Program 1(A):C program to display hello world.

AIM: Main objective of the C Program is to display Hello World message.

SOFTWARE USED: Visual Studio code using gcc compiler

CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
printf(“1.Hello World!!!\n”);
printf(“2.Hello\nWorld!!!\n”);
printf(“3.Hello\n\tWorld!!!\n”);
printf(“4. World!!!\n”);
printf(“5.Helloworld!!!\n”);
printf(“6.\”Hello\nWorld!!!\””);
}

TEST CASES :
OUTPUT:
1.Hello World!!!
2.Hello World!!!
3.Hello World!!!
4.World!!!
5.HelloWorld!!!
6.”Hello
World!!!”

1
Program 1(B): C Program to scan all data type variables as
input and print it as output.

AIM: The main objective of the C Program is to scan all data type
variables as input and print it as output.
SOFTWARE USED: Visual studio code using gcc compiler
CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
char a;
int b;
float c;
printf(“enter the char\n enter the integer \n
enter the float\n “,a,b,c);
scanf(“%c%i%f”,&a,&b,&c);
printf(“the char value read is %c \n the integer value read is %i
\n the float value read %f”,a,b,c);
}

2
TEST CASES AND OUTPUT:

S.No. Input Expected Output Actual Output

A The char value read is A The char value read

1 10 The integer value read is 10 is A
3.14 The float value read is 3.14 The integer value
read is 10The
float value read is
3.14

# 200 The char value read is # The char value read

2 123.34546 The integer value read is 200 is #
The float value read is 123.35 The integer value
read is 200
The float value read
is 123.35

2 123 The char value read is 2 The char value read

3 56.32156 The integer value read is 123 is 2
The float value read is 56.32 The integer value
read is 123
The float value read
is 56.32

3
 Program 1(C): C Program to perform arithmetic
operators like +,-,*,/,% on two input variables

AIM: The main objective of the C Program is to perform

arithmetic operators like, +, -, *, /, % on two input variables.
SOFTWARE USED: Visual studio code using gcc compiler
CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,s1,s2,s3,s4,s5;
printf(“enter the two numbers \n”);
scanf(“%d %d\n”, &a ,&b);
s1=a+b; s2=a-
b; s3=a/b;
s4=a*b; s5=a
% b;
printf(“SUM=%i \n SUBTRACTION=%i \n
DIVISION=%f\n MULTIPLICATION=%i \n MODULUS
DIVISION=%i”,s1,s2,s3,s4,s5);
}

4
TEST CASES AND OUTPUT:

S.NO INPUT

EXPECTED OUTPUT ACTUAL OUTPUT

1. 12 3 The addition is 15 SUM=15

The difference is 9 SUBTRACTION=9
The product is 36 DIVISION=4.000000
The quotient is 4 MULTIPLICATION=36
The remainder is 0 MODULUS
DIVISION=0

2. 1.2 The addition is SUM=2.5

1.3 2.500000 SUBTRACTION=-0.1
The DIVISION=0.923077
difference is - MULTIPLICATION
0.100000 =1.56
The product is MODULUS
1.560000. DIVISION=Cannot
quotient is
applied to float
0.923077. Modulo
numbers
operator cannot be
applied to
float.

3. ab The addition is 195 SUM=195

The difference is -1 SUBTRACTION=-1
The product is DIVISION=0
9506 The quotient MULTIPLICATION=95
is 0 06 MODULUS
The remainder is 97
DIVISION=97

5
Program 1(D): C Program to perform temperature
conversions from centigrade to Fahrenheit and vice versa

AIM: The main objective of the C Program is to perform

temperature conversions from centigrade to Fahrenheit and
vice versa.
SOFTWARE USED: Visual studio code using gcc compiler
CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
float F,C,X,Y;
printf(“enter the temperature in centigrade\n”,); scanf(“%f”, &C);
F=(C*9/5)+32;
printf(“ Converted Fahrenheit %f \n”,F);
printf(“enter the temperature in fahrenheit \n”);
scanf(“%f”, &x);
Y=(5*(X-32)/9);
printf(“Converted Celsius %f”,Y);
}

6
TEST CASES AND OUTPUT:

S.NO INPUT ACTUAL OUTPUT

EXPECTED OUTPUT

1. C=100 Converted
X=100 Fahrenheit:212.000000
Converted
The temperature
Celsius:37.770000
in
Fahrenheit is
212.000000 F
The temperature
in Celsius is
37.777780 C

2. C=50 Converted
X=36 Fahrenheit:122.000000
Converted
Celsius:2.222222
The temperature in
Fahrenheit is
122.000000 F
The temperature
in Celsius is
2.222222 C

7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Program 3(A): C Program to check whether a given integer is
in between two values
AIM: To check whether a given input integer is in between two values.
SOFTWARE USED: Visual Studio code using gcc compiler.
CODE:
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
int x,y,a;
printf("enter the values\n");
scanf("%d%d%d",&x,&y,&a);
if(x<a && a<y)
printf("%d is in between %d and %d\n",a,x,y);
else
printf("%d is not in between %d and %d\n",a,x,y);
}
TEST CASES AND OUTPUT:

S.NO INPUT EXPECTED ACTUAL OUTPUT

OUTPUT

1 -20 -10 Key value is -15 is in between

-15 between the -20 and -10
limits
Key value is not in 5 is not in
2 13 29 5 between the between 13 and
limits 29

21
Program 3(B): C Program to check whether a given character
is alphabet or a digit or a special symbol.

AIM: To check whether a given character is vowel or a constant or a

digit or a special symbol
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: Visual Studio code using gcc compiler
CODE :
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int ASCII;
char ch;
printf(“enter any character\n”);
scanf(“%c”,&ch);
ASCII=ch;
if ((ASCII>=65 && ASCII<=90) || (ASCII>=97 && ASCII<=122))
{
printf(“entered character is an alphabet\n”,ASCII);
}
else if(ASCII>=48 && ASCII<=57)
{
printf(“entered character is an digit\n”,ASCII);
}
else
{
printf(“entered character is an special symbol\n”,ASCII);
}
}

