2018/ 2019 BEGINNER GROUP WORKSHEET

A. Choose the best alternative.

For hundreds of years weird things have been happening in that part of the Atlantic Ocean known today as the
Bermuda Triangle. Until 1964 when an American writer 1________ the term ‘Bermuda Triangle’ in a magazine article,
it 2________ the Devil’s Triangle and the Triangle of Death.

If you look at the map of the region, you will see an almost perfect triangle. Since the beginning of the twentieth
century many ships and planes 3________ there without a trace of them.

In March 1918, a US Navy ship, the Cyclops, vanished while sailing from Barbados to Norfolk; there 4________ 309
men on board and no remains of the ship or its crew were found. 5________ several ships got lost in that region
between the years 1918 and 1945, Bermuda Triangle has attracted the attention of the whole world since 1945. On 5
December of that year something happened that 6________ people everywhere to take interest in the region.
7________ the perfect weather, all communication with a group of five US Navy planes 8________ in that region
mysteriously.

Between 1947 and 1973 over 140 ships and planes disappeared and left no evidence. Nobody knows what
9________to people in those ships and planes before they weren’t seen anymore. 10________, the Bermuda
Triangle 11________to be a mystery and will probably remain so for many years to be solved.

1. a. uses b. has used c. was used d. used

2. a. was called b. had called c. called d. has called
3. a. had disappeared b. have disappeared c. disappeared d. were disappeared
4. a. will be b. were c. have been d. are
5. a. Despite b. Therefore c. Although d .Unless
6. a. has caused b. caused c. had caused d. was caused
7. a. Despite b. Before c. Although d. Unless
8. a. has lost b. Lost c .had lost d. was lost
9. a. was happening b. had happened c. has happened d. has been happening
10. a. Furthermore b. In contrast c. Despite d. On the contrary
11. a. had continued b. would continue c. has been continuing d. should continue
B. Choose the best alternative
1. A: I moved last month. B: Why didn’t you tell me? I _____ you. A: I didn’t want to bother you.
a- must have helped b- could have helped c-couldn’t have helped d-shouldn’t have helped

2- He ______ forgotten to lock the door when he went out. A burglar broke into his house.
a- could have b- shouldn’t have c- has d- would have

3- She_______ mystery novels for several years before she_____the novels of Agatha Christie
a. had read / discovered b. was reading / would discover
c. read / was discovering d. was reading / discovered

4- My friend _____ a university student at the moment. He ____ in a government office after he ____ from the
university.
a- is / is working / graduates b- is / works / will graduate
c- is / will work / graduates d- is / would work / graduates

5- My sister normally __ at home, but she ___this week in Bodrum. She __ in a summer course there.
a. works / spends / is teaching b. works / is spending / is teaching
c. works / spends / teaches d. is working / is spending / has taught

6. “I would have tidied the room if I had known you were coming”.
What does the sentence above mean?
a- I knew you were coming b- I didn’t know you were coming
c- I tidied the living room d- I wanted to tidy the living room

7. Last year, uncontrollable fires _______ thousands of square miles of trees in Greece and the beautiful forests in the
area _______ completely.
a- were burnt/were destroyed b- burnt/destroyed
c- burnt/were destroyed d- were burnt/destroyed

  1  
8. A: I put your blue trousers in the washing machine yesterday.
B: Oh, no! You ______ that! They have to be dry-cleaned!!!
a- can’t have done b- shouldn’t have done c- might not have done d- couldn’t have done

9. Computers _____ an enormous and universal acceptance since they _____.

a- have been received/ have invented b- have received/ were invented
c- received/ were invented d- received/ have been invented

10. I have noticed that since I _____ the university, my life _____ much more interesting.
a.have entered / becomes b.had entered / became c.have entered / became d. entered / has become

11. Canada, _____ has a population of only about 29 million, ranks second in terms of area in the world.
a- whose b- where c- which d- that

12. Unfortunately, children _____ ages are under nine are not allowed to take part in these programmes _____ last
from one to five days.
a- who/ which b- whose/ when c- whose/ which d- who/ whose

13. I______ to him many times last year but I______ from him yet.
a. didn’t write / haven’t heard b.wrote / haven’t heard c.wrote / hear d.have written / didn’t hear

14. Most of the people ______the hall before the politician ______ his speech yesterday.
a. left / had finished b. has left / finished c. left / has finished d. had left / finished

15. As he______asleep while he ______the film, he couldn't see the end of it.
a.fell /was watching b.falls / has been watching c. has fallen /has watched d. had fallen / would watch

16. If John F. Kennedy ______to his secretary, he_______ during a parade in1963.
a) listened / wouldn't be murdered b) had listened / would not have been murdered
c) listened / would be murdered d) would have listened / was murdered

What do the sentences in 17 & 18 mean?

17. We arrived late, so we missed the first act of the play.
a. We weren’t able to see the first act of the play as we got there late.
b. We didn’t want to get back late, so we only watched the first act of the play.
c. The first act of the play had just started when we arrived there.
d. The first act the play started as soon as we had arrived there.

