‘This isan electronic version ofthe print textbook, Due to electronic rights restrictions, some third party content may be suppressed. Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall leaning experience. The publisher reserves the right to remove content from this title at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. For valuable information on pricing, previous editions, changes to curent editions, and alternate formats, please visit www.cengage.com/highered to search by ISBN, author title, or keyword for ‘materials in your areas of imteest [Important Notice: Media coatent referenced within the product deseription or the product text may not be available in the eBook version.Welcome to Onward! You hold in your hands a small yet power-packed book with three different pieces that are tied together by a common topic Takea look atthe front cover to discover just what the topic might be. Notice the title, Onward!Lookat the photo of the penguin, Where do you think the penguin is? What might drive someone to go to see penguins in their natural home? Also notice the ttle of each piece ina bandat the bottom of the cover. In this book, you wil find: + three haiku under the heading "Bottom of the World” A haikuis a typeof poem from Japan. thas three lines that usually don't rhyme. The first and last lines have five syllables. The middle line has seven syllables. In one way or another, each poem is about Antarctica, land of the South Pole, ProgamConsutat + ahistory article titled “The Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration’ A history article describes events that happenedin the past. This article tellsthe story of two explorers in a race to the South Pole. Who will win? Read the article to find out! Youll alsoread about a third explorer’s brave effort to.cross Antarctica on foot + last, but certainly not least, a third-person narrative called “Andrew's Antarctic Adventure’ It's the true story of one man's 10,000-mile trip to Antarctica by bus and boat. He actually rode different buses from Washington 0.C. all the way to the bottom of South America! Although each of these pieces is linked together by the topic of exploring Antarctica, they are different genres, You might want to start with the one that most grabs your attention. Readit first you lke, but don't forget to read the athers, Reading each one wl give ounore information andhelp youunlack the (“Songinent (noun) any of themes endbig ideas. the seven largest areas of ‘You will read oodles of words in this book, but these three words—continent, endorse, onward, and South Pole—will appear inall of the pieces andmay help youbetter | onward (adverb) toward understand what you are reading. As youcome across these words, think about | something ahead forward how they relate to the common topic that threads through the whole book— exploring Antarctica SouthPole (cour) the place onEarththat is the farthest south Reading is thinking! Readers who get the most outof their reading are always thinking about the text As you read this book, be athinking-intensive reader— reader whonever stops thinking by asking questions, making connections, and reacting to information, Pay attention to the words, but also lookat the pictures and the features. This book is packed with eye-catching visuals that will give you tons of information, if you only pay attention to them. And lastly. keep a penoor pencil and sticky notes right next to youuas you read Jot down your questions, connections, and reactions and stick themrighton the page where you had those thoughts. These notes give you a place to hold your thinking so you won't forget what you have read andcan come back later to reflect on the ideas and issues inthe text. Nothingis more important than your thinking when youread and view, so keep reading keep looking keep thinking, ‘andhave some fun! lL.laddars -- Bottom of the World................. 2 Dao The Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration .. . 4 eee PTI cs CTT at Dace edoral ih R LU Rene Olle Nee D oT} Arlee Al ae ecto TCT cL AC S(Ta ase) (eMC MCR neyo EMER UL Sle PN [rete MAELO lola MULE aC) (ex-y >) cleanse a)Bottom of the world Continent like no other Stark Antarctica! World's coldest desert Freezing in the ice and wind Is it ever warm? Lure to explorers Brave men who would not give up Onward to the Pole! “~ a ele SME How wouldyoudescribeAntarctica? Ja 3Inthe early 1900s, Antarctica was anew place to explore. Brave men explored the continent. They faced cold and stormy ' weather. But the men pressed onward. Roald Amundsen, Robert Falcon Scott, and Emest | Shackleton were three of the explorers.Adriene de Gerlache Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897-1899 Carsten Borchgrevink British Antarctic Expedition, 1898-1900 Nils Otto Nordenskjold Swedish South Polar Expedition, 1901-1903 Erich von Drygalski German South Polar Expedition, 1901-1903 William Speirs Bruce Scottish National Antarctic Expedition, 1902-1904 ll Jean-Baptiste Charcot French Antarctic Expedition, 1903-1905 and 1908-1910 pS ots Robert Falcon Scott British National Antarctic Expedition, 1901-1904 British Antarctic Expedition, 1910-1913 Reached South Pole (anuary 17, 1912) Roald