WRITING TASK 2: ADVANTAGES – DISADVANTAGES

Các cụm từ liệt kê

 To begin with,
 What is more,
 Moreover,
 In addition,
 Besides,
 Futhermore,
 Last but not least
 The major one is that
 The final drawback is that
 In the first place
 First and foremost
 The second advantage/ disadvantage is that
 The most obvious merit is that

Mở bài: In recent years, topic has become a broad issue to the general public. Some
people believe the issue that topic has many advantages. However, others think that it
could also have some disadvantages/ negative effects. In my opinion, its cons could
never overshadow its pros. Discussed below are several benefits as well as drawbacks
of this issue.

Thân bài:

First and foremost, people should recognize that there are many advantages of topic. A
very importane point to consider is that 1st advantage. This means that explain. To
illustrate this point, I would like to mention that example 1. Another point I would like
to make is that 2nd advantage. This is because of the fact that explain. For example,
example 2.

On the other hand, in addition to the important advantages of this problem, it has some
disadvantages. In fact, people have this opinion because (bất lợi). This means that (giải
thích). This can be shown by example that (ví dụ).
Kết bài: In conclusion, the above mentioned facts have outlined the benefits as well as
the drawbacks of this issue. Its disavantages should be taken into account. People
should take advantages of the pros and minimize the cons of this issue.
Ex1: Online learning
Online learning is a great, revolutionary alternative to traditional training. Online
learning is a form of distance learning that takes place over the Internet including
online courses, exams, gamified quizzes, and certification training. Some people
believe that e-learning will replace traditional classes in the future.

Advantages - Online learning is a convenient way of learning

 Flexible learning hours
 Learn at their convinient (hoc khi thuan tien)
 Oversea courses
- Time-saving and money-saving
 Save a great deal of time and transportation costs
 Low-cost or free online lessions
- Allows a large of number of learners to attend a course
Disadvantages - Harmful to people’s health
- Reduced face-to-face human interaction
- Get distracted from study (xao nhang viec hoc)  get bad
results

In recent years, online learning has become a broad issue to the general public. Some
people believe the issue that e-learning has many advantages. However, others think
that it could also have some negative effects. In my opinion, its cons could never
overshadow its pros. Discussed below are several benefits as well as drawbacks of this
issue.

First and foremost, people should recognize that there are many advantages of online
learning. A very importane point to consider is that e-learning is a convenient way of
learning. This means that learners have flexibles learning hours. To illustrate this
point, I would like to mention that they can arrange time and place to study at their
convenient. Moreover, it is very easy for them to take oversea courses which are
instructed by lecturer from famous university. Another point I would like to make
is that online learning is not only time-saving but also money-saving. This is
because of the fact that learners can save a great deal of time and transportation
costs. In addition, they can take low-cost or even free online courses because there
is no need to rent or buy equipment for the classroom. Last but not least, online
learning allows a large of number leaners to attend a course. E-learning classes
do not limited to the number of students like traditional classes.

On the other hand, in addition to the important advantages of this problem, it has some
disadvantages. In fact, people have this opinion because online learning can be
harmful to people’s health. This means that when spending too much time to
learning online, learners may be suffer from health problems. This can be shown
by example that obesity, short-sightedness. Futhermore, it causes reduce face-to-face
human interaction. Students have fewer opportunities to discuss topics with their
classmates and teachers directly, which has negative effects on solf skills such as
communication skill and teamwork skill. The final demerit is that students might
find it easy to get distracted from their study. Many of them tent to surf other
websites to entertain while learning. This will be makes them not concentrate on
study and get bad results.

In conclusion, the above mentioned facts have outlined the benefits as well as the
drawbacks of this issue. Its disavantages should be taken into account. People should
take advantages of the pros and minimize the cons of online learning.

TỔNG KẾT

- Advantages

(1) e-learning is a convenient way of learning

 learners have flexibles learning hours

 they can arrange time and place to study at their convenient
 it is very easy for them to take oversea courses which are instructed by lecturer
from famous university

(2) online learning is not only time-saving but also money-saving

 learners can save a great deal of time and transportation costs

  they can take low-cost or even free online courses because there is no need to
rent or buy equipment for the classroom

(3) online learning allows a large of number leaners to attend a course: E-learning
classes do not limited to the number of students like traditional classes

- Disadvantages

(1) online learning can be harmful to people’s health

 spending too much time to learning online, learners may be suffer from health
problems
 obesity, short-sightedness

(2) it causes reduce face-to-face human interaction: don’t have many opportunities
to discuss topics with their classmates and teachers directly  negative effect on solf
skills – communication and teamwork skill.

(3) students might find it easy