18. By the time I graduated from high school, I had learned how to write an essay.
a. Until I graduated from high school, I had to learn to write an essay.
b. I learned how to write an essay. Then, I finished high school.
c. I finished high school while learning how to write an essay.
d. To graduate high school, I had to know how to write an essay.
C. Choose the best alternative.
Jeans ______1 one of the most worn pieces of clothing in the world. Everybody ______2 them, from the rural farmer
to the urban lawyer and from models to housewives. But why _____ jeans _____3 so popular? You get many
answers. For some people they ______ 4 cool, for others jeans are simply comfortable. Jeans ______ first ______ 5
as durable trousers for farm workers and miners in the states of the American west. A tailor called Jacob Davis
______6 the idea of using copper bolts at the corner of the pockets ______7 them stronger. They ______8 popular
instantly and soon many people bought them.
1. a. have become b. has become c. become d. becomes
2. a. wear b. wears c. wore d. has been wearing
3. a. has / become b. have / been becoming c. have / become d. has / been becoming
4. a. look b. are looking c. have looked d. have been looking
5. a. are / designed b. have been / designed c. were / designed d. - / designed
6. a. has b. had c. was d. had had
7. a. for making b. for make c. to making d. to make
8. a. became b. were becoming c. have become d. have been becoming
  2  
D. Choose the best alternative.

In a recent survey, David Sands, a lawyer, came in second as the man (1) ______ people in the UK most
admire. Who is David Sands? Why (2) ________ so many people look up to him?
(3) _______ graduating from Oxford Law School, Sands (4) _______ doing research on the automobile. (5) ________
he was studying automobile safety and design, he (6) ______ that automobile manufacturers marketed unsafe
automobiles for their profit. Then, he wrote a book
(7) _________was called “Unsafe at Any Speed”. That book exposed how (8) ___________ because
(9) _________ a defect in the steering wheel. (10) _________ the automobile manufacturers denied his findings, the
book attracted a lot of attention. In fact, (11) __________ government officials read his book, they decided
(12)_________ make the automobile manufacturers recall their poducts.

1. a. which b- who c. whose d. for whom

2. a. are b- have c. do d. were
3. a. after b. for c. since d. because
4. a. started b. had started c. was starting d. has started
5. a. during b. after c. before d. while
6. a. discovered b. had discovered c. was discovering d. has discovered
7.a. -------- b. which c. what d. whose
8. a. dangerous was the car b. dangerous the car was
c. was the car dangerous d. the car was dangerous
9. a. from b. of c. -------- d. to
10. a. Although b. In spite of c. However d. In contrast to
11. a. by the time b. then c. while d. after
12. a. making b. make c. to make d. to making

E. Choose the best alternative.

Dear Julie,

As you know, I _____1 in Paris a week ago but there was a problem with my suitcases. Unfortunately,

they had been sent to Madrid instead of Paris. Yesterday they_____2 me from the airport while I _____3 my first
dinner with my family and told me to go there and pick them up. You know what? It took me the whole afternoon to do
that. Well, I’m sure you are curious about what is going on here in Paris.
1. a. arrived b. was arriving c. had arrived d. has arrived
2. a. called b. were calling c. had called d. have called
3. a. had b. was having c. had had d. have had

The family who I _____4 with now are very nice. They treat me exactly like one of the family. They _____5 me to all
their friends. I share a room with Penny, the daughter of the family, who is my age. It’s amazing… Every morning her
mother _____6 us up with a cup of tea! Mr. Philips, Penny’s father, is also very nice. He _____7 Penny and me do
everything we want. He even allows us to borrow if we need to go somewhere far.

4. a. stay b. am staying c. have stayed d. stayed

5. a. already introduced b. had already introduced
c. have already introduced d. will already introduce
6. a. will wake b. is waking c. is going to wake d. wakes
7. a. will let b. lets c. is going to let d. has let

Tomorrow will be my first at the language school and I’m really looking forward to it. They told me to be there at 9
o’clock. I _____8 a placement test tomorrow. I expect they will announce the results this week. As soon as I _____9
which level I am at, I will give you a call. Well, that’s all from me now. Please write soon. I really would like to know
what’s going on there.

8. a. take b. have taken c. might take d. am taking

9. a. learn b. will learn c. am going to learn d. am learning

  3  
F. Circle the best answer.

Deborah and Henry 1- ____ married for thirty years. Their wedding 2- ___ place in a small English village in 1989.
Although both of them 3- ___ in London for many years when they met, they 4- ____ to try the countryside for a living.
They 5- ____ greenhouse plants ever since their marriage. When their first child, Melissa, was born, they 6- ____
their business successfully. 7- _____making good money from the plant business, Henry next tried 8- ____ antiques,
but he 9- _____give it up because it was taking too much of his time and he made a loss. If he 10a- _____ buying and
selling antiques, Deborah 10b- _____ very upset.

1- a- had been b- are c- will have been d- have been

2- a- was taken b- took c- was taking d- was being taken
3- a- were living b- have lived c- had lived d- have been living
4- a- decided b- have decided c- had decided d- were deciding
5- a- were growing b- are growing c- had grown d- have been growing
6- a- had already set up b- have already set up
c- already set up d- were already setting up
7- a- After b- Because c- During d- By the time
8- a- collecting and selling b- collect and sell c- to collect and sell d- to collecting and selling
9- a- must b- had to c- should d- might
10- a-had continued/ will be b- continued/ would be
c- had continued/ would have been d- continued / would have been

Also, at that time their second child, Nicolas 11- ____ born. Deborah and Henry are quiet content now with just
carrying on with the greenhouse business. At the moment, he 12- ____ a lot from it. Next year, he 13a- _____ adding
an annex selling fruits and vegetables if everything 13b- _____ to go well.

