Q1. What is an Operating System?

Ans. An operating system is the most important software that runs on a computer. It manages the
computer’s memory and processes, as well as all of its software and hardware. It also allows you
to communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak the computer’s language.
Q2. Why operating system is important software for a computer? Give any five reasons.
What are the function performed by operating system?
Ans. Following are the main functions due to which operating system is important software for a
computer.
1. Process Management
2. Memory Management
3. Input / Output Management
4. File Management
5. Resource Management
6. User Management

Q3. Give any three objectives of operating system?

Ans. 1. Convenience and Efficiency
2. Usage of resources such as CPU , Memory and Internet
3. Resource Manager.
Q4. Mention few disadvantages of using DOS.
Ans. 1. User must know the syntax of the command.
2. DOS commands are difficult to remember.
3. It is a single user and single task operating system.
4. It cannot support graphics.
5. It is not GUI based.
Q5. Name two operating systems which are used in modern mobile phones?
Ans. 1. Android OS
2. Iphone OS
Q6. What difficulties a student may face if he is not familiar with the operating system of a
computer?
Ans. 1. User must know basics of operating system to give commands to the computer
2. Without this, he cannot run programs and manage files on computer.
3. Without knowledge of operating system, a computer is useless.
Q7. Differentiate UNIX and Windows operation system?
Ans. UNIX Windows
UNIX is a multi-user CLI operating system. It is the most popular operating system.
It was introduced in 1969 It was developed by Microsoft.
It allows multiple users to run different It has many versions over the period of time
programs at the same time. like Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows XP,
Windows 7 , 8 and 10
UNIX is used on large computer system The latest version in Windows 10.
(Mainframe)
It uses a command line interface but later on
GUI was also introduced.
Q8. Differentiate between Single-User and Multi-User Operating Systems.
Ans. Single-User Operating System Multi-User Operating System
It is used by a single user at a time. It is used by many users at a time.
Resources (CPU, Memory) are not shared Resources (CPU, Memory) are shared with
with other computers. other computers.
It is used on microcomputers. It is used on minicomputers and mainframe
computers
It requires less memory and costs less. It requires powerful CPU and large memory.
Examples:- DOS, Windows xp, Windows 7 Examples:- Window NT, UNIX and LINUX
etc. etc.
Q9. Define Real Time System? Write down any Two application of Real Time System?
Ans. A Real-Time Operating System must process information and produced a response within a
specified time. It is developed for special applications. These are used to control industrial
processes such as oil refining. Real time operating systems are used to supply immediate
response within limited time.
Application of Real Time System:-
1. Real-time operating system is used to monitor the position of rocket in the space.
2. Many cities are installing real-time traffic control systems to facilitate smooth flow of
traffic at busy intersections.
Q10. Define Time Sharing Operating System?
Ans. A time sharing system is a feature of an operating system in which multiple users can run
different programs on a large scale computer. It allows many users to have access to a computer
at a same time and shares the computer time. In a time sharing system, the CPU is switched
rapidly between the programs so that all the user programs are executed simultaneously.
Q11. Give at least one practical example of application of time sharing system and real time
system each from daily life?
Ans. Time Sharing System:-
Time Sharing operating system are used in organizations such as airline, bank , hotel, university.
For Example:-
Hundreds of students access the university mainframe computer at the same time and they can
run different program in a timesharing system.
Real Time System:-
There are number of Real Time operating systems used in military and space research programs.
For Example:-
Many cities are installing real-time traffic control systems to facilitate smooth flow of traffic at
busy intersections.
Q12. What do you mean by Multitasking?
Ans. Multitasking, in an operating system, allows a user to perform more than one computer task at a
time.
Q13. Between Linux and Mac, which operating system would you prefer? Write briefly.
Ans. We will prefer Macintosh operating system because it is a UNIX based user friendly operating
system and it has GUI.
On the other hand Linux is faster but difficult to use as compared to Macintosh and Windows
operating system.
OR
Between Linux and Macintosh, I would prefer Linux Operating System.
Reason:
 Linux OS is free.
We can install it on computers with any configuration. No matter how powerful/old your system
is, Linux will work.