22
TEST CASES AND OUTPUT:

S.NO INPUT EXPECTED ACTUAL

OUTPUT OUTPUT

1. E ‘E’ is vowel ‘E’ is vowel

2. P ‘P’ is constant ‘P’ is constant

3. # ‘#’ is a special ‘#’ is a special

character character

23
Program 3(C): C program to display the nature and roots of a
quadratic equation.
AIM: The main objective of this program is to make the students use
if else in solving the problem.
SOFTWARE USED: Visual Studio code using gcc.
CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
float root1,root2,realpart,imagpart;
printf("Enter 'a' value :\nEnter 'b' value :\nEnter 'c' value :\n");
scanf("%d %d %d",&a,&b,&c);
if(b*b-4*a*c==0)
printf("Roots are real and equal");
else if(b*b-4*a*c>0)
printf("Roots are real and distinct");
else
printf("Roots are imaginary");
if(b*b-4*a*c>=0)
{
root1=(-b+sqrt(b*b-4*a*c))/2*a;
root2=(-b-sqrt(b*b-4*a*c))/2*a;

24
 printf("\n%f \t%f",root1,root2);
}
else
{
realpart = -b / (2 * a);
imagpart = sqrt((4*a*c)-b*b) / (2 * a);
printf("\nroot1 = %.2lf+%.2lfi and root2 = %.2f-%.2fi", realpart,
imagpart, realpart, imagpart);
}

TESTCASES AND OUTPUT :

s.no Input Expected output Actual output

1 Roots are real and Roots are real and

1. 4 equal. equal.
4 -2 -2 -2 -2
1 Roots are real and Roots are real and
2. -5 distinct. distinct.
6 3 2 3 2
1 Roots are imaginary. Roots are imaginary.
3. 2 root1=-1.00+1.00i and root1=-1.00+1.00i and
2 root2=-1.00-1.00i root2=-1.00-1.00i

25
Program 3(D): C program to perform arithmetic operations
using switch statement.
AIM: To perform arithmetic operations using switch statements.
SOFTWARE USED: Visual studio code using gcc compiler
CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,sum,sub,mul,div,rem;
char ch;
printf(“enter a, b values”);
scanf(“%d%d”, &a, &b);
printf(“enter the choice”);
scanf(“%c”,&ch);
switch(ch)
{
case ‘+’:{
sum=a+b;
printf(“sum=%d\n”,sum);
break;
}
case ‘-’:{
sub=a-b;

26
 printf(“sub=%d\n”,sub);
break;
}
case ‘*’:{
mul=a*b;
printf(“mul =%d\n”, mul);
break;
}
case ‘/’:{
div=a/b;
printf(“div =%d\n”, div);
break;
}
case ‘%’:{
rem=a%b;
printf(“rem=%d\n”, rem);
break;
}
}
default:
printf(“entered operator is not an arithmetic operator\n”);
}

27
TESTCASES:
S.no Input Expected output Actual output

10 Multiplication of 10 and Multiplication of 10 and

20 is : 200 20 is : 200
1. 20
*

10
2. 20 Division of 10 and 20 is : Division of 10 and 20 is :
/ 0 0

10
3. 20 Modulo division of 10 Modulo division of 10
and 20 is : 10 and 20 is : 10
%

10
4. 20 Please enter the correct Entered operator is not
@ operator an arithmetic operator

28
Program 3(E): C program to convert uppercase to lower case
and lower case to upper case.
AIM: To convert uppercase to lower case characters and lower case
to upper case characters.
SOFTWARE USED: Visual studio code using gcc compiler.
CODE:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int main()
char character;
printf(“enter a character=\t”);
scanf(“%c”,& character);
ASCII=character;
if(ASCII>65 && ASCII<90)
{
ASCII=character+32;
printf(“the converted lowercase character is %c\n”,ASCII);
}
else if(ASCII>97 && ASCII<122)
{
ASCII=character-32;
printf(“the converted uppercase character is %c\n”,ASCII);
}

29
else
printf(“entered character is not an alphabet”);
}
TESTCASES:
S.no Input Expected Actual output
output

1. a Uppercase is A Uppercase is A

2. @ Not an Not an
alphabet !!! alphabet !!!

3. A Lowercase is a Lowercase is a

30
Program 4(A): C Program to print odd numbers between
specified ranges.

AIM:
The main objective of this program is to print the odd numbers
between the specified ranges
SOFTWARE USED: Visual Studio code using gcc compiler
CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
printf(“Enter the values of a and b: ”);
scanf(“%d%d”,&a,&b);
for(c=a; c<b; c++)
{
if(c%2!=0)
{
printf(“\n%d\t”,c);
}
}
}

31
 TESTCASES:
S. INPUT EXPECTED OUTPUT ACTUAL OUTPUT
NO

1 10 30 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 11 13 15 17 19 21 23
25 27 29 25 27 29

2 -5 -3 -1 1 3 5 7 9 -3 -1 1 3 5 7 9
10

3 -30 -29 -27 -25 -23 -21 -29 -27 -25 -23 -21
-20

32
Program 4(B):C Program to display the factors of a given number and
check whether it is a prime or not.
AIM:
The main objective of this program is to display the factors of a given
program and check whether the number is prime or not.

SOFTWARE USED: Visual studio code using gcc compiler.

CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int x,i,count;
printf("enter the values of x:");
scanf("%d",&x);
count=0;
if(x>0)
{
printf("factors are :\n");
for(i=1;i<=x;i++)
{
if(x%i==0)
{
printf("%d,",i);
count++;
}
}
if(count==2)
{
printf("\n %d is a prime number",x);
}
else
{
printf("\n%d is not a prime number",x);
}
}
else
{
33
 printf("invalid input");
}
}

TEST CASES:

S.NO INPUT EXPECTED ACTUAL OUTPUT

OUTPUT
Factors are: Factors are:
1,2,4,8 1,2,4,8
1. 8
8 is not a prime 8 is not a prime
number number
Invalid input Invalid input number
-9 number
2.