They lead a happy life in the countryside. They never go to London now to visit relatives unless a very important
occasion 14- ____ up.

11- a- was b- had been c- did d- is going to be

12- a- is earning b- has been earning c- has earned d- earns

13- a- tries / continues b- would try / continues c- will try / continues d- would try / continued

14- a- doesn’t come up b- comes c- will come d- won’t come

G: Choose the best answer.

I graduated from (1)- _____ School of Economics and Administrative Science three years ago, but I (2)- ____ a job
yet. Since then I (3)- _____ four different jobs. When I (4)- ____ home after my last day at school, my father said he
wanted me (5)- ____ a interesting job that would make me satisfied. He (6)- ____ after he (7) -____ for thirty years
for a company. He told me (8) -_____ his job. I hope I (9)-_____ a good job.

1- a- ------- b- a c- the d- at

2- a- haven’t been having b- haven’t had c- didn’t have d- don’t have

3- a- have been applying b- have applied c- had applied d- applied

4- a- was coming b- have come c- had come d- came

5- a- looking for b- to look for c- to looking for d- look for

6- a- retired b- was retiring c- had retired d- have retired

7- a- had worked b- was working c- worked d- has worked

8- a- has hated b- hates c- had hated d- hated

9- a- am able to b- am able c- will be able to d- will be able

  4  
H. Choose the best answer.

One night a group of teenagers were driving at speed on a motorway where – they thought - there was no obligation
to obey the 1______ as there wasn’t any signs of a police or a police car around. It was not 2_____ that the police
stopped them after a ten-minute fast drive. When the police asked for the driving licence, he directly looked into the
car. That moment was really 3_____ for the teenagers as they were not wearing their seat belts. 4_____, they were all
drunk. After all, the police only reminded them it was 5_____ to wear seat belts while travelling and let them go. It was
absolutely 6_____ for the teenagers that they were not either taken to the police station or fined.

1. a. steering wheel b. speed limit c. road safety d. traffic jam

2. a. scary b. disappointig c. surprising d. silly

3.a. terrifying b. fascinating c. freezing d. amusing

4. a. Especially b. In addition c.On the other hand d. In particular

5. a. ordinary b. dull c. essential d. brilliant

6. a. predictable b. enjoyable c. infuriating d. Astonishing

I. Choose the best answer.

Due to various socio-economic factors, the Earth 1 gets / is getting / got warmer year by year. According to experts,
since 1900, the whole planet 2 has warmed up / is warming up / warms up only by around 0.8 0C. By the end of the
21st century 3 ,in fact, /,even though, /;however, global warming is likely to cause an increase in the Earth’s
temperature of around 2-5 0C. It has led to climate change with frequent changes in the Earth’s weather 4 which is /
,which is / , that is harmful to the planet. Climate change is causing extremes of hot and cold weather. This can harm
the plants and animals of the Earth, and it may even cause water shortages and 5 storms / floods / droughts as a
result of a decrease in rainfall. Heavy rains 6 ,on the other hand, / ,what’s more, / ,especially, may result in
landslides in some areas where there is insufficient tree plantation.

J. Choose the best answer.

I get on fairly well with my family. 1)______, last night we had one of the worst arguments ever. My brother asked me
if he could borrow my iPad, and when I said no, he 2)_____ into my room and took it. When I complained to my mom,
she told me 3)_______ so childish. I was annoyed, but I didn’t say any more. I went upstairs to finish my homework,
which I thought would take about an hour. After that, I planned to go out. My friends offered 4) _____to a disco with
me and I agreed to meet them there.
The disco is very far away so I knew I would be home 5) _____ than usual. I thought I should ask my dad if that would
be okay. He usually 6)_______ me to do what I want because he knows I’m not as irresponsible 7)________ my
brother. But this time, he 8)______ to let me go out alone. In the end, he ordered me to go to my bedroom, 9)_______
I spent a very boring evening.
1. a. Although b. Since c. However d. Despite
2. a. go b. had gone c. went d. has gone
3. a. not to be b. not to being c. not be d. not being
4. a. to go b. go c. going d. to going
5. a. earlier b. later c. much late d. much early
6. a. reminds b. makes c. orders d. allows
7. a. than b. as c. like d. for
8. a. planned b. agrees c. refused d. hoped
9. a. that b. where c. which d. who

