Passive voice

1. Uses (cách dùng)

Active voice: Ai làm gì?
Ex: He feeds his cat every day. ( cho ăn)
Passive voice: nói đến sự vật/ sự việc được tác động.
Ex: His cat is fed by him every day. (được cho ăn)
- Dùng để nhấn mạnh đến đối tượng bị tác động.
- Nhấn mạnh hành động.
2. Công thức (Structure)
Câu chủ động: S + V + O
Câu bị động: S (O) + be + PII + (by sb/sth).
Ex: Everyone loves Tom (hiện tại đơn)
 Tom is loved by everyone.
Be + PII.
Be ( is/ am/ are/ was/ were……)
Hiện tại đơn: is, am, are.
Quá khứ đơn: was, were.
PII ( động từ của câu mẫu ở đề bài  chuyển về dạng phân từ II)
Động từ  chuyển sang dạng phân từ II
TH1: động từ có quy tắc  thêm -ed
TH2: dựa vào bảng 365 động từ BQT
Be + PII
1. Thì hiện tại đơn: is/am/are + PII
Is done.
2. Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn: is/ am/ are + being + PII
Ex: I am doing my homework at the moment. (hiện tại tiếp diễn)
 My homework is being done at the moment.
Is being done.
 3. Thì quá khứ đơn:
Was/ were + PII
Ex: The thief stole my bike yesterday. Steal – stole – stolen
 My bike was stolen by the thief yesterday.
Was done
4. Thì tương lai đơn:
Will + “be” + PII
Ex: I will do exercises to lose weight. Do – did – done
 Exercises will be done to lose weight (by me).
* By + somebody/ something.
Trường hợp có thể bỏ by:
By + him/ her/ me/ them/ we.
By + đại từ bất định (somebody/ anybody/ nothing/ /anything..)

1. An old woman feeds the pigeons (chim bồ câu).

 The pigeons __are fed by an old woman.
2. A burglar (kẻ trộm) broke the window.
The window was broken by a burglar.
3. Someone has made a mistake.
A mistake has been made.
4. Everyone is going to love her. Going to + Vo
 She is going to be loved.

* Vị trí: By + trạng từ chỉ thời gian/ nơi chốn

Ex: My bike was stolen by the thief yesterday.
My bike was stolen at the supermarket by the thief.
 Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn + by Sb.
By sb + trạng từ chỉ thời gian.

A/An/ the
An: đứng trước u,e,o,a,i
Ex: A delicious apple.
A lesson An interesting lesson.

The + Danh từ xác định

- Dùng khi danh từ là vật duy nhất
Ex: The sun; the moon, the Mars,…
The + so sánh nhất
Ex: The most interesting lesson…
She is The funniest person.
 - Dùng với một số đất nước.
Ex: The USA; The UK,…
- Các buổi trong ngày:
in the afternoon, in the evening, in the
morning,…
at night
- Dùng với tên các nhạc cụ âm nhạc:
play the piano, play the guitar,…
- Căn cứ vào trường hợp cụ thể.
Ex: I live in The number 28 house.

1. I want ___a___ cup of tea.

A. a
B. an
C. the
2. I need someone who can play ______ guitar, I'll sing a song now.
A. a
B. an
C. the
3. Living in the countryside is more exciting than living in __the____
city.
A. a
B. an
C. the
4. ______ sky (bầu trời) is very clear tonight. I can see a lot of stars.
A. A
B. An
C. The
Ex: We see the moon in the sky tonight.
5. I know she isn’t ______ idiot .
A. a
B. an
C. the
6. ______ book you lent me last week is really interesting.
A. A
B. An
C. The
7. My mother is ______ professional athlete.
A. a
B. an
C. the
8. He has __an____ unusual name.
A. a
B. an
C. the
9. Would you like to go to ______ cinema with me?
A. a
B. an
C. the
Ex: The cinema, the theater, the concert; the police Office
…
10. They have a son and a daughter. __The____ daughter is very kind.
A. A
B. An
C. The
Ex: Match the two columns to make meaningful sentences.
A. If the children are too A-4 1. I will buy it.
noisy,
B. If the weather is nice, B-3 2. She can get some hearing
problems
C. If that bag is made of C-1 3. I will have a picnic with
natural materials (nguyên my friends tomorrow
liệu) such as paper or
bamboo (tre),
D. If she lives near the D-2 4. I will take some aspirin
airport, (thuốc kháng sinh).
E. If I have a cough (ho), E- 5 5. I won’t be able to sleep
F. The river will be F-6 6. This factory continues to
seriously polluted if discharge (xả thải) toxic
wastes into the river.
Ex: Chia động từ đúng dạng vào chỗ trống.
1. If all people _throw____ the garbage (rác) on the roads or rather
wherever they find, the Earth will be flooded in the garbage. Throw
(ném)
2. The pollution __will decrease___ if we find ways to reuse old items.
Decrease (giảm)
3. If Trung brings his lunch to his picnic, he _will put____ the food in a
reusable box. Put
4. If I leave a room, I __will turn off___ the lights and the fans. turn
off (tắt đi)
5. You _won’t get/will not get____ a high mark in the exam tomorrow
if you don't do all of your homework. Not get
Will not = won’t
6. If Hue _has ____ old books and clothes, she will swap them with
me. Have
7. There will be more floods if deforestation __continues___ to happen.
Continue
8. If soil pollution ___becomes____ more serious, a large number of
plants will die. Become

Ex:
1. If/ people/ plant/ more trees,/ they/ save/ environment.

2. If/ environment/ green/ clean,/ human life/ better.

3. If/ we/ use/ more/ motorbike / car,/ air pollution/ rise.

4. If/ air pollution/ not decrease,/ people/ get/ some/ breathing problems.

5. If/ there/ not/ rubbish bin/ in each classroom,/ it/ not/ cleaner.

SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES
1. Is Fansipan ________ mountain in the world?
A. highest
B. the highest
C. Both A & B are correct.
2. Do you think that this test is ________ we've ever taken?
A. the easiest
B. the easiest one
C. Both A & B are correct.
3. My bedroom is ________ my brothers' bedrooms.
A. tidier than
B. the tidiest
C. the most tidy
4. The white dress is ________ but ________.
A. nicest – the most expensive
B. the nicest – the cheapest
C. nicest – cheapest
5. What is the ________ month of the year?
A. hotest
B. the hottest
C. hottest
6. The dictionary is ________ in the bookshop.
A. the thickest
B. the thickest than
C. thickest
7. This dress is ________ than that one.
A. more large
B. larger
C. the largest
8. Do you think that it's ________ holiday we've had?
A. the worst
B. bad
C. worse than
9. What is ________ lake in the world?
A. the deepest
B. the largest
C. Both A & B are correct.
Ex:
1. Hue is _____ (pretty) girl in our school.
2. Travelling by train is _____ (cheap) travelling by plane.
3. My's house is _____ (far) from school than from the shopping
centre.
4. Mercury is _____ (close) planet to the sun.
5. What is _____ (wet) month of a year?