Factors are: Factors are:

1,89 1,89
3. 89
89 is a prime 89 is a prime
number number

34
Program 4(C): C Program to display the sum of individual digits of a
given integer raised to the power of n. Also check whether the given
integer is Armstrong or not.
AIM:
The main objective of this program is to display the sum of individual
digits of a given integer raised to the power of n. Also check whether
the given integer is Armstrong or not.

SOFTWARE USED: Visual studio code using gcc compiler

CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int num,b,rem,sum=0,temp;
printf("Enter the numbers: ");
scanf("%d%d",&num,&b);
temp=num;
while(num!=0)
{
rem=rem%10;
sum=sum+(rem*rem*rem);
num=num/10;
}
printf(“\nSum of individual digits raised to the power of %d is
%d\n”,b,sum);
if(temp==sum)
printf("%d is an armstrong number\n",temp);
else
printf("%d is not an armstrong number\n",temp);
}

35
TEST CASES:

S.NO INPUT EXPECTED OUTPUT ACTUAL OUTPUT

1 371 Sum of individual digits Sum of individual

3 raised to the power of digits raised to the
3 is 371. power of 3 is 371.
371 is an Armstrong 371 is an Armstrong
number number
2 9474 Sum of individual digits Sum of individual
4 raised to the power of digits raised to the
4 is 9474. power of 4 is 9474.
9474 is an Armstrong 9474 is an
number Armstrong number.
3 150 Sum of individual digits Sum of individual
4 raised to the power of digits raised to the
4 is 626. power of 4 is 626.
150 is not an 150 is not an
Armstrong number Armstrong number

36
Program 4(D):C Program to demonstrate the usage of
unconditional control statements
AIM: The main objective of this program is to demonstrate the usage of
unconditional control statements.
SOFTWARE USED: Visual studio code using gcc compiler.
CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a,b,i,x;
printf("enter the values of a and b:");
scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
printf(“\nusage of break statement\n”);
for(i=0; i<=a; i++)
{
if(i==b)
break;
}
printf("%d\n",i);
printf(“usage of continue statement\n”);
for(i=0; i<a; i++)
{
if(i==b)
continue;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
printf(“usage of goto statement\n ”);
for(i=1; i<a; i++)
{
goto label;
printf("%d\n",i);
}
label:
return 0;
}

37
TEST CASES:
S.NO INPUT EXPECTED ACTUAL
OUTPUT OUTPUT
1. 10 Usage of break statement Usage of break
4 0123 statement
0123
Usage of continue
statement Usage of continue
012356789 statement
012356789
Usage of goto statement
0123 Usage of goto statement
0123
loop break
loop break
2. 15 Usage of break statement Usage of break
6 012345 statement
012345
Usage of continue
statement Usage of continue
0 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 statement
13 14 0 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14
Usage of goto statement
Usage of goto
012345
statement
012345
3. 5 Usage of break statement Usage of break
2 01 statement
01
Usage of continue
statement Usage of continue
0134 statement
0134
Usage of goto statement
Usage of goto statement
01.
0 1.

38
Program 4(E):C Program to display the following pattern
54321
4321
321
21
1

AIM: The main objective of this program is to display the

following pattern.
54321
4321
321
21
1

SOFTWARE USED: Visual studio code using gcc

compiler.

39
CODE:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int r,c,i,j;
printf("enter the number of rows:");
scanf("%d",&r);
printf(“\n”);
for(i=r; i>=1; i--)
{
for(j=r; j>=i; j--)
{
printf(" ");
}
for(c=i; c>=1; c--)
printf("%d ",c);
printf("\n");
}
return 0;
}

40
TESTCASES:
S.NO INPUT EXPECTED OUTPUT ACTUAL OUTPUT

1. 54321 54321
4321 4321
321 321
5 21 21
1 1

2. 54321 54321
4321 4321
5 321 321
21 21
1 1
3. 54321 54321
4321 4321
5 321 321
21 21
1 1

41
Program 5(A): C Program to demonstrate the various
categories of functions with respect to return type and
number of arguments.
AIM: The main objective of this program is to make familiar with
categories of functions.

SOFTWARE USED: Visual Studio code using gcc compiler

CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
void sum_1();
int sum_2();
void sum_3(int,int);
int sum_4(int,int);
void main()
{
int A,B,a,b,p=-5,q=6,r=-3,s=-7;
sum_1();
A=sum_2();
printf("The sum of a and b with no arguments
and return type is %d\n",A);
sum_3(p,q);
B=sum_4(r,s);
printf("The sum of a and b with arguments and return type
is %d\n",B);
}
void sum_1()
{
int add,a=2,b=3;
add=a+b;
printf("The sum of a and b with no arguements
and no return type is %d\n",add);

}
int sum_2()
{

42
 int a=5,b=6,add;
add=a+b;
return(add);
}
void sum_3(int x,int y)
{
int add;
add=x+y;
printf("The sum of a and b with arguments and no return
type is %d\n",add);
}
int sum_4(int x,int y)
{
int add;
add=x+y;
return(add);
}

43
TEST CASES AND OUTPUT:

S.NO. INPUT EXPECTED ACTUAL

OUTPUT OUTPUT

1. 23 The sum of num1 The sum of num1

and num2 with no and num2 with no
arguments and no arguments and no
return type is return type is
5 5

2. 56 The sum of num1 The sum of num1

and num2 with no and num2 with no
arguments and arguments and
return type is 11 return type is 11

3. -5 6 The sum of num1 The sum of num1

and num2 with and num2 with
arguments and no arguments and no
return type is 1 return type is 1

The sum of num1 The sum of num1

4. -3 -7 and num2 with and num2 with
arguments and arguments and
return type is -10 return type is -10

44
PROGRAM 5(B): C PROGRAM TO FIND THE LCM OF TWO
NUMBERS USING FUNCTIONS.
AIM: The main objective of this program is to make familiar with to
find the LCM of two numbers.

SOFTWARE USED: Visual Studio code using gcc compiler.