Mac is a secure platform, but probably not as secure as Linux.
Linux provide more customization than Mac OS.
Q14. Compare Macintosh and Linux Operating System?
Ans. Macintosh Operating System Linux Operating System
Mac OS is developed by Apple Incorporation Linux is a free open source operating system
for their Macintosh computers in 1984. introduced by Linus Trovalds in 1991.
It is a UNIX based user-friendly operating It is faster but difficult to use as compared to
system as it has GUI. Macintosh and Windows Operating System.
There are some specialized version of Popular Linux OS distributions include Debian,
Macintosh OS X used on devices such as Ubuntu, Fedora, Red Hat and Open Suse.
iPhone, iPad and new Apple TV.
Q15. What is meant by managing data and why it is important?
Ans. 1. Managing data means storing files in secondary storage devices i.e. on hard disk or usb
flash
2. This helps in finding files easily and quickly.
3. File management tools provide facilities to create folders and copy or move files into
them. It also allows user to delete files and folders.
Q16. What is meant by resource of a computer?
Ans. 1. The resource of a computer include microprocessor, memory and all the attached devices.
2. Operating system automatically manage these resources.
3. Operating system allocates resources of a computer to the application program according to
the users requirement.
Q17. What type of problems a student may face if no antivirus is installed in his computer
system?
Ans. Problems:-
1. A computer virus is a program that literally infects other programs and databases upon
contact.
2. It can damage data, software or the computer itself.
3. Some of the activities that a virus are:
a) Copy themselves to other programs.
b) Display information on the screen.
c) Destroy data files.
d) Erase an entire hard disk.
Q18. Compare GUI and CLI?
Ans. GUI CLI
GUI is easy to use as it is graphical CLI is difficult to use as it is text based/
interface, uses pointing devices for selecting command line interface, donot use any
and choosing items pointing device.
In GUI, input can be entered anywhere on In CLI, input is entered only at command
the screen. prompt.
The speed of GUI is slower than CLI and CLI is faster than GUI and consumes low
consumes more memory. memory.
Q19. With increasing memory sizes do you still think memory management is an important
function of an operating system? Justify your answer.
Ans. Yes.
 Reason: As day by day the application software memory usage size increases with increasing
features. Also, with increasing usage of multitasking, more software’s need to be opened at one
time. So with increasing memory sizes still memory management is an important function of an
operating system.
Q20. List common types of Operating Systems?
Ans. There are three types of operating systems based on interaction with computer (interface). There
are three type of interfaces.
1. Command Line Interface.
2. Menu Drive Interface.
3. Graphical User Interface.
Q21. What is Disk Operating System (DOS)?
Ans. DOS was the most popular CLI Operating System. DOS displays the prompt (C:\>) to enter
commands. User must know the syntax of commands. DOS commands are difficult to
remember.
It is a single user and single task operating system.
Q22. What is System Installation?
Ans. A computer system consists of hardware and software. Before the use of computer user must
install the operating system and other required software.
Q23. List the various steps to create a New Folder?
Ans. The following are the steps to create a New Folder.
1. Go to the Location where a folder is to be created.
2. Right click a blank area, point to New in the shortcut menu and then click folder.
3. Type a name for the New Folder and Then press Enter Key.
Q24. List the various steps to copy or move Files?
Ans. The following are the steps to copy or move Files.
1. Go to the Location from where files are to be copy or move.
2. Select the files to copy or move.
3. Right click on any selected file icon and then select copy or move from shortcut menu.
4. Go to the Location where the files are to be copied or moved.
5. Right click a blank area and Click Paste.
Q25. List the various steps to delete file or folder?
Ans. The following are the steps to copy or move Files.
1. Go to the Location from where files or folders are to be deleted.
2. Select the items to delete.
3. Right click on any selected item and then click delete in the shortcut menu.
Q26. What are the objectives of Windows Defender?
Ans. Windows Defender:-
1. Windows 10 comes with window defender which is an antivirus software. Now computer
users do not have to buy antivirus software.
2. When Window 10 is installed on computer. Window defender is also installed as built-in
antivirus software. It run in the background and check for viruses.
3. It automatically scans programs and files that users open and download.
4. If any type of malware detected, It will display warning message and recommend what to
do next to keep the computer safe.
SLO Based Questions Unit 2 Computer Science