. ee dome Basic esti chess istry - Chemistry is branch of Science that ith the shu emi AG Composition ik Propertic srt s_chemical —_!@Thovgamic chemistry -—“The branch of chemistry [ei hich deals mith the study cee Meme | ———__ gather elements except a Carbon? . je MpT : 112 elements: Notes 44 elements ga. : BS «Miche Hg & Br: liquid - 3 me Peg] sical chemist “The bench Ae chem xy Which deals ith the shady of Energy, energy dram: ae : different leu /Piinciples ek.es Hic le b Re eee eae ject fimdamentalpaccticle { ae @ +0_ ; I Molecule Oko obo —- =Lega 08, Cos Triakemic molecule — Alomicity —[l leo uy [Al ftom city = Tebrokonnic molecule = -fe2) Mable gases - He ,Ne Ax Kr, xe, pic Je tare dbnld sary croid Mon J G Youp 18 - m1C [ote Mater :— =‘finything _abich having 14'S own mass on mass & = ee | oer Simepupies same Spaceic eis called as Mattey? very ve. ery Wea! : - o |“ jkemmnleculay ear ae — serces): Sets heen ould ate otratieris erats Cia~Metalloids Nom=-metals eh [@they hawe |@ Bad conductors ft inteymediate of heat &clectricity : | properties: @Tbey donot have (Beet Pmebas | lustre -_ sae +|—& nem metals. |_ ©, Non ~ rralieable. 24 '-Gei si | @nNot ductile ea ee oat SC, Ne EC! Bu 6 Mixture = Mixture is impure fom of matter | having _ oe one eres. eo . tio: af—_|——— ne : ea ne. pear | , physical properties out en position, —-=—— ___| Schemizal compasition- 2 Miiindiaiack ge" is called a! is calledia chenica) | physical properties || __paoporties i. odour a Melting paint No mgtO2 S219 Bailing poiat il Nubile 4 “viscacity ie 3 ic => ice a LE ev. alt —* {Measurement of properties :~ - —- is Unies oe -arhictarily decidedtuniversally , \ ieee = i eli Paks = Metye =) distain ee Kilogmm = weight 2 i [Tat Fes = Foot Dishance | Pound — eight ; fo wad Gerord — time Ry at eel i ke os | psn = ao) Bede ae Pavia oR “atematicnal aystem of wit”. x Tohusicol quantities |. a8 7 Ni Laie! pet eee Nerived | | Quantities a Deer: R a SE ie @hnse The quantities Whase IS rock rmagnetlide ic depe; i On other physica —— tiendasental quantity? eae oe jt ae cia , Mass23} val Maltiaae t= “Tt is amount of space -eccupied by ae dimensional object” Gases - Unit: Litre CL). ae SI unit = 92. : | = daoeaml « LCi ew ; 4 os }-Locam! = 1o0cam? = 4 | -tdm3 = 4160016 a eit le ase aaa 2 = te eee ede a aiaalesa == re iq Jan? - 077 kgrai > @kelvin = k (st unit, one. 3 3B {Relabion =e £ Kelvin = "ct 27a-15- = °C+273% i) pk oe =altd+aa ( — ome Pein kc Le => kas “C+ 273-15 —f = = p= te pac oice ae ec 09 Bo otak x i : = @°c +973.) Bees Miedo Ot DQG oY) | SAL P= 273:15 k i= Absolute zero ccale- oi ole !s.00345 kKHams of chemical Combination ~ elements combine to each other “and oon, process is governed by five bee iaas dite before he aa ——0f molecular formulae Ee. i ee smadern chemist [ae bemass of reackant j panes equal to Ee : combination or _ = fo combi ee BSR Gephasele a aero ee ey eee pee desteyed WP UE ol cleat Sxeactinreie me BE niPiase nea aeartants = Masa at fotedlucts Bee ere rma a Ce rey" Wes TE oe ou aay an ao = 12 B2u = 2432. = 44y- ei —Reackant —= product - ih i aus oe uy Lai of conservation of = San tbe tae = = — : ee skSe. Nakival sample | Shag so | 38-5 E Ml yathebicSample | 51:35 9:74 | li) wakex » Hoo. > 2u+ieu cE | I+ oy) Oa. E SEER 2 We ae . eee = 5 ame. me ig iMes vette! — i [Ve OSS Akay <.wtion John Dalton’ aw oF Muttiple prapoytion :~Jo za a &B forms moe than one : lasses_af elements @ that combines _ ee » acl ei eee es ease oon E See Gs —— += Ox = NGS 369’ ANAS ae 16 aaa fines ct Nititgen + oxygen — > Nitagendioxid Biles i She upd Noa 4g Bade > Ly, 469" ~-Ratiorof o Higa aaa = £16: 235 ighing Gras.| (aor). mens Jussaci Leia of Gnseouslalnes “substances react | ee o_ ~ [dlatement = when gaseous. then Volume a ia Tabdnclant puesaine & tebperch Gi=)) Aca) +B (gyi ABCs) + ee cis (Bs L SS 1 2 Hydyagen 3) + Oxygen/q) —> water Cg) ono Ge wn) Joc SprlHo + 410 OE IOe= Seilieeae as Ammonia (9) _- No (4). + 2H () 119 Nia cg As 31 33h 151)le th Ss Rx | - ———— As oes ——equal numb n SBE Ae pl conv ment .— “Equal Volume of all gases_centuing _ ex of molecwes lates _ at constant tempexabre & Mmessure ._ Ba Hag 02,95 ag 5 ae | ema eT bial fr ag | Tn_the above example 52 volumes. af hydogen combina o> All afome nf same pleraeat have. ists of tiny. indivisihl HParticles Called atoms. re cle pe ies 3 di Pexent elements have diffevent _ = sc hada” —propertie. aha a i 3 nds ore femed ben okie whee, Cece che Comhine me ae RAD eyPr Cokie cic. = Inoittaamu - ay BUTE ISU posday ey 1244 = 16 amu—J ick tscepes Ge ee elett | WS Occustance - This is called a: setetagh cites mass = eminem substance is the —______tmgs_ of one molecule of that subdance_ a ccs of one Ca}2 oto Ne Paine pulling eng obec ammea by oo. cf cls, Me =. i fou tonics) —_| ee 2) + Cig u_xx)- 2U + 16u- ot 2 } = Werte ma = ku toxight 18 : a Benzeme. [Mamas = (anF cE 6 x0) ot (hy. ahomicmassatll x6) Sa (GE Ae wie fe 2 Coeyyy | | piepeoteriotenoteteieletototmi| el | eerie22-4 dm%= looo x 22-4 —§ Ze: = 201606 -em®) vl Cal sTp ition ° ow coast _|G (isle GP GaSe t2%6 Homi a) = By ho-cf moles :—_Gi oe = ae = = ee ee | Malar Nolume of gas . es i es6@ny= 22° =e “4 dm? a a fo. - Soacephe = ——— i. = » Gals Bir a hema of one mole sf asubstunce (element Icanpo- }und) beli) Cor > log + 1eg +169 E . = 44g Imol- a = tS [eee See gerati cm Piga = faa ginal = pmo leg t leg = 3 pee i = [oN = lag 8x 14 a =1191mo) ox 17 gimol”! @lMolay volume of gas i : #4] Srp i= sland tempat pressive ESOC Kelvin = °c #979 +)