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HHSS SBA Lab Report Format 2021-2022

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26 views

HHSS SBA Lab Report Format 2021-2022

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williamsnia160
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Happy hill Secondary School (Grenada)

School Code: 080020


Examination Year: 2021-2022
Integrated Science S.B.A:
Lab format & Skilled to be assessed
FORMAT OF EXPERIMENTAL WRITE UP:
1. Title
2. Aim
3. Materials/Apparatus
4. Method/ Procedure
Should be written in past tense always except for planning and design experiments
5. Observations/results.
6. Discussion
7. Sources of Error (Must be present for ALL AI skills)
8. Precautions / Limitations (Must be present for ALL AI skills)
9. Conclusion.
FORMAT OF PLAN & DESIGN:
1. Title
2. Problem Statement
3. Hypothesis
4. Aim
5. Materials/Apparatus
6. Method (Past tense always except for Planning and Design experiments)
7. Variables:
a) Controlled - The control variable is something that is constant and unchanged in
an experiment.
b) Manipulating- An independent variable that is manipulated to achieve a
particular effect or tested to determine if it is the cause of the effect.
c) Responding - A responding variable is a value of measure that came from the
manipulated and controlled variables, more so the results of the experiment.
8. Expected Results
9. Assumption, Precaution/Limitations
10. Conclusion

FORMAT FOR PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION (Analysis & Interpretation)


1. Introduction
2. Method (Change of tense – past tense)
3. Results
4. Discussion – Explanations/ Interpretations/Trends
5. Limitations
6. Reflection
7. Conclusion.
THE LABORATORY REPORT

Title: General topic of what the experiment covers. E.g. Respiration, Photosynthesis
Aim
• The Aim must be directly related to the topic. It should briefly state exactly what you
hope to accomplish with the experiment. Therefore, you must have read through the
procedure and understand the concepts that will be put to practice during the SBA.
• The Aim always begins with the word “To”. Example: To identify the presence of
active chemicals in household substances.
• Words like “investigate”, “demonstrate”, “find out”, “show”, “calculate”, “identify”,
“analyse”, etc. are common words to use following the word “To”.

Materials:
• This is a list of all equipment and materials needed to conduct the experiment .Where
possible always draw a diagram of the apparatus used.

Method:
• Note: the word is “M-e-t-h-o-d” and not “M-e-t-h-o-d-s” ·
• This gives a logical sequence of the steps taken to conduct the experiment .It should be
written in past tense and pronouns should not be used (I, we and they).
• Each step should be numbered or itemized.
• Use the method given to you. DO NOT adjust the method in any way except to put it in
the past tense.

Observation/results
• All observations are recorded here including measurements taken
• Well-written observation provides sufficient imagery so that you will have an idea of
exactly what the specimen was like. Colour, texture (how it feels), and smell, weight (if
necessary), etc. are key things to note.
• SHOULD NOT include facts! ONLY what was detected by your senses (sight, touch,
etc.).
Results: · Not a paragraph! ·
Any tables of results collected and graphs of those results are found here. ·
• Tables: must have title which should be written in pencil directly ABOVE the table and
begin with the words: “Table showing . . .” The title must be informative but precise. You
will most often be given a table, so most of the work is already done. All you have to do is
title it and fill it accurately.
• Graphs: must have a title while be written in pen directly above the graph. The title must
begin with the words: “Graph showing . . .” A suitable title can be the same as the title for
the table (with the word “Graph” instead of “Table”, of course!).
• In addition to the title, well-chosen scales must be evident. The scales MUST suit the data
points to be plot. Each axis must also be labeled and the units given, if applicable. This
does not mean that you state which is the X-axis and Y-axis! If you are graphing time
against temperature, these will be your labels, including their units. Make sure you know
which variable goes where. For example, in the graph of time against temperature, you
must know where time should be (X-axis) and where temperature should be (Y-axis). This
simple mix-up can rob you of 2 of the 3 points awarded for graphs! Another key thing is
that the points must be accurately plotted. That is, the table of data MUST correspond to
the graph! For example, if the table shows that at 5 minutes the temperature was 55°C, this,
too, must be clear on the graph. The graph must also take up most of the graph paper.

Discussion
• This section uses facts to explain your observations.
• This is where research on background information is highly important. Make use of all the
resources available.
• This is an explanation or reason for your observation.
• Your discussion is usually guided by questions given to you by your teacher.
• Must be in paragraph-form. More than one paragraph is advised. ·
• Points must be well-developed, well-supported and in sequence, just as in an essay for
English class!

Precautions- what you do to ensure nothing goes wrong


• Taking readings at eye level, making sure thermometer is immersed in liquid before taking
temperature, ensure thermometer doesn’t touch sides of container
Source of error/limitation
• What may happen to affect the quality of results- parallax errors when taking readings,
human error, contaminated samples, bad weather conditions, and damage to plants from
pest, heat lost to environment, faulty equipment
Conclusion
• This is usually a brief statement that addresses or answers your aim
• Must be in paragraph-form (can be one).
• Must be concise! So, be extremely brief! · Should NOT include any information not
mentioned in the discussion section.
• It is where you sum up experiment done… refocus on the aim … was the aim
accomplished? How were abnormalities explained? What conclusions were made from
having done the experiment?
Experimental Skills (XS) Assessed

• ORR: Observing, Recording, Reporting


• AI: Analysis and Interpretation
• D: Drawing
• MM: Manipulation and Measurement
• PD: Planning and Design

Observation/Recording/ Reporting
• Are made using the senses and measuring instruments
• Involves the use of tables , graphs and drawings
• Refers to the format used to describe the experiment
use the senses to perceive objects and events accurately; present a written and oral
report, drawing or other graphical representation which is clear, concise, accurate
and pertinent to the investigation; report and recheck unexpected results;
Drawing
Make large, clear, labelled line representations of specimens, Apparatus or models;
Manipulation/Measurement
Set up and use carefully and competently simple laboratory apparatus and measuring
instruments; appropriately prepare specimens and materials for
observation/investigation;
Planning/Designing
develop hypotheses and devise means of carrying out investigations to test them;
plan experimental procedures and operations within the time allotted in appropriate
sequence of operations as a result of difficulties encountered in carrying out
experiments or obtaining unexpected results;
Analysis and Interpretation
Use experimental data to infer, predict and draw conclusions; identify trends and
patterns; make necessary and accurate calculations and recognize the limitations and
assumptions of data.
REFER TO PAGE 4- 8 of the Syllabus (Skills to be assessed)

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