PATHFit 101 6.

Speed- ability to minimize the amount of time it takes you to

accomplish a task or movement
Chapter 1: Posture and Core Stability 7. Coordination- ability to combine several different movement
patterns in a single distinct movement
● Our body is designed for movement 8. Accuracy- ability to control a movement in a given direction or
intensity
Core Stability Muscles (postural muscles)- deep muscles in your abdomen, 9. Agility- ability to minimize the time going from one movement to
pelvis and back. another
- Act as a corset or scaffolding holding you together rather than 10. Balance- ability to control the center of gravity of your body in
moving your trunk. relation to your support base.

Aims:
● Encourage a healthy and active lifestyle
● Nurture sportsmanship
● Widen each student's sporting experience and enjoyment
● Create a passion for active recreation and sport
● Assist students in reaching their physical potential in a variety of
sporting environments.

Essential components of physical education

● Policy and environment
● Curriculum
● Appreciate instruction
● Student assessment

General objectives of physical education

Fundamental Movements Skills- important to the motor development of 1. Physical development- not only free from disease but includes
children's physical, cognitive, and social growth. physical fitness as well
2. Emotional development- informal nature of physical education
Fundamental Movement Skills activities offers opportunities
Non-Locomotor Skills 3. Social development- the development and maintenance of a
● Bracing/ Anti-rotation/ Anti-extension meaningful interpersonal relationship.
● Stretching 4. Mental development- through participation in physical education
● Turning/ Rolling/ Twisting activities, the individual develops his mental capacities as he learns
● Squat and Ready position the principles, rules and strategies of games and sports.
● Lunge
● Balancing Physical fitness
- Combination of medical fitness(body soundness) and dynamic
Locomotor Skills fitness(capacity for action)
● Crawling and creeping - Primary specific objective in teaching PE.
● Jumping and Landing - Ability of an individual to perform one's daily activities efficiently
● Hoping, Skipping and Leaning
● Running Importance of Physical Fitness
● Shuffling and Sliding
● Swimming ● Through regular exercises, physical fitness helps the individual
● Swinging and climbing ● In the proper growth of young bones and muscles
● Wheeling ● Improve the ability to avoid and recover from illnesses and
● Sending: Throw, Kick, Strike, Roll accidents
● Receiving: Catch, Trap, Stop ● Improve posture and appearance by strengthening muscles that
● Traveling with: dribbling with feet, hands, and sticks support the body
● Minimize stress response
Assessment of Physical Activity Readiness and Levels ● Maintain proper body weight
● A valuable tool that helps individuals assess their readiness to ● Prevent heart ailment
participate in physical activity or exercise programs. ● Improve organic functions
● Delay the aging process
Health and Fitness ● Feel good and younger as a human being, and
Fitness- involves activity of some sort that stimulates various systems of the ● Experience joy of participation in any recreational or sports
body. activities
- Defined as a set of attributes that people have or achieve that
relates to the ability to perform physical activity.
Health- involves every system of the body and is only achieved through a Health Related Components
lifestyle that supports health 1. Cardio-respiratory Endurance- ability of the heart and lungs to
- Defined by the World Health Organization as a state of complete function efficiently
physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence 2. Muscular strength- ability of muscle group to contract against a
of disease or infirmity. resistance
Physical Activity or Exercise- improve your health and reduce the risk of 3. Muscular endurance- the ability to continue selected muscle
developing several diseases like type 2 diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular group movements for a prolonged period of time
disease. 4. Flexibility- functional capacity of a joint to move through a normal
range of motion
Fitness is made up of many components, and the following factors neet to be 5. Body composition- newer attributes in physical fitness
considered when discussing fitness levels: components. Relative distribution of lean and fact body tissues.
1. Endurance (cardiovascular and cardio-respiratory) - your body's
ability to use and deliver oxygen to your body Anatomical Movements
2. Stamina (muscular endurance)- your body's ability to store, - Act or instance of moving the bodily structures or as the change of
process, and use energy position in one or more of the joints of the body.
3. Strength- the ability of your muscles or a muscular unit to apply
force Three axes of rotation/planes
4. Flexibility- ability to maximize the range of motion of a joint 1. Sagittal (anteroposterior) plane- vertical and bisects the body
5. Power- ability of your muscles to maximize their force in a from front to back. Dividing into right and left symmetrical halves
minimum amount of time. 2. Frontal (coronal) plane- bisects the body laterally from side to
side, dividing the body into front and back halves.
 3. Transverse (horizontal) plane- divides the body horizontally into
superior and inferior halves.