CODE:
#include<stdio.h> int
lcm(int,int);
int main()
{
int a,b,n;
printf(“enter the two numbers \n”);

scanf(“%d %d “,&a,&b);

n=lcm(a,b);

printf(“The lcm of %d and %d is %d“,a,b,n);

}
int lcm(int a, int b)

{
int i;
for(i=2; i<(a*b); i++)
{

45
if(i%a == 0 && i%b == 0) {
return i;
break;
}
else {
printf(“LCM is undefined\n”);
break;
}
}
TEST CASES AND OUTPUT:

S.NO INPUT
ACTUAL OUTPUT
EXPECTED OUTPUT
1. 9 24 The LCM of 9 and 24 The LCM of 9 and 24 is
is 72. 72.

2. 57 The LCM of 5 and 7 is The LCM of 5 and 7 is

35. 35.

3. 40 LCM is LCM is
Undefined Undefined

46
Program 5(C): Create header file which contains the
following prototype:
i) int factorial(int); // non-recursive function
ii) int factorial_rec(int); //Recursive function
iii) int prime(int);
Use the above functions in a C program by including the
above header file.

AIM:
The main objective of this program is to create a user-defined header
file containing prototypes: i. int factorial(int) ; // non-recursive
function ii.int factorial_rec(int); //Recursive function
iii. int prime(int);
To use them in a C program by including the header file.

SOFTWARE USED: Visual Studio Code using gcc compiler.

CODE:
functions.h //header file

int factorial(int n)
{ int f=1,i;
for(i=n;i>=1;i--
) f=f*i;
return f;
}
int factorial_rec(int n)

47
{
int fact=1;
if(n==1) return 1;
else
fact=n*factorial_rec(
n-1); return fact;
}
int prime(int n)
{
int i,flag=0;
for(i=2;i<=n/2;i+
+) if(n%i==0)
flag=1; return
flag;
}

week5C.c //Main Program

#include<stdio.h>
#include"header.h”
void main()
{
int n,p;
printf("enter a number \n"); scanf("%d",&n);
printf("The factorial of %d without recursion is
%d\n",n,factorial(n)); printf("The factorial of %d
with recursion is %d\n",n,factorial_rec(n));
p=prime(n);

48
if(p==0)
printf("%d is a prime number\n",n);
else
printf("%d is not a prime
number\n",n);
}

49
TEST CASES AND OUTPUT:
S. Input Expected Output Actual Output
No
1 5 The factorial of 5
The factorial of 5 without
without recursion is
recursion is 120
120
The factorial of 5 with
The factorial of 5 with
recursion is
recursion is
120
120
5 is a prime number.
5 is a prime number.
2 7 The factorial of 7
The factorial of 7 without
without recursion is
recursion is 5040
5040
The factorial of 7 with
The factorial of 7 with
recursion is
recursion is
5040
5040
7 is a prime number.
7 is a prime number.
3 8 The factorial of 8
The factorial of 8 without
without recursion is
recursion is 40320
40320
The factorial of 8 with
The factorial of 8 with
recursion is
recursion is
40320
40320
8 is not a prime number.
8 is not a prime number.

50
Program 5(D): C program to display Pascal’s triangle using
functions.
AIM: The main objective of the C program is to display Pascal's
triangle using functions.
SOFTWARE USED: Visual Studio using gcc compiler
CODE:
#include <stdio.h>
void pascal(int);
void main(){
int row;
printf(“enter the rows\n”);
scanf(“%d”, &row);
pascal(row);
}
void pascal(int x){
int sp,i,j,x=1;
for(i=0; i<n; i++){
for(sp=1; sp<n-i; sp--)
printf(“ ”);
for(j=0; j<=i; j++){
if(i==0 || j==0)
x=1;
else
x=x*(i-j+1)/j;

51
printf(“%d”,x);
}
}
TEST CASES:

S.No. Input Expected Output Actual output

1 1
11 11
1 4 121 121
1331 1331
1 1
11 11
2 5 121 121
1331 1331
14641 14641
1 1
11 11
121 121
3 7 1331 1331
14641 14641
1 5 10 10 5 1 1 5 10 10 5 1
1 6 15 20 15 6 1 1 6 15 20 15 6 1

52
Program-6(A): C program to read n integer values into an
array and display them.
AIM: The main objective of this program is to make familiar with
accessing array elements.
SOFTWARE USED: Visual Studio code using GCC compiler.

CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int arr[100],i,n;
printf("enter number of values in array:");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("enter values into array:");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%d",&arr[i]);
printf("values into array are:");
}
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("%d\n",arr[i]);
}
}

TEST CASES:

SNo Input Expected Output Actual Output

1 5 The elements in the The elements in the

10 20 30 40 array are 10 20 30 40
50 50(with single space) array are 10 20 30 40
50(with single space)
2 4 The elements in the array The elements in the
10 -20 30 - are 10 array are 10
40 -20 30 -40 (with tab -20 30 -40 (with tab
spaces)
spaces)

53
Program-6(B): C program to count and display the number of
positive, negative, even and odd numbers in a given array of
integers and display their sum.

AIM: The main objective of this program is to make familiar with

accessing array elements.

SOFTWARE USED: Visual Studio code using GCC compiler.

CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int n = 5,a[n],i,pos=0,neg=0,even=0,odd=0;
printf("enter %d integer numbers\n",n);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
if(a[i]>0)
pos++;
elseif(a[i]<0)
neg++;
elseif(a[i]%2==0)
even++;
else
odd++;
}
printf("\n positive : %d\n",pos);
printf("\n negative : %d\n",neg);
printf("\n even : %d\n",even);
printf("\n odd : %d\n",odd);

54
 TEST CASES:

SNo Input Expected Output Actual Output

1 4 The positive numbers areThe positive numbers
1
0 0 3 -2 The negative numbers areare 1
1 The negative numbers
The odd numbers are 1
are 1
The even numbers are 3
The odd numbers are 1
0 is neither positive nor
negative The even numbers are 3
The sum is 1 0 is neither positive nor
negative
The sum is 1
2 5 The positive numbers are The positive numbers
5
1 2 3 4 The negative numbers are are 5
5 0 The negative numbers
The odd numbers are 3
are 0
The even numbers are 2
The odd numbers are 3
The sum is 15 The even numbers are 2
The sum is 15

55
Program-6(C): C program to find the smallest and
largest numbers in an array of integers.
AIM: The main objective of this program is to make familiar
with accessing array elements.
SOFTWARE USED:Visual Studio code using Gcc compiler
CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[50], size, i, big, small;
printf("\nEnter the size of the array: ");
scanf("%d", &size);
printf("Enter the %d elements of the array:",
size);
for(i=0;i<size;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
big=a[0];
for(i=1;i<size;i++)
{
if(big<a[i]) {
big=a[i];
}
printf("The largest element is: %d", big);
small=a[0];
for(i=1;i<size;i++)
{
if(small>a[i])
small=a[i];
}
printf("The smallest element is: %d", small);
return 0;
}

56
TEST CASES:
S. input Expected Output Actual Output
No
1 5 The smallest element The smallest element
10 5 20 13 4 is 4 is 4
The biggest element
The biggest element
is 20
is 20
2 6 The smallest The smallest element
-5 -4 -6 -8 -10 is -20
-20 element is -20 The The biggest element
is -4
biggest element is -4
3 5 The smallest The smallest element
10 -2 -20 5 -3 is -20
element is -20 The The biggest element
is 10
biggest element is
10

57
Program-6(D): C program to perform addition, multiplication,
transpose of given matrices using functions.

AIM: The main objective of this program is to make

familiar with accessing array elements.
SOFTWARE USED: Visual studio code using Gcc
compiler
CODE:
#include <stdio.h>
int r,c,r1,c1, a[100][100], b[100][100],
sum[100][100],mul[100][100],i,j,k;
int add(){
// adding two matrices
if(r==r1&&c==c1){
for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
sum[i][j] = a[i][j] + b[i][j];
}
printf("\nSum of two matrices: \n");
for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
printf("%d ", sum[i][j]);
}
printf("\n\n");

else

58
printf("Addition not possible");
}
int prod(){
//mutiplying two matrices
if(c==r1){
for (i=0;i<r;i++)
for (j=0;j<=c1;j++){
for(k=0;k<=c1;k++)
mul[i][j]+=a[i][k]*b[k][j];
}
printf("\nmultiplication of two matrices: \n");
for (i = 0; i < r; ++i){
for (j = 0; j < c1; ++j) {
printf("%d ", mul[i][j]);
}
printf("\n\n");
}
}
else
printf("Multiplication not possible");
}
int tran(){
printf("Transpose of first matrix is\n");
for (i=0;i<r;i++){
for (j=0;j<c;j++){
printf("%d ",a[j][i]);
}
printf("\n\n");

59
 }
printf("Transpose of second matrix is\n");
for (i=0;i<r;i++){
for (j=0;j<c;j++){
printf("%d ",b[j][i]);
}
printf("\n\n");
}
int main() {
printf("Enter the number of rows: ");
scanf("%d", &r);
printf("Enter the number of columns: ");
scanf("%d", &c);
printf("Enter the number of rows in 2nd matrix: ");
scanf("%d", &r1);
printf("Enter the number of columns in 2nd matrix:
");
scanf("%d", &c1);
printf("\nEnter elements of 1st matrix:\n");
for (i = 0; i < r; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
printf("Enter element a%d%d: ", i + 1, j + 1);
scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);
}
printf("Enter elements of 2nd matrix:\n");
for (i = 0; i < r1; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < c1; ++j) {
printf("Enter element b%d%d: ", i + 1, j + 1);

60
scanf("%d", &b[i][j]);
}
add();
prod();
tran();
return 0;
}

TEST CASES:
S Input Expected output Actual Output
NO
1 33 Addition is not possible Addition is not possible
1 0 0 0 1 0 0 The multiplication is The multiplication is
01 12
32 12
34
123456 34 56
56 The Transpose of second
matrix is
The Transpose of second 14
matrix is
14 25
36
25
36
2 22 Addition is not possible Addition is not possible
1001 Multiplication is not Multiplication is not
possible possible
33 Transpose of first matrix
is Transpose of first matrix
123456 10 is
789 01 10
01

61
Program-6(E): C program to check whether a given integer exists in
a list of numbers and print its index value if it is present, otherwise
print “No”.

AIM: C Program to check whether a given integer exists is a

list of numbers and print its index value if it is present
otherwise print “NO”.
SOFTWARE USED: Visual studio code using Gcc
compiler
CODE:
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a[100],i,n,k;
printf("Enter size of the array : ");
scanf("%d", &n);
printf("Enter elements in array:\n");
for(i=0; i<n; i++){
scanf("%d",&a[i]);
}
printf("Enter element to search : ");
scanf("%d", &k);
for(i=0; i<n; i++)
{
if(a[i]==k)
printf("Element found at %d position",i);
else
printf("Element not found");
}
return 0;
}

62
 TEST CASES:
SNo Input Expected output Actual Output
1 5 Element found at 4 Element found at 4
10 3 -4 15 6
position position
15
2 5 Element not found Element not found
10 3 -4 15 6
20
3 5 Element found at 2 Element found at 2
position
32527 position
2 Element found at 4 Element found at 4
position position

63
Program 7(A): C program to convert upper case character to
lowercase and vice versa in a given string.
AIM: Convert upper case character to lowercase and vice versa in a
given string.
SOFT WARE REQUIRED: Visual studio code
PROGRAM:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
Void main()
{
char name[20];
Int i,I;
Printf(“Enter string \n”)
gets(name);
l=strlen(name);
{
if(name[i]>=65 && name[ i ]<=90)
name[i]=name[i]+32;
else if(name[i]==97 && name[ i ]<=122)
name[i]=name[i]-32;
}
Printf(“the string is %s “,name);
}