  5  
K. Choose the best answer.
1 12
I’ll never forget the day ______ I first came ______ Sue Ellen on campus. The moment I saw her, I was
3 4
overwhelmed with her _______ beauty. I thought that must have been love ____first sight! She was so elegant, and
5 6
regarded ____ the most beautiful girl in town. Moreover, she had diverse interests that differ _____taking photos to
7
blog writing. She ____ had a reputation for being an athlete. However, I wasn’t very outgoing, and I was a bit shy. I
8 9
knew I had to do something, so I took ___ exercising in order to ______ her attention, and I finally did. Eventually, I
10 11
asked her to go on a date and we found out that we had lots in common _______ for our career goals. ______ we
loved each other, she decided to move away to New York when she received a job offer. Pursuing a long distance
12
relationship was tough, and the saying “Out of sight, out of mind” ____ to be true once again. time, our love died
13
down, and we broke up. _______, we are still friends.
1 a. which b. where c. on which d. since
2. a. over b. up c. across d. in
3. a. disappointing b. amazing c. dull d. ridiculous
4. a. in b. on c. at d. from
5. a. as b. from c. like d. for
6. a. to b. in c. on d. from
7. a. therefore b. moreover c. also d. but
8. a. over b. after c. in d. up
9. a. attract b. lose c. find d. show
10. a. apart b. unlike c. except d. instead
11. a. Although b. Despite c. Since d. Because
12. a. proved b. admitted c. denied d. claimed
13. a. Therefore b. But c. Furthermore d. However

L. Choose the irrelevant sentence in each paragraph below

1. I) Grape vines provide employment opportunities because of the high manpower requirement. II) Grapes are one of
the oldest crops ever to be cultivated in Anatolia, which is considered to be the homeland of grapes. III) From here
grapes spread to other parts of the world. IV) Grape vines can be planted on mountainous, rocky, shallow and sloping
land unsuitable for other plant crops. V) The western regions of Anatolia constitute a suitable farming land for grape
vines.
a. I b. II c. III d. IV e. V

2. (I) My next-door neighbor and I are going to put up a fence between our two properties so that each of us will feel
that we have more privacy. (II) I am supplying the fence materials, and he is bringing the post-hole digger, paint, and
paint sprayer. (III) He and I will dig the holes and set the posts this afternoon. (IV) My daughter has a dancing lesson
today, but my wife can take her there. (V) We will start working on the fence again tomorrow morning.
a. I b. II c. III d. IV e. V

3. (I) Studies have shown that vegetables contain special nutrients that prevent certain diseases. (II) There are many
stories about children who do not like to eat vegetables. (III) For this reason, it is recommended that you eat at least
five servings of vegetables every day. (IV) Popular vegetables include potatoes, beans, broccoli, and carrots. (V) With
so many types of vegetables available, it is easy to include vegetables in your meals to maintain good health.
a. I b. II c. III d. IV e. V

4. (I) There are several reasons why many American women are waiting until they are 30 years old or older to have
their first baby. (II) Some women have good jobs and want to continue their careers. (III) Many American couples
have two children. (IV) Other women don't want the responsibility of having children until they are older. (V) Also
some women supporting feminist movement are against the idea of having a baby.
a. I b. II c. III d. IV e. V

M. Choose the best supporting sentence.

In modern life corn has many uses. ___________________. Corn is also hidden in many other foods: Cookies, bread
and beef. A large part of the corn production in the USA, in fact, goes to feed beef cattle. However, corn is not just a
food. It is also used in the production of all kinds of things, from glue to hand washing and paint. Recently,
manufacturers have begun to use corn to make any type of plastic for garbage bags. In many places, cars are now
powered by a mixture that contains ethanol, a fuel made from corn.
a) For some civilizations around the world, corn is a symbol of life.
b) We eat corn in many forms, from pop corn to corn oil, corn flour, and corn syrup.
c) Scientists are working on kinds of corn that can be cultivated in dry or very hot areas.
d) Millions of tons of corn are produced around the world every year.

  6  
N. Choose the sentence that doesn’t support the topic sentence below

TS: Saving certain recycle materials and taking them to recycling centres should be encouraged for a number
reasons.

a. Our towns, rivers and seas are becoming more and more polluted with household waste.
b. Hundreds of thousands of trees are unnecassily cut down to make paper products.
c. Many people argue that the actual process of collecting and recycling materials is expensive and unnecessary.
d. Pollution could easily be prevented if people took time to ort out, save and recycle their rubbish.

O. Which one is not a topic sentence?

a. There are many reasons why pollution in this city is the worst in the world.

b. To be an effective CEO requires certain characteristics.

c. There are many possible contributing factors to global warming.

d. Another advantage is that people have a good choice of doctors and hospitals if they get sick.

P. Choose the best topic sentence for the following paragraph.

__________. The buildings were old and people did not have money to fix them. There were no parks and no trees.
The roads had large holes in them. However, people always greeted each other on the street, and they often helped
each other. On summer evenings, people sat outside on their steps and talked. Everyone knew each other’s names.

a. Neighborhoods are quite different from what they used to be.

b. My old neighborhood was an ugly but a friendly place.
c. I once lived in a poor, ugly neighborhood but now I live in a rich one.
d. I grew up in a neighborhood in large city.

  7  
2018/ 2019 BEGINNER GROUP WORKSHEET KEY
A. Choose the best alternative.
For hundreds of years weird things have been happening in that part of the Atlantic Ocean known today as the
Bermuda Triangle. Until 1964 when an American writer 1________ the term ‘Bermuda Triangle’ in a magazine article,
it 2________ the Devil’s Triangle and the Triangle of Death.