● Flexion- flexing both arms towards the face

● Extension- conjugate the flexion. Both arms and straight, shoulder
level and against your face

● Abduction- starting feet together to perform the abduction by lifting

your left or right leg against the center of the body
● Adduction- going back to its original position

● Elevation- movements of shoulder upward

● Depression- movements of shoulder downward

● Protraction- shrinking both shoulder forward

● Retraction- shrinking both shoulder backward

Skill-Related Fitness
1. Balance- it involves vision, reflexes, and skeletal muscular system
which provides the maintenance of equilibrium
2. Coordination- the ability to integrate the senses with muscles so
as to produce accurate, smooth and harmonious body movement
3. Agility- capacity to change the direction of the body quickly and
effectively.
4. Speed- ability to move one's body from one point to another in a
shorted possible time
5. Power- sometimes confused with strength. Speed contraction is
the basic ingredient. Strength provides an explosive type of
movement
6. Reaction time- time required to respond or initiate a movement as Body Mass Index- measure of body fat based on your weight in relation to your
a result of a given stimulus. height.

Specific components of Physical Fitness

1. Organic vigor- soundness of the heart and lungs which contributes
to the ability to resists disease
2. Endurance- ability to sustain long continued contractions
3. Strength- sustain the application of the force without yielding or
breaking
4. Power- release maximum force in the shortest period of time
5. Flexibility- quality of plasticity
6. Agility- change direction or position in space with quickness and
lightness of movement
7. Balance- control organic equipment neuro-muscularly
8. Speed- successive movements of the same kind in the shortest
period of time
9. Coordination- integrate the body parts to produce smooth motion.

Physical wellness
- Positive state of well-being and capability of an individual to design
personal fitness programs for improving and maintaining optimum
levels of health.
Fitness test- also known as a fitness assessment, comprised of a series of
exercises that help evaluate your overall health and physical status
Benefits of health and wellness
1. General Health Evaluation- share your medical history with your
1. Looking good- regular physical activity is a healthy lifestyle
trainer and to get the necessary approvals from your doctor to
2. Feeling good- people who engage in regular physical activity feel
proceed
better
2. Body Composition Testing- body composition describes the
3. Enjoying life- life is more enjoyable when you engage in regular
different components that make up your total body weight
physical activity
● Bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA)- sent from
4. Meeting emergencies- fit and active people have the capacity to
electrodes through the soles of your feet to your
help or to assist other people when they need some help.
abdomen to estimate your body composition
● Body Mass Index(BMI)- generalized calculation of
Physical Battery Test Fitness
body fat based on your height and weight
Safety guidelines:
● Skinfold measurements- calipers are used to
● Review medical consideration
estimate how much body fat there is in a fold of skin
● Warm-up 5-10 minutes
3. Cardiovascular Endurance Testing- known as stress testing,
● Should not take heavy meals for two hours
measures how efficiently tour heart and lungs work to supply
● Should wear appropriate attire for the test
oxygen and energy to your body
● Students must count their pulse rate
● 12-minutes run tests
● Exercise stress
● VO2 max testing
4. Strength and Endurance Testing- measures the maximal amount
of force a muscle group can exert at one time.
5. Flexibility Testing- measuring the flexibility of your joints is vital in
determining whether you have postural imbalances
● Shoulder flexibility testing
● Sit-and-reach testing
● Trunk lift testing