64
TEST CASES
INPUT EXPECTED OUPUT ACTUAL OUTPUT

Hello GVP hELLO gvp hELLO gvp

Welcome iNdiA wELCOME InDIa wELCOME InDIa

aDITYA 369 Aditya 369 Aditya 369

123 123 123

65
Program 7(B):C Program to delete all vowels in a given string
and display the remaining string
AIM: Delete all vowels in a given string and display the
Remaining string
SOFTWARE REQUIRED : visual studio code
CODE :
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main()
{
char name[50];
int I,j,l,t,n,c;
printf(“please enter the name in lower case:\n”);
scanf(“%s”,&name);
l=strlen(name);
printf(“%d”,l);
for(i=0;i<l;i++)
{
n=name[i];
if(n==65|| n==69|| n==73|| n==79|| n==85|| n==97||
n==101|| n==105|| n==111|| n==117)

{
for(j=i;j<l;j++)

66
 {
name[I]=name[j+1];
c=name[l-1];
If(c==65|| c==69|| c==73|| c==79|| c==85|| c==97|| c==101||
c==105|| c==111|| c==117||)
name[l-1]=32;
}
i=i-1;
l=l-1;
}
}
printf(“%s”,name);
}
TEST CASES:

INPUT EXPECTED OUTPUT ACTUAL

OUTPUT

Programming in c Prgrmmng nc Prgrmmng nc

algorithm lgrthm lgrthm

gvpce gvpc gvpc

67
Program 7(C): C program to check whether a given
string is palindrome or not.
Aim: The main objective of this program is to make familiar
with reversing a given string, comparing string
Software Used: Visual Studio code using GCC compiler
Code :
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main()
{
int I,l,a=0; char str[100];
printf(“enter a string”); scanf(“%s”,str); l=strlen(str);
for(i=0; i<1;i++);
{

if (str[i]!=str[l-i-1])
{
a=1;
break;
}
}
if(a==0)
Printf(“%s is a palindrome”,str);
else

68
printf(“%s is not a palindrome”,str);
}

TEST CASES:

s.no Input Expected Output Actual

Output

1 MalayalM The given string is MalayalM is

palindrome a palindrome

2 collect The given string is not Collect is not

palindrome palindrome

3 The given string is is a

palindrome palindrome

4 \o The given string is not a \0 is not a

palindrome palindrome

69
Program 7(D): Program that reads two integers as
strings and display their sum.
Aim: C Program that reads two integers as strings and display
their sum.
Software used: VISUAL STUDIOS (gcc complier)
Code:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main()
{
char name[50];
int I,j,l,t,n,c;
printf(“please enter the name in lower case:\n”);
scanf(“%s”,&name);
l=strlen(name);
printf(“%d”,l);
for(i=0;i<l;i++)
{
n=name[i];
if(n==65|| n==69|| n==73|| n==79|| n==85||
n==97||n==101|| n==105|| n==111|| n==117||)
{
for(j=i;j<l;j++)

70
{
name[I]=name[j+1];
c=name[l-1];
If(c==65|| c==69|| c==73|| c==79|| c==85|| c==97|| c==101||
c==105|| c==111|| c==117||)
name[l-1]=32;
}
i=i-1;
l=l-1;
}
}
printf(“%s”,name);
}
TEST CASE:

S.NO. INPUT Expected output Actual Output

1 123 The sum of two given strings The sum of two given
37 123 and 37 is 160 strings 123 and 37 is
160
2 123 Enter correct input
Enter correct input
\0
3 154 Enter correct input Enter correct input
$
4 123 The sum of two given string the sum of two strings
123 and is 123 123 and is 123.

71
Program-8(A):- C Program to demonstrate the usage of at
least 10 predefined string handling functions.

Aim:
Main objective of this program is to make familiar with predefined
string handling functions.
Software used:
Visual studio code
Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main()
{
char s1[50],s2[50],s3[50],s4[50],s5[50],s6[50],s7[50];
int l,k;
printf("enter first string for string length,string comparision,to
convert into string upper:\n");
gets(s1);
printf(“enter second string for string length,string
comparision,to convert into string upper:\n”);
gets(s2);
printf(“enter string in upper case character to convert into lower
case:\n”);

72
 gets(s3);
printf(“enter first string for string contanetion:\n”);
gets(s4);
printf(“enter second string for string contanation:\n”);
gets(s5);
printf(“enter first string for string copy:\n”);
gets(s6);
printf(“enter second string for string copy:\n”);
gets(s7);
l=strlen(s1);
printf( “string length:%d”,l);
k=strcmp(s1,s2);
print(“string comparision:%d”,k);
strupr(s1);
printf(“string upper case:%s”,s1);
strlwr(s3);
printf(“string lower case:%s”,s3);
strrev(s2);
printf(“string reverse:%s”,s2);
strcat(s4,s5);
printf(“string cantenation:%s”,s4);
strcpy(s6,s7);
printf(“string copy :%s”,s6);
}

73
output:
enter first string for string length,stringcomparision,to convert into
string upper :
program
enter second string for string length,stringcomparision,to convert
into string upper :
computer
enter string in upper case character to convert into lower case :
COLLEGE
enter first string for string contanetion:
tony
enter second string for string contanation:
stark
enter first string for string copy:
engineering
enter first string for string copy:
gayatri
string length:7
string comparision:1
string upper case: PROGRAM
string lower case: college
string reverse:retupmoc
string cantenation:tonystark
string copy: gayatri

74
Program-8(B): C program that implements the following user defined
string handling functions.
1. To find the length of the given string
2. To copy the contents of one string to another
3. To reverse the contents of a string
4. To compare two strings
5. To concatenate two strings
Aim:
The main objective of this program is to make familiar with user-
defined string handling functions.
Software used:
Visual studio code.