If you look at the map of the region, you will see an almost perfect triangle. Since the beginning of the twentieth
century many ships and planes 3________ there without a trace of them.

In March 1918, a US Navy ship, the Cyclops, vanished while sailing from Barbados to Norfolk; there 4________ 309
men on board and no remains of the ship or its crew were found. 5________ several ships got lost in that region
between the years 1918 and 1945, Bermuda Triangle has attracted the attention of the whole world since 1945. On 5
December of that year something happened that 6________ people everywhere to take interest in the region.
7________ the perfect weather, all communication with a group of five US Navy planes 8________ in that region
mysteriously.

Between 1947 and 1973 over 140 ships and planes disappeared and left no evidence. Nobody knows what
9________to people in those ships and planes before they weren’t seen anymore. 10________, the Bermuda
Triangle 11________to be a mystery and will probably remain so for many years to be solved.

1. a. uses b. has used c. was used d. used

2. a. was called b. had called c. called d. has called
3. a. had disappeared b. have disappeared c. disappeared d. were disappeared
4. a. will be b. were c. have been d. are
5. a. Despite b. Therefore c. Although d .Unless
6. a. has caused b. caused c. had caused d. was caused
7. a. Despite b. Before c. Although d. Unless
8. a. has lost b. Lost c .had lost d. was lost
9. a. was happening b. had happened c. has happened d. has been happening
10. a. Furthermore b. In contrast c. Despite d. On the contrary
11. a. had continued b. would continue c. has been continuing d. should continue
B. Choose the best alternative
1. A: I moved last month. B: Why didn’t you tell me? I _____ you. A: I didn’t want to bother you.
a- must have helped b- could have helped c-couldn’t have helped d-shouldn’t have helped

2- He ______ forgotten to lock the door when he went out. A burglar broke into his house.
a- could have b- shouldn’t have c- has d- would have

3- She_______ mystery novels for several years before she_____the novels of Agatha Christie
a. had read / discovered b. was reading / would discover
c. read / was discovering d. was reading / discovered

4- My friend _____ a university student at the moment. He ____ in a government office after he ____ from the
university.
a- is / is working / graduates b- is / works / will graduate
c- is / will work / graduates d- is / would work / graduates

5- My sister normally __ at home, but she ___this week in Bodrum. She __ in a summer course there.
a. works / spends / is teaching b. works / is spending / is teaching
c. works / spends / teaches d. is working / is spending / has taught

6. “I would have tidied the room if I had known you were coming”.
What does the sentence above mean?
a- I knew you were coming b- I didn’t know you were coming
c- I tidied the living room d- I wanted to tidy the living room

7. Last year, uncontrollable fires _______ thousands of square miles of trees in Greece and the beautiful forests in the
area _______ completely.
a- were burnt/were destroyed b- burnt/destroyed
c- burnt/were destroyed d- were burnt/destroyed

  8  
8. A: I put your blue trousers in the washing machine yesterday.
B: Oh, no! You ______ that! They have to be dry-cleaned!!!
a- can’t have done b- shouldn’t have done c- might not have done d- couldn’t have done

9. Computers _____ an enormous and universal acceptance since they _____.

a- have been received/ have invented b- have received/ were invented
c- received/ were invented d- received/ have been invented

10. I have noticed that since I _____ the university, my life _____ much more interesting.
a.have entered / becomes b.had entered / became c.have entered / became d. entered / has become

11. Canada, _____ has a population of only about 29 million, ranks second in terms of area in the world.
a- whose b- where c- which d- that

12. Unfortunately, children _____ ages are under nine are not allowed to take part in these programmes _____ last
from one to five days.
a- who/ which b- whose/ when c- whose/ which d- who/ whose

13. I______ to him many times last year but I______ from him yet.
a. didn’t write / haven’t heard b.wrote / haven’t heard c.wrote / hear d.have written / didn’t hear

14. Most of the people ______the hall before the politician ______ his speech yesterday.
a. left / had finished b. has left / finished c. left / has finished d. had left / finished

15. As he______asleep while he ______the film, he couldn't see the end of it.  
a.fell /was watching b.falls / has been watching c. has fallen /has watched d. had fallen / would watch
 
16.  If John F. Kennedy ______to his secretary, he_______ during a parade in1963.  
a) listened / wouldn't be murdered b) had listened / would not have been murdered
c) listened / would be murdered d) would have listened / was murdered

What do the sentences in 17 & 18 mean?

17. We arrived late, so we missed the first act of the play.
a. We weren’t able to see the first act of the play as we got there late.
b. We didn’t want to get back late, so we only watched the first act of the play.
c. The first act of the play had just started when we arrived there.
d. The first act the play started as soon as we had arrived there.

