
snake sweater teach transport use visitor water
snow sweatshirt teacher travel usual voice wave
so sweet team treasure usually volcano wavy
soap swim technology tree volleyball way
soccer swimmer teddy triangle we
sock swimming teenage trick weak
sofa swing telephone trip wear
soft television trousers weather
soldier tell true wedding
some temperature trust week
somebody temple try weekend
someone tennis T-shirt weight
something tent tummy welcome
sometimes terrible tunnel well
somewhere test turn west
son than twice wet
song thank twin whale
soon that type what
sore the typical wheel
sorry theater when
sort their where
sound theirs them whether
soup themselves which
south then while
souvenir there whistle
space these white
speak they who
special thick whole
spell thief whose
spend thin why
spider thing wife
spoon think wild
sport thirsty will
spotted this win
spring those wind
square through window
stadium throw windy
stage thumb wing
stair thunder winner
stamp tick winter
stand ticket wish
star tidy with
stare tiger without
start tights wolf
station time woman
statue tin wonderful
stay tiny wood
steal tired woods
step tissue wool
stick still title word
stomach to work
stone toast world
stop today worry
storm toe wow
story together wrap
straight toilet wrist
strange tomato write
strawberry tomorrow wrong
street tongue
striped tonight
strong too
student tool
study tooth
stupid toothpaste
subject top
such topic
suddenly torch
sugar tortoise
suitable
suitcase