MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL

EDUCATION GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC,

SOLAPUR

Certificate

Title of micro project: MPFI SYSTEM

OF Branch Mechanical Engineering (regular) of semester 5th of diploma in

Mechanical Engineering of institute Government Polytechnic, Solapur.
Code (0015) has completed the micro project work satisfactorily under my
supervision /guidance for the subject Power Plant Engineering. (22562) in
the academic year 2024- 2025 as prescribed in the curriculum.

PROF: S.V. KUMBHAR

(Project guide) H. O. D Principal
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

We wish to express our profound and sincere gratitude to our guide

PROF S.V. KUMBHAR guided us in the intricacies of this
micro project non chantly with encouragement cooperation and
help. It was her enthusiastic support that helped us in
overcoming the various obstacles in the project

We would also like to express our thankfulness beloved Principal

H.O.D and other faculty members of our Third Year
Department for extended their support and motivation.
 Submitted by

Roll no Name
75 Moulali Rehan
82 Maniyar Shahid
87 Shaikh Md. Affan
89 Mulla Ubaid
  INDEX

Sr. No. Topic Name Page

no.
1. Introduction

2. Working Principle & Diagram

3. Special feature & characteristics

4. Emission control system

5. Sensors used in MPFI system

6. Advantages & Disadvantages

7. APPLICATION
8. Results

9. Conclusion

10. References
 Introduction:

Multi-point fuel injection (MPFI) is a fuel delivery system

for petrol engines that uses electronic fuel injection to precise
amount of fuel directly into each cylinder. This system is
designed to improve engine performance and fuel economy, and
reduce emissions.

MPFI system have several advantages over traditional

carburetor systems, which supplied fuel to the entire intake
manifold.

 Working Principle & Diagram:

1)Working: -

A multi-point fuel injection (MPFI) system work by

collecting data on engine conditions using that data to calculate
the ideal air fuel mixture for each cylinder. The system then
injects the precise amount of fuel into each cylinders intake
valve, where it mixes with incoming air to create a combustible
mixture. Spark plug ignite the mixture, completing the
combustion process.

2)Principle: -

The multi-point fuel injection (MPFI) system delivers fuel to

each cylinder is an advanced fuel injection technology used in
internal combustion engines. It operates by injecting fuel directly
into the intake manifold at multiple points, typically near each
cylinder. This method ensures more precise fuel delivery,
improved combustion efficiency, and better engine performance
compared to older single point injection systems. MPFI helps in
achieving better fuel atomization, enhanced power output,
reduced emissions, and improve fuel economy.
3) Diagrams: -
 Special features & Characteristics: -

1) Special features: -

The Multi-Point Fuel Injection (MPFI) system has several

special features:

1. Precise Fuel Delivery: - Injects fuel directly into the intake

manifold near each cylinder, ensuring accurate fuel metering and
distribution.
2. Improved Combustion Efficiency: - Better atomization of fuel
leads to more complete combustion and higher engine
performance.

3. Enhanced Fuel Economy: - Optimized fuel delivery reduces

waste and improves mileage.

4. Reduced Emissions: - More complete combustion results in

fewer unburned hydrocarbons and lower emissions.

5. Better Throttle Response: - Improved control over fuel

injection allows for quicker and more precise throttle response.

6. Enhanced Engine Performance: - Improved power output and

smoother operation due to optimized fuel-air mixture.
 2) Characteristics: -

The Multi-Point Fuel Injection (MPFI) system has several key

characteristics:
1. Multiple Injectors: Features one fuel injector per cylinder or near
each intake valve, allowing for more precise control of the air-
fuel mixture.

2. Improved Atomization: Provides better fuel atomization, leading

to a more complete and efficient combustion process.

3. Enhanced Fuel Efficiency: Offers better fuel economy by

delivering the exact amount of fuel needed for various engine
conditions.

4. Reduced Emissions: Helps in lowering harmful emissions by

ensuring a more complete combustion of the fuel.

5. Better Performance: Improves engine responsiveness and overall

performance due to more accurate fuel delivery.

6. Advanced Control: Utilizes electronic control units (ECUs) to

manage the timing and amount of fuel injected based on real-
time engine conditions.

7. Throttle Response: Enhances throttle response and drivability

through improved fuel management.