18. By the time I graduated from high school, I had learned how to write an essay.
e. Until I graduated from high school, I had to learn to write an essay.
f. I learned how to write an essay. Then, I finished high school.
g. I finished high school while learning how to write an essay.
h. To graduate high school, I had to know how to write an essay.
C. Choose the best alternative.
Jeans ______1 one of the most worn pieces of clothing in the world. Everybody ______2 them, from the rural farmer
to the urban lawyer and from models to housewives. But why _____ jeans _____3 so popular? You get many
answers. For some people they ______ 4 cool, for others jeans are simply comfortable. Jeans ______ first ______ 5
as durable trousers for farm workers and miners in the states of the American west. A tailor called Jacob Davis
______6 the idea of using copper bolts at the corner of the pockets ______7 them stronger. They ______8 popular
instantly and soon many people bought them.
1. a. have become b. has become c. become d. becomes
2. a. wear b. wears c. wore d. has been wearing
3. a. has / become b. have / been becoming c. have / become d. has / been becoming
4. a. look b. are looking c. have looked d. have been looking
5. a. are / designed b. have been / designed c. were / designed d. - / designed
6. a. has b. had c. was d. had had
7. a. for making b. for make c. to making d. to make
8. a. became b. were becoming c. have become d. have been becoming
  9  
D. Choose the best alternative.

In a recent survey, David Sands, a lawyer, came in second as the man (1) ______ people in the UK most
admire. Who is David Sands? Why (2) ________ so many people look up to him?
(3) _______ graduating from Oxford Law School, Sands (4) _______ doing research on the automobile. (5) ________
he was studying automobile safety and design, he (6) ______ that automobile manufacturers marketed unsafe
automobiles for their profit. Then, he wrote a book
(7) _________was called “Unsafe at Any Speed”. That book exposed how (8) ___________ because
(9) _________ a defect in the steering wheel. (10) _________ the automobile manufacturers denied his findings, the
book attracted a lot of attention. In fact, (11) __________ government officials read his book, they decided
(12)_________ make the automobile manufacturers recall their poducts.

1. a. which b- who c. whose d. for whom

2. a. are b- have c. do d. were
3. a. after b. for c. since d. because
4. a. started b. had started c. was starting d. has started
5. a. during b. after c. before d. while
6. a. discovered b. had discovered c. was discovering d. has discovered
7.a. -------- b. which c. what d. whose
8. a. dangerous was the car b. dangerous the car was
c. was the car dangerous d. the car was dangerous
9. a. from b. of c. -------- d. to
10. a. Although b. In spite of c. However d. In contrast to
11. a. by the time b. then c. while d. after
12. a. making b. make c. to make d. to making

E. Choose the best alternative.

Dear Julie,

As you know, I _____1 in Paris a week ago but there was a problem with my suitcases. Unfortunately,

they had been sent to Madrid instead of Paris. Yesterday they_____2 me from the airport while I _____3 my first
dinner with my family and told me to go there and pick them up. You know what? It took me the whole afternoon to do
that. Well, I’m sure you are curious about what is going on here in Paris.
1. a. arrived b. was arriving c. had arrived d. has arrived
2. a. called b. were calling c. had called d. have called
3. a. had b. was having c. had had d. have had

The family who I _____4 with now are very nice. They treat me exactly like one of the family. They _____5 me to all
their friends. I share a room with Penny, the daughter of the family, who is my age. It’s amazing… Every morning her
mother _____6 us up with a cup of tea! Mr. Philips, Penny’s father, is also very nice. He _____7 Penny and me do
everything we want. He even allows us to borrow if we need to go somewhere far.

4. a. stay b. am staying c. have stayed d. stayed

5. a. already introduced b. had already introduced
c. have already introduced d. will already introduce
6. a. will wake b. is waking c. is going to wake d. wakes
7. a. will let b. lets c. is going to let d. has let

Tomorrow will be my first at the language school and I’m really looking forward to it. They told me to be there at 9
o’clock. I _____8 a placement test tomorrow. I expect they will announce the results this week. As soon as I _____9
which level I am at, I will give you a call. Well, that’s all from me now. Please write soon. I really would like to know
what’s going on there.

8. a. take b. have taken c. might take d. am taking

9. a. learn b. will learn c. am going to learn d. am learning

  10  
F. Circle the best answer.

Deborah and Henry 1- ____ married for thirty years. Their wedding 2- ___ place in a small English village in 1989.
Although both of them 3- ___ in London for many years when they met, they 4- ____ to try the countryside for a living.
They 5- ____ greenhouse plants ever since their marriage. When their first child, Melissa, was born, they 6- ____
their business successfully. 7- _____making good money from the plant business, Henry next tried 8- ____ antiques,
but he 9- _____give it up because it was taking too much of his time and he made a loss. If he 10a- _____ buying and
selling antiques, Deborah 10b- _____ very upset.

1- a- had been b- are c- will have been d- have been

2- a- was taken b- took c- was taking d- was being taken
3- a- were living b- have lived c- had lived d- have been living
4- a- decided b- have decided c- had decided d- were deciding
5- a- were growing b- are growing c- had grown d- have been growing
6- a- had already set up b- have already set up
c- already set up d- were already setting up
7- a- After b- Because c- During d- By the time
8- a- collecting and selling b- collect and sell c- to collect and sell d- to collecting and selling
9- a- must b- had to c- should d- might
10- a-had continued/ will be b- continued/ would be
c- had continued/ would have been d- continued / would have been

Also, at that time their second child, Nicolas 11- ____ born. Deborah and Henry are quiet content now with just
carrying on with the greenhouse business. At the moment, he 12- ____ a lot from it. Next year, he 13a- _____ adding
an annex selling fruits and vegetables if everything 13b- _____ to go well.