75
1. To find the length of the given string
Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
Void main()
{
Char alpha[100];
Int i=0;
Printf(“Enter the string:”);
Gets(alpha);
While(alpha[i]!=’\0’)
{
i++;
}
Printf(“The length of the string is :%d \n”,i);
}

Output:
Enter the string: ARIES
The length of the string is: 5

76
2. To copy the contents of one string to another
Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<strig.h>
void main()
{
char alpha[100],beta[100];
int i=0;
printf(“Enter the string: ”);
gets(alpha);
while(alpha[i]!=’\0’)
{
beta[i]=alpha[i];
i++;
}
beta[i]=’\0’;
printf(“The given string is ‘%s’”,alpha);
printf(“The string copied is ‘%s’”,beta);
}
Output:
Enter the string:Aries
The given string is ‘Aries’
The string copied is ‘Aries’

77
3. To reverse the contents of a string
Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main()
{
char alpha[100],temp;
int i,l;
printf(“Enter string : ”);
scanf(“%s”,alpha);
l=strlen(alpha)-1;
for(i=0;i<strlen(alpha)/2;i++)
{
temp = alpha[i];
alpha[i] = alpha[l-i];
alpha[l-i] = temp;
}
printf(“\n Reversed string is : %s”,alpha);
}
Output:
Enter string : ARIES
Reversed string is : SEIRA

78
4. To compare two strings
Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main()
{
char alpha[100],beta[100];
int i=0,count=0,l1,l2;
printf(“Enter the string : ”);
gets(alpha);
printf(“Enter the string : ”);
gets(beta);
l1=strlen(alpha);
l2=strlen(beta);
if(l1==l2)
{
for(i=0;i<l1;i++)
{
If(alpha[i]==beta[i])
count++;
}
If(count>0)
printf(“The given strings are same.”);

79
 else
printf(“The given strings are not same.”);
}
else
printf(“The given strings are not same.”);
}
Output:
Enter the string : ARIES
Enter the string : ZEUS
The given strings are not same

80
5. To concatenate two strings
Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main()
{
char alpha[100],beta[100];
int l1,l2,i=0;
printf(“enter the string : ”);
puts(alpha);
printf(“enter the string : ”);
puts(beta);
l1=strlen(alpha);
l2=strlen(beta);
for(i=0;i<=l2;i++)
{
Alpha[l1+i]=beta[i];
}
Printf(“%s”,alpha);
}

81
 TESTCASES:
S. No Input Expected Actual
Output Output
1. GVP College String length is 11 The string length is:
11
2. GVP College String copied is The string copied is
GVP College ‘GVP College’
3. GVP College String reversed is Reversed string is
egelloC PVG egelloC GVP
4. GVP College Strings are not same The given strings
Gvp College are not same
5. Gvp Gvp College Gvp College
College

82
Program 9(A): C program to demonstrate the usage of
pointers.
AIM :
The main objective of this program is to make familiar with the
usage of pointers.
Software used :
Visual studio code.
Program :
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a=5;
int *p;
p=&a;
printf("value of a : %d\n",a);
printf("value of a : %d\n",*p);
printf("Address of a :%u\n",&a);
printf("Address of a in hexadecimal form:%x\n",&a);
printf("Address of a :%u\n",p);
printf("Address of a in hexadecimal form:%x\n",p);
}

83
Output :
value of a : 5
value of a : 5
Address of a : 1780408940
Address of a in hexadecimal form : 6a1ee26c
Address of a : 1780408940
Address of a in hexadecimal form : 6a1ee26c

84
Program 9(B) : C program that uses dynamic memory
allocation functions to add n elements and display their
average.
Aim : The main objective of this program is to make familiar with the
usage of dynamic memory allocating functions.
Software used : Visual studio code.
Program :
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
void main()
{
int *p,i,n;
float avg,sum=0;
printf("Enter n value\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
p=malloc(n);
if(p!=NULL)
{
printf("Enter the values\n");
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
scanf("%d",&*(p+i));
sum=sum+(*(p+i));
}

85
 for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
printf("The entered value = %d\n",*(p+i));
}
printf("The sum = %f\n",sum);
avg=sum/n;
printf("The average = %f",avg);
}
else
printf("The memory is not allocated");
free(p);
}
Output :
Enter n value : 4
Enter the values : 1 2 3 4
The entered value =1
The entered value =2
The entered value =3
The entered value =4
The sum=10.000000
The average=2.500000

86
Program 9(C) : C program that performs pointer arithmetic.
Aim : The main objective of this program is to make familiar with the
pointer arithmetic.
Software used : Visual studio code.
Program :

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a[]={15,16,17,18,19};
int *p,*q;
p=a;
q=&a[3];
printf("p-q is %d\n",p-q);
printf("q-p is %d\n",q-p);
printf(" value at p+3 is %d\n",*(p+3));
printf(" value at p-3 is %d\n",*(p-3));
printf(" value at q-3 is %d\n",*(q+3));
printf(" value at q-3 is %d\n",*(q-3));
printf(" Address of p+3 is %x\n",(p+3));
printf(" Address of p-3 is %x\n",(p-3));
printf(" Address of q-3 is %x\n",(q+3));
printf(" Address of q-3 is %x\n",(q-3));
printf("*p++ = %d\n",*p++);

87
 printf("p++ = %x\n",p++);
printf("*++p = %d\n",*++p);
printf("++p = %x\n",++p);
printf("*q-- = %d\n",*q--);
printf("q-- = %x\n",q--);
printf("*--q = %d\n",*--q);
printf("--q = %x\n",--q);
}

88
Output :
p-q is -3
q-p is 3
value at p+3 is 18
value at p-3 is 32766
value at q-3 is -1145479936
value at q-3 is 15
Address of p+3 is cd75056c
Address of p-3 is cd750554
Address of q-3 is cd750578
Address of q-3 is cd750560
*p++ = 15
p++ = cd750564
*++p = 18
++p = cd750570
*q-- = 18
q-- = cd750568
*--q = 15
--q = cd75055c

89
Program 9(D): C program that implements call by reference.
Aim :
The main objective of this program is to make familiar with function
call using call by reference.
Software used :
Visual studio code.
Program :
#include<stdio.h>
void add(int*,int*);
void main()
{
int x,y;
printf("Enter the values of x and y :\n");
scanf("%d %d",&x,&y);
add(&x,&y);
}
void add(int*a,int*b)
{
int sum;
sum=*a+*b;
printf("Sum of given two numbers is %d",sum);
}

