IMPLEMENTATION OF
Computer Components
Presented by Moumeta Akter
Introduction
In modern computing, various hardware
components work together seamlessly to perform
complex tasks and process vast amounts of data.
Understanding the implementation of these
components is key to understanding how
computers function at their core. Each component,
from the CPU and memory to storage and
input/output devices, has a specific role and is
designed to maximize efficiency, speed, and
performance. This presentation will explore the
essential computer components, their roles, and
how they are implemented in a typical computer
system, providing insights into the backbone of
modern technology.
Studio Shodwe
Motherboard
The motherboard is the central hub of a computer that
connects all components, allowing them to
communicate and work together. It houses the CPU
socket, RAM slots, expansion slots (like PCIe for
graphics cards), and storage connectors (SATA or
NVMe for SSDs and HDDs). The motherboard also
contains chipsets that manage data flow between
components and features the BIOS/UEFI firmware for
system startup. It controls power distribution to the
parts and provides various I/O ports like USB and
Ethernet. The motherboard's design ensures all
components function efficiently in a cohesive system.
Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
CPU is the primary component of a computer
that performs most of the processing and
control functions. It is also commonly
referred to as a "processor." The CPU is
responsible for executing instructions and
manipulating data in a computer system.
Memory
(RAM and ROM)
RAM (Random Access Memory) is a type of volatile memory used to
temporarily store data and instructions that the CPU needs while
performing tasks. It allows fast access, making it essential for running
applications and multitasking. Data in RAM is lost when the computer
is powered off. Modern computers use types like DDR4 and DDR5,
with typical capacities ranging from 8GB to 32GB or more. RAM is
crucial for ensuring quick access to active processes and smooth
system performance.
ROM (Read-Only Memory), on the other hand, is non-volatile and
stores permanent data, such as the BIOS, that is necessary for the
system to boot up. ROM retains its contents even when the computer
is powered off. It is slower than RAM and cannot be easily modified,
though some types like EEPROM can be rewritten for updates. ROM is
essential for providing the basic instructions needed for starting the
computer and controlling hardware.
Power Supply
The power supply unit (PSU) converts electricity from a wall outlet
(AC) into the type of power (DC) needed by the computer's
components. It provides power to the motherboard, CPU, storage,
and other peripherals. Key aspects include wattage (total power it can
supply) and efficiency ratings like 80 PLUS. A stable PSU ensures
safe and efficient operation of the entire system.
Monitor
A monitor is an output device that displays visual information from the computer. It
connects to the graphics card or motherboard and shows images, videos, and user
interfaces. Common display types include LCD, LED, and OLED. Monitors vary in size,
resolution (e.g., Full HD, 4K), and refresh rates, impacting the clarity and smoothness of
visuals.
Mouse
A mouse is an input device used to control the cursor on the computer screen. It allows users to point,
click, drag, and interact with the graphical user interface. Mice can be wired or wireless and often
feature optical or laser sensors for precise movement tracking. It's essential for navigation and
executing commands in most computing tasks.
Keyboard
A keyboard is an input device that allows users to enter text and commands into a computer. It
consists of keys arranged in a specific layout, typically QWERTY, and includes function keys, number
keys, and special keys like Enter and Escape. Keyboards can be wired or wireless and may feature
mechanical or membrane switches for different tactile feedback. They are essential for typing, data
entry, and controlling various software applications.
Thank You