They lead a happy life in the countryside. They never go to London now to visit relatives unless a very important
occasion 14- ____ up.

11- a- was b- had been c- did d- is going to be

12- a- is earning b- has been earning c- has earned d- earns

13- a- tries / continues b- would try / continues c- will try / continues d- would try / continued

14- a- doesn’t come up b- comes c- will come d- won’t come

G: Choose the best answer.

I graduated from (1)- _____ School of Economics and Administrative Science three years ago, but I (2)- ____ a job
yet. Since then I (3)- _____ four different jobs. When I (4)- ____ home after my last day at school, my father said he
wanted me (5)- ____ a interesting job that would make me satisfied. He (6)- ____ after he (7) -____ for thirty years
for a company. He told me (8) -_____ his job. I hope I (9)-_____ a good job.

1- a- ------- b- a c- the d- at

2- a- haven’t been having b- haven’t had c- didn’t have d- don’t have

3- a- have been applying b- have applied c- had applied d- applied

4- a- was coming b- have come c- had come d- came

5- a- looking for b- to look for c- to looking for d- look for

6- a- retired b- was retiring c- had retired d- have retired

7- a- had worked b- was working c- worked d- has worked

8- a- has hated b- hates c- had hated d- hated

9- a- am able to b- am able c- will be able to d- will be able

  11  
H. Choose the best answer.

One night a group of teenagers were driving at speed on a motorway where – they thought - there was no obligation
to obey the 1______ as there wasn’t any signs of a police or a police car around. It was not 2_____ that the police
stopped them after a ten-minute fast drive. When the police asked for the driving licence, he directly looked into the
car. That moment was really 3_____ for the teenagers as they were not wearing their seat belts. 4_____, they were all
drunk. After all, the police only reminded them it was 5_____ to wear seat belts while travelling and let them go. It was
absolutely 6_____ for the teenagers that they were not either taken to the police station or fined.

1. a. steering wheel b. speed limit c. road safety d. traffic jam

2. a. scary b. disappointig c. surprising d. silly

3.a. terrifying b. fascinating c. freezing d. amusing

4. a. Especially b. In addition c.On the other hand d. In particular

5. a. ordinary b. dull c. essential d. brilliant

6. a. predictable b. enjoyable c. infuriating d. Astonishing

I. Choose the best answer.

Due to various socio-economic factors, the Earth 1 gets / is getting / got warmer year by year. According to experts,
since 1900, the whole planet 2 has warmed up / is warming up / warms up only by around 0.8 0C. By the end of the
21st century 3 ,in fact, /,even though, /;however, global warming is likely to cause an increase in the Earth’s
temperature of around 2-5 0C. It has led to climate change with frequent changes in the Earth’s weather 4 which is /
,which is / , that is harmful to the planet. Climate change is causing extremes of hot and cold weather. This can harm
the plants and animals of the Earth, and it may even cause water shortages and 5 storms / floods / droughts as a
result of a decrease in rainfall. Heavy rains 6 ,on the other hand, / ,what’s more, / ,especially, may result in
landslides in some areas where there is insufficient tree plantation.

J. Choose the best answer.

I get on fairly well with my family. 1)______, last night we had one of the worst arguments ever. My brother asked me
if he could borrow my iPad, and when I said no, he 2)_____ into my room and took it. When I complained to my mom,
she told me 3)_______ so childish. I was annoyed, but I didn’t say any more. I went upstairs to finish my homework,
which I thought would take about an hour. After that, I planned to go out. My friends offered 4) _____to a disco with
me and I agreed to meet them there.
The disco is very far away so I knew I would be home 5) _____ than usual. I thought I should ask my dad if that would
be okay. He usually 6)_______ me to do what I want because he knows I’m not as irresponsible 7)________ my
brother. But this time, he 8)______ to let me go out alone. In the end, he ordered me to go to my bedroom, 9)_______
I spent a very boring evening.
1. a. Although b. Since c. However d. Despite
2. a. go b. had gone c. went d. has gone
3. a. not to be b. not to being c. not be d. not being
4. a. to go b. go c. going d. to going
5. a. earlier b. later c. much late d. much early
6. a. reminds b. makes c. orders d. allows
7. a. than b. as c. like d. for
8. a. planned b. agrees c. refused d. hoped
9. a. that b. where c. which d. who