90
Output :
Enter the values of x and y :
5 8
Sum of given two numbers is 13

91
Program 10: C program to demonstrate the following
1. Pointers to pointers
2. Array of pointers
3. Pointers to array
4. Pointers to function
AIM:
The main objective of this program is to make familiar the usage of
pointers, arrays and functions.
SOFTWARE USED: VISUAL STUDIO CODE (gcc complier).
Program:
1)Pointers to pointers:
CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int a;
int *p;
int **q;
int ***r;
printf(“enter the value\n”);
scanf(“%d”,&a);
p=&a;
q=&p;
r=&q;

92
printf(“the value entered is %d\n”,a);
printf(“the value entered is %d\n”,*p);
printf(“the value entered is %d\n”**q);
printf(“the value entered is %d\n”***r); }

Input & Output:

Input:
a=5
Output:
the value entered is 5
the value entered is 5
the value entered is 5
the value entered is 5

93
2)Array of pointers:
CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
const int max=3;
void main()
{
int var[]={10,100,200};
int i,*ptr[max];
for(i=0 ; i<max ; i++)
{
ptr [i]=&var[i];
}
for(i=0 ; i<max ; i++)
{
printf(“value of var[%d]=%d\n”,i,*ptr[i]);
}
}

Input & Output:

No input required
Output:
value of var[0]=10
value of var[1]=100
value of var[2]=200

94
3)pointer to array
CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int n=5, i;
int arr[5]={11,12,13,14,15};
int *ptr;
ptr=arr;
for(i=0;i<n;i++){
printf("%d\t",*ptr);
ptr++;
}
}
Input & Output:
INPUT: No input
OUTPUT:
11 12 13 14 15

95
4)pointers to functions
CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
void fun(int a, int b)
{
printf(“ the value of a & b are %d,%d ”,a,b);
}
void main()
{
void(*ptr)( int,int) &fun
ptr(10,20);
ptr(20,30);
}
Input & Output:
INPUT: No input
OUTPUT:
the value of a & b are 10,20
the value of a & b are 20,30

96
Program 11(A):C PROGRAM TO ACCESS AND DISPLAY THE
MEMBERS OF THE STRING.
AIM: c program to access and display the members of the string.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: visual studio code using gcc compiler.
CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
struct student
{
char name[30];
int marks;
} s1, s2;
void main()
{
s2={“kesav”,60};
strcpy (s1.name,” ramu”);
s1.marks = 90;
printf(“ name of the student 1 %s\n”,s1.name);

printf(“ marks of the student 1 %d\n”,s1.marks);

printf(“ name of the student 2 %s\n”,s2.name);

printf(“ marks of the student 2 %d\n”,s2.marks);

97
Output:
name of the student 1: ramu
marks of the student 1: 90
name of the student 2: kesav
marks of the student 2: 60

98
Program 11(B): C program that demonstrates different ways
to access the structure elements using pointers.
AIM: The main objective of this program is to make familiar with
accessing the structure members using pointers.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: visual studio code using gcc compiler.
CODE:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
struct student
{
int sno;
char name[30];
float marks;
};

void main()
{
struct student s;
struct student *st;
printf("enter the name\n");
gets(s.name);
printf("enter the serial no and marks of student \n");
scanf("%d,%f",&s.sno,&s.marks);
st=&s;

99
 printf("the s.no of student :%d\n",st->sno);
printf("name of student :%s\n",st->name);
printf("marks of student :%f\n",st->marks);
}

INPUT & OUTPUT:

Input:
1) “Rama”, 2,90.5
2) “Krishna”,3,45.89
Output:
1)the s.no of student :2
name of student: Rama
marks of student: 90.500000

2) the s.no of student :3

name of student: Krishna
marks of student: 45.889999

100
Program-13: C program to replace all the vowels in a given
stringwith a given character.
Aim: To replace the vowels in a string with a given
character.
SOFTWARE REQUIRED: visual studio code using gcc compiler.
Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
void main()
{
char m,a[50];
int i,l;
printf(“enter the string\n”);
gets(a);
printf(“the vowel to be replaced\n”);
scanf(“%c”,&m);
l=strlen(a);
for(i=0 ;i < l ;i++)
{
if(a[i]=='a'||a[i]=='e'||a[i]=='i'||a[i]=='o'||a[i]=='u'||a[i]=='A'||a[i]==
'E'||a[i]=='I'||a[i]=='O'||a[i]=='U')
a[i]=m;
puts(a);
} }

101
TESTCASES AND OUTPUT:

Expected
S. Input Actual Output
Output
No.

aeiou
fffff fffff
f
1

Rhythm Rhythm Rhythm

2 g

C Programming
C Prxgrxmmxng C Prxgrxmmxng
x
3

102
Program 14:c program to perform arithmetic operations
using command line arguments.

Aim:
c program to perform arithmetic operations using command line
arguments.

Software used: visual studio code (gcc compiler).

Code:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
void main (int argc,char *argv[])
{
int a,b,sum=0,div=0,sub=0,mul=0,mod=0;
if(argc==3)
{
a=atoi(argv[1]);
b=atoi(argv[2]);
sum=a+b;
div=a/b;
sub=a-b;
mul=a*b;
mod=a%b;
printf("the argument supplied is %s %s %d %f %d %d %d
\n",argv[1],argv[2],sum,div,sub,mul,mod);
}
else if(argc>3)
printf("too many arguments supplied \n");
else
printf("atleast one argument is expected ");
}

103
 Test cases:
S.NO input Expected output
output
1. 10 20 * Multiplication of 10*20=200
two numbers 10 20
is 200
2. 10 20 / Division of two 10/20=0.5
numbers 10 20 is
0.5
3. 10 20% Modulus division of 10% 20=10
two numbers 10 20
is 10
4. 10 20 + Addition of two 10+20=30
numbers 10 20 is
30
5. 10 20 - Subtraction of 10-20=
numbers 10 20 is - -10
10

104