Amundsen Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, 1910-1912 First to reach South Pole (December 14, 1911) Ernest Shackleton British Antarctic Expedition, 1907-1909 Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1914-1917 Shackleton-Rowett Expedition, 1921-1922 3 tat Nobu Shirase Japanese Antarctic Expedition, 1910-1912 - Douglas Mawson Australasian Antarctic Expedition, 1911-1914REM eel) Roald Amundsen Roald Amundsen explored the Arctic. He observed people who lived there. He learned to live in cold weather. He wanted to be the first to reach the North Pole. But other men reached the North Pole first.So Amundsen changed his mind. He would be the first to reach the South Pole. Robert Scott had the same goal. The race was on! i Robert Falcon Scott Robert Falcon Scott was in the navy. He went on his first expedition to Antarctica. He came within 400 miles of the South Pole, He wanted to be the first to reach the South Pole. Sohe went onasecond expedition to Antarctica. Amundsen had the same goal. But Scott would not give up.EAST ANTARCTICA =~ (ques Maun tan PACIFIC OCEAN Scorr's ROUTE Departure November, 1911 Abort 00 les fo he South Pole AMUNDSEN’'s ROUTE Ross Firstdeparture: September, 1911 em Final departure: October 20, 1911 ‘Aout dbo rst the South Pale A hee Biers eee eran Pu Novem 1 eae ae iat 2 ee eta — SE ANTARCTICA ‘ eh ‘eet eater ie Ee face? Paces ANTARCTICA ie 4p ce in aaa At Peet esta rial} — a soit »res) The Pole Is the Goal Amundsen and Scott had the same goal. But who would reach the South Pole first? Scott and his erew sailed in their ship, Terra Nova. They arrived in January 1911. They brought dogs, ponies, and sleds. They set up depots on the way to the South Pole. They stored food and supplies in the depots. They wanted to get the biggest depot closer to the Pole. Buta sled broke. The ponies did not do well in the cold. The team could not goon.Sled at a supply depot Amundsen and his crew sailed in their ship, Fram. They arrived in Antarctica soon after Scott. It took them nine months to get ready for their trip. Amundsen brought sled dogs, food, and water. Amundsen and his crew waited for the warmer weather to come. They trained the dogs. They practiced skiing, They set up depots along the way to the South Pole. The men got their depots close to the Pole. They ate well and slept well. They needed their bodies ready for the trip ahead. DogteamAmundsen's team at the South Pole Testing the sea's depth with a hammer the sleds. The food depots did the trick. The weather was _ coldand stormy. But the crew pressed onward. They finally _ reached the Pole in December. They did not see Scott. ‘Amundsen’s crew had won the race! They planted flag and setupatent. Both explorers chose their teams andequipment differently |AMUNDSENSTEAM Wm Survwedtep C2 Didnet sure LL SCOTTSTEAMScott's team was not good at skiing, They had to walk. It was hard to pull the sleds. So Scott sent most of the crew back to camp. He took four men with himto the South Pole. They saw Amundsen's tent and flag up ahead. The men knew they had lost the race. The next day they reached the South Pole. They found supplies that Amundsen had left for them. Amundsen’s team had made it back safely. Scott's team did not. They were hungry, sick, and tired. The men never made it to their next depot. Scott's diary entry ended the story. “We shall stick it out to the end, but we are getting weaker, of course, and the end cannot be far. It seems apity, but Ido not think I can write more.” UO GP EEE EE EE EE EE EE I EE EE EE sphtbacky turing tear membersShackleton’s Endurance Ernest Henry Shackleton Beeeitenry shackletonwias part of Scott's first trip to the South Pole. Shackleton led his own expedition after that. He set a record. He got closer to the South Pole than anyone had before that time. ‘Amundsen reached the South Pole first. But Shackleton would go on anew expedition. » He planned to start at the Weddell Sea. ll Then he would walk across Antarctica. He Sted dogs vate = hoped to endat the Ross Sea. Endurance sink. S BUTE) hele 9 « ” ae ra Seca eae eas i ceed cr then Vienne ‘gaa msn Beeps te aaewe eee eae m fom isi ATLANTIC [ OCEAN 4 a ae celal ao fi aaa 5 ee . west v ANTARCTICA ANTARCTICAShackleton sailed in his ship, Endurance. The ship became trapped inice. It was trapped for ten months. They never got to Antarctica. The expedition was doomed. Ice was crushing the ship. So the men removed their supplies and lifeboats. Endurance later sank. Shackleton and his crew were trapped on the ice for five more months. It was very cold. They ate whale and seal meat. They were finally able to escape the ice. They sailed their lifeboats to Elephant Island. foot on and for more than a year. Shackleton and his KE ‘men were trapped on the ice. They didn't set a Cen 8h ora yma aint een ted ieneShackleton had to find arescue ship. He took five of his men. They sailed 800 miles ona small boat. It was dangerous. But they reached South Georgia Island. They found a ship on the island! The ship brought them back to rescue the crew. Shackleton had to try many times to rescue the men. Finally they were rescued. Then every member of the expedition was safe. The men had been away for more than two years. The expedition was a failure. But