  12  
K. Choose the best answer.
1 12
I’ll  never  forget  the  day   ______  I  first  came   ______  Sue  Ellen  on  campus.  The  moment  I  saw  her,  I  was  overwhelmed  with  her  
3 4 5
_______  beauty.  I  thought  that  must  have  been  love   ____first  sight!  She  was  so  elegant,  and  regarded   ____  the  most  
6 7
beautiful  girl  in  town.  Moreover,  she  had  diverse  interests  that  differ   _____taking  photos  to  blog  writing.    She   ____  had  a  
reputation  for  being  an  athlete.  However,  I  wasn’t  very  outgoing,  and  I  was  a  bit  shy.  I  knew  I  had  to  do  something,  so  I  took  
8 9
___  exercising  in  order  to   ______  her  attention,  and  I  finally  did.  Eventually,  I  asked  her  to  go  on  a  date  and  we  found  out  that  
10 11
we  had  lots  in  common   _______  for  our  career  goals.   ______  we  loved  each  other,  she  decided  to  move  away  to  New  York  
when  she  received  a  job  offer.    Pursuing  a  long  distance  relationship  was  tough,  and  the  saying  “Out  of  sight,  out  of  mind”  
12 13
____  to  be  true  once  again.  time,  our  love  died  down,  and  we  broke  up. _______,  we  are  still  friends.  
1     a.  which       b.  where     c.  on  which     d.  since  
2.   a.  over       b.  up       c.  across       d.  in  
3.   a.  disappointing     b.  amazing     c.  dull       d.  ridiculous  
4.   a.  in       b.  on         c.  at       d.  from    
5.       a.  as       b.  from         c.  like       d.  for  
6.   a.  to       b.  in       c.  on       d.  from  
7.   a.  therefore       b.  moreover       c.  also       d.  but  
8.        a.  over       b.  after       c.  in       d.  up  
9.      a.  attract       b.  lose       c.  find       d.  show  
10.  a.  apart       b.  unlike       c.  except     d.  instead    
11.  a.  Although     b.  Despite     c.  Since       d.  Because  
12.  a.  proved     b.  admitted     c.  denied     d.  claimed  
13.  a.  Therefore     b.  But       c.  Furthermore     d.  However  
 
L. Choose the irrelevant sentence in each paragraph below
1. I) Grape vines provide employment opportunities because of the high manpower requirement. II) Grapes are one of
the oldest crops ever to be cultivated in Anatolia, which is considered to be the homeland of grapes. III) From here
grapes spread to other parts of the world. IV) Grape vines can be planted on mountainous, rocky, shallow and sloping
land unsuitable for other plant crops. V) The western regions of Anatolia constitute a suitable farming land for grape
vines.
a. I b. II c. III d. IV e. V

2. (I) My next-door neighbor and I are going to put up a fence between our two properties so that each of us will feel
that we have more privacy. (II) I am supplying the fence materials, and he is bringing the post-hole digger, paint, and
paint sprayer. (III) He and I will dig the holes and set the posts this afternoon. (IV) My daughter has a dancing lesson
today, but my wife can take her there. (V) We will start working on the fence again tomorrow morning.
a. I b. II c. III d. IV e. V

3. (I) Studies have shown that vegetables contain special nutrients that prevent certain diseases. (II) There are many
stories about children who do not like to eat vegetables. (III) For this reason, it is recommended that you eat at least
five servings of vegetables every day. (IV) Popular vegetables include potatoes, beans, broccoli, and carrots. (V) With
so many types of vegetables available, it is easy to include vegetables in your meals to maintain good health.
a. I b. II c. III d. IV e. V

4. (I) There are several reasons why many American women are waiting until they are 30 years old or older to have
their first baby. (II) Some women have good jobs and want to continue their careers. (III) Many American couples
have two children. (IV) Other women don't want the responsibility of having children until they are older. (V) Also
some women supporting feminist movement are against the idea of having a baby.
a. I b. II c. III d. IV e. V

M. Choose the best supporting sentence.

In modern life corn has many uses. ___________________. Corn is also hidden in many other foods: Cookies, bread
and beef. A large part of the corn production in the USA, in fact, goes to feed beef cattle. However, corn is not just a
food. It is also used in the production of all kinds of things, from glue to hand washing and paint. Recently,
manufacturers have begun to use corn to make any type of plastic for garbage bags. In many places, cars are now
powered by a mixture that contains ethanol, a fuel made from corn.
a) For some civilizations around the world, corn is a symbol of life.
b) We eat corn in many forms, from pop corn to corn oil, corn flour, and corn syrup.
c) Scientists are working on kinds of corn that can be cultivated in dry or very hot areas.
d) Millions of tons of corn are produced around the world every year.

  13  
N. Choose the sentence that doesn’t support the topic sentence below

TS: Saving certain recycle materials and taking them to recycling centres should be encouraged for a number
reasons.

e. Our towns, rivers and seas are becoming more and more polluted with household waste.
f. Hundreds of thousands of trees are unnecassily cut down to make paper products.
g. Many people argue that the actual process of collecting and recycling materials is expensive and unnecessary.
h. Pollution could easily be prevented if people took time to ort out, save and recycle their rubbish.

O. Which one is not a topic sentence?

a. There are many reasons why pollution in this city is the worst in the world.

b. To be an effective CEO requires certain characteristics.

c. There are many possible contributing factors to global warming.

d. Another advantage is that people have a good choice of doctors and hospitals if they get sick.

P. Choose the best topic sentence for the following paragraph.

__________. The buildings were old and people did not have money to fix them. There were no parks and no trees.
The roads had large holes in them. However, people always greeted each other on the street, and they often helped
each other. On summer evenings, people sat outside on their steps and talked. Everyone knew each other’s names.

a. Neighborhoods are quite different from what they used to be.

b. My old neighborhood was an ugly but a friendly place.
c. I once lived in a poor, ugly neighborhood but now I live in a rich one.
d. I grew up in a neighborhood in large city.

  14