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Aim 1

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6 views11 pages

Aim 1

Uploaded by

rudrasalvix16
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Aim:

To find refractive indices of water and


turpentine and oil using a plane mirror, an
equiconvex lens (made from a glass of known
refractive index) and object needle. an
adjustable
Apparatus:
A Convex lens, an optical needle, a plane
Mirror a Clamp stamp, a spherometer, a
plumb line, meter scale/ turpentine oil. water
and
Theory:
let add small amount of water on a lens Flat,
plane sun face and place it This Forms as
Conven plano-concave lens. lower surface of
over fond of Water between the Conven lens
and plano - mirror. Let fi and F₂ water lens
then Focal and the focal length of Conven
lens respectively, length of the Combination
is:
1/f=1/f1+1/f2
The Focal length lens is of the plano -
concave lens
1/f=1/f1+1/f2+……………...
From Lens Maker's Formula=1/f1 =(mew-
1) (1/R1+1/R2)
=(mew-1) 1/R
R1=R and R2=infinite for water lens
The refractive index of water is
mew=1+R/F1 _ (ii)
(when "R" is the radius of concave
surfaces of F Curvature of the plano
concave lens).
The Radius of Curvature of the lens, is
R= l2/2h+h/ 2 _(iii)
Procedure: -
(1) For Finding the focal length of
Conven lens: -
i) Measure the rough focal length of the
Conven lens.
ii) Place the lens placed on Base or a its
tip lines. plane mirror with the convex. it
above the horizontal. Clamp stand
horizontally as Venatically above the
optical. lens. Adjust the needle at more
than the rough focal. Centene of a height
of little more than the rough focal.
iii) Tory to remove the parallel between
the of the object needle and its image tip.
iv) Note the distance of the tip of the
needle from the of the lens Centre of the
upper Surface Let it be x, (use plumb
line)
v) Remove the distance of Conven lens
and measure the tip the plane minion
line) of the needle from. Let it be X2 (use
plumb
vi) Repeat and record all the
observations.
ii) for finding the focal length of the
plano-concave lens - Pour few drops of
and place the Step (ii) to (iv) Conven
lens. as Repeat the procedure clone the
plane mirror. oven it above.
• Repeat with turpentine oil also
iii) for findings "I"
Determine the pitch and least. Count of
Scale -meter of the on lens. Turn. till the
lens the Spherometer. Place the sphere.
dried surface of the Conven the screw
down wards. tip of the Screw very gently
just touches Read and record the
reading. Keep the spherometer’s legs. a
Papes and adjusting Pricks, A, B, and C
the three legs of spherometer and
Pericus the half meter of on the base of
the screw, finds the three legs of Join the
centers of the measure Scale. the lengths
with
Note the values of AB, BC, and AC.
Observations: -
Pitch of the spherometer =
Least Count of the spherometer =
Distance b/w the legs
1)AB
2) BC
3) CA
Calculations:
mean distance between two legs.
x = AB+ BC+CA/ 3
mean h
To Find the radius. of curvature of the
convex lens: R=l2/6h+h/
Measurement of refractive indices of
water. and Turpin oil
1)with water between the plane minor
and convex lens
Mew1= 1 +R/F2
2) with Turpin oil Conven lens and the
between the Plane mirror
Mew2= 1 + R/F3
Result: -
The refractive index of water is mew1
The refractive index of turpentine oil is
mew2
Calculations: -
Mean distance between two legs
I = AB+BC+ CA/3 = 3cm
mean n=
Precautions
i) The Screw of the spherometer should
be in one direction only to avoid backlash
error
1) The glass screw should be moved just
to touch Surface of the convex lens on
the glass Slab.
2) The parallax should be removed
properly.
3) The lens and the plane mirror shot
should be properly Cleaned.
4) The Convex lens of large Focal length
Should be used.
5) The spherometer reading should be
taken First Conven lens the sun face and
then on of the glass slab.
Sources of error:
i) The distances X1 and X2 may not be
measured correctly
ii) The value of h and I may not be
correct
iii) Parallax may not be removed
Properly.
iv) Backlash error may be acting on the
Spherometer

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