Shackleton and his crew had endured. Shackleton and some of the Endurance crew met five years later. They planned to sail anew ship, Quest. They would sail around Antarctica. Shackleton died on the ship. He was buried on South Georgia Island. Shackleton’s crew on board QuestEnd of the Heroic Age Brave men had explored Antarctica for many years. This heroic age ended when Shackleton died, The final continent had been explored Both Amundsen and Scott had reached the South Pole. But people continue to explore Antarctica. The explorers now are mostly scientists. They come to study this frozen land. EnduranceCT Ue MGC knac tog about Andrew's journey to Antarctica Meet Andrew Evans. He's National Geographic's “Digital Nomad.” A nomad is a traveler. Andrew is a digital nomad. Andrew Evans He uses technology to tell people about his travels. Andrew wanted to explore Antarctica. Other explorers had sailed there. But Andrew didn’t sail. He traveled mostly by bus. Andrew wrote about his trip on his blog. He posted news every day. are 7 See Te AventureThe explorers Amundsen, Scott, and Shackleton used a compass and a sextant. These tools helped them find their way toward the South Pole. They used large cameras to record their trips. Explorers today have tools that use GPS. This stands for “Global Positioning System.” Tools like digital cameras and the Internet help explorers find their way. The tools also help them record their trips. 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His trip Pee eUR UTERINE CLM ea eC CMU RUC Ue lga tact eon asia card CEM Rata Crass along the way. But he pressed onward. It’s Peseta OnCa Compare and Contrast 1. What do you think connects the three pieces that you read in this book? What makes you think that? 2. Compare and contrast the reasons why Amundsen, Scott, Shackleton, and Evans went to Antarctica. How were their reasons alike and different? 3. Andrew Evans uses modern tools, such as a GPS device anda cell phone. How might modern tools have changed the other explorers’ expeditions? ( 4, Choose a haiku. Then find a passage or a photo in another piece that explains or € © shows what the haiku is describing. Tell & how they are connected. ( 5. What questions do you still wonder about Antarctica or its explorers?Glossary blog (noun) aWeb site where a personwrites about atopic for others toread and comment on continent (noun) any of the seven largest areas of land on Earth crew (noun) a group of people working together to doajob depot (noun) place where supplies are stored Equator (noun) the imaginary line around Earth at its widest point, halfway between the North and South poles: expedition (noun) atrip taken to explore a place or do scientific research lure (noun) something that attracts people or makes them want todo something North Pole (noun) the piace on arth thatis the farthestnorth onward (adverb) toward something ahead; forward precipitation (noun) water that falls to Earth as rain, snow, sleet, or hail South Pole (noun) the place on Earth thatis the farthestsouth ‘temperature (noun) ameasure of how hot or cold somethingis Dlr coca ladders Make a Difference * Dinosaurs Amazing Plants « All Together Now Mixed-Up Matter « Birthday Celebrations Forces of Nature * Onward! ACKNOWLEDGMENTS: Grateful acknowegrares vento theauthors artists photographers seus peblsters an agents fr permissontareprintcapyrghted mater Evryeert hes beenmage asec te appopite Permission # nyonissionshayebeenmadecrifcorrectinsare Foguve peace Contact he Pabishor Leda LadeFaraworke andthe Looe ogo atadanacksof Mtoetri, hc. ondoreregatredn te UnteeSttesancbrood Photagrphic credits Front Cover, Te Page Sten Kales/ScancoFacton/ otis rant Caer) Anew Ever (3) Kora ibtheMnden Pcturs/Gety mages} ©Corbs Back Covert) nee vas 2{c)oxowasWatne/Minaen Pzres/ecttyinages (tebdee Kemp Getty images. 3(0) ome Kemp/Gety mages (0) eM Kanp/sety Images (€)eMile KerpyGetty mages 4b) oNatbert ying Pctesi/Gettylmages 0) OM rtey/Gety nage (a) ‘barn Hartly ety nage 5 el} North Wind Picture Ache) ‘Ala el eNack The Library of Congress (OF rake {uosetimanycomis (be) orton Deuter Coectian/Cos.6(t) ‘keen Therageman rt itary fs) @Bettmann Corb 7(e) ‘Nationa GoagraphicMaps 8) OBetmanCeris he) ere DeutsenCotectonCorbis (t] €Coris fb) 6012 Muenchen Gb ‘SusddeutcheZetungPhoto/Alany )}oThe egenan Ar Ura 3 OMeryEvensPictureLibaryAlam. t) OTReStapetoColecton/ TreBiidgeman At brary 10 (a) eTheBrgenan ArtLibay {The StapetonColection/Tha ggeman Aiba tr} Lepr Clection/Alamy (8) OLanson Faker NGM STAT, jana Paredes 20) oaegmages (orton Deutsch Calecten/torois12(3) ‘Underwood & Unceroo/ Corbis 33 eran civ etty Images 44} 0Sctt Polar Rassarchlnstitite Univesity of Cambie 15(.)omuedes Arcnnes/Te Grange Coleco 16(c) ohadien sens. 17 (0) The Badger Libary (be) OSSFL/Gety nage () ‘lca inde Comercial Alay fx} ©0zqur Doan Stockoea (ola Cojpot/Stetestack (7) @Camstock/Getty neges 18 ‘hkee/Aamy er) 0826 Vineet fr) oEthlDavis/Robet Haring orlmagery/Cobis (t) Anew Evans 38 elanCoety Jay Cotbs (te) STUDEROY/ mien Pitre National Geographic Stock teAnsrewEvans (x) Arden Ears 20(t] Aree Evers (s)ednaouewans 21 fl etrven Evans (ehnaonE ans) National Geographic Stock (}2Pa! 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