These characteristics contribute to a smoother, more efficient, and

environmentally friendly engine operation.
  Emission control system: -

The Multi-Point Fuel Injection (MPFI) system incorporates

several emission control mechanisms to minimize pollutants:

1. Oxygen Sensors: Located in the exhaust system, these sensors

monitor the level of oxygen in the exhaust gases. They provide
feedback to the engine control unit (ECU) to adjust the air-fuel
mixture for optimal combustion and reduced emissions.

2. Catalytic Converter: Converts harmful gases like carbon monoxide

(CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and unburned hydrocarbons (HC)
into less harmful substances (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water)
through catalytic reactions.

3. Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) System: Recirculates a portion

of the exhaust gases back into the intake manifold. This process
lowers combustion temperatures and reduces NOx emissions.

4. Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) System: Redirects gases

that escape from the engine’s crankcase back into the intake
manifold to be burned, reducing HC emissions and preventing oil
contamination.

5. Fuel Vapor Recovery: Systems like the Evaporative Emission

Control System (EVAP) capture and store fuel vapors from the
fuel tank and direct them into the intake manifold for combustion,
preventing vapor emissions.

These components work together to ensure that the MPFI system

meets regulatory emissions standards and reduces its
environmental impact.
 Sensors used in MPFI system: -
In a Multi-Point Fuel Injection (MPFI) system, several
sensors work together to ensure optimal engine performance
and fuel efficiency. Key sensors include:

1. Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor: Measures the amount of air

entering the engine to adjust the fuel mixture accordingly.

2. Throttle Position Sensor (TPS): Monitors the position of the

throttle valve to determine how much air is entering the engine.

3. Oxygen Sensors: Located in the exhaust system, these sensors

measure the level of oxygen in the exhaust gases to help the
engine control module (ECM) adjust the air-fuel ratio for optimal
combustion.

4. Coolant Temperature Sensor: Measures the temperature of the

engine coolant to help the ECM adjust the fuel injection and
ignition timing based on engine temperature.

5. Intake Air Temperature Sensor: Measures the temperature of the

air entering the engine, which helps in calculating the correct air-
fuel ratio.

6. Crankshaft Position Sensor: Detects the position and speed of the

crankshaft to assist in timing the fuel injection and ignition.

7. Camshaft Position Sensor: Monitors the position of the camshaft

to synchronize the fuel injection with the engine's intake and
exhaust cycles.

These sensors provide crucial data to the engine control unit

(ECU), which uses this information to optimize engine
performance, fuel efficiency, and emissions.
 Advantages & Disadvantages: -

1) Advantages: -

The advantages of the MPFI (Multi-Point Fuel Injection) system

include:

1. Improved Fuel Efficiency: Precise fuel delivery reduces wastage,

leading to better fuel economy.
2. Enhanced Engine Performance: More accurate air-fuel mixture
improves power output and throttle response.
3. Reduced Emissions: Optimized combustion lowers harmful
emissions such as CO, HC, and NOx.
4. Better Cold Start: Improved fuel atomization helps in easier and
more reliable cold starts.

2) Disadvantages: -

The advantages of the MPFI (Multi-Point Fuel Injection) system

include:

1. Improved Fuel Efficiency: Precise fuel delivery reduces

wastage, leading to better fuel economy.
2. Enhanced Engine Performance: More accurate air-fuel mixture
improves power output and throttle response.
3. Reduced Emissions: Optimized combustion lowers harmful
emissions such as CO, HC, and NOx.
4. Better Cold Start: Improved fuel atomization helps in easier
and more reliable cold starts.
 Application: -

The Multi-Point Fuel Injection (MPFI) system is commonly used

in modern passenger cars, light trucks, and some performance vehicles.
It enhances fuel efficiency, engine performance, and emissions control
by providing precise fuel delivery to each cylinder, leading to better
combustion and reduced pollutants.

 Results: -

The MPFI (Multi-Point Fuel Injection) system improves engine

efficiency and performance by delivering precise fuel amounts to each
cylinder, leading to better fuel economy, reduced emissions, and
enhanced engine response.

 Conclusion: -
The MPFI (Multi-Point Fuel Injection) system offers precise fuel
delivery to each engine cylinder, enhancing fuel efficiency, reducing
emissions, and improving overall engine performance and reliability
compared to older fuel delivery methods.

 References: -

 I. C. Engine- V. Ganesh
 www.wikipidia.com
 www.ijirset.com
 www.slideshare.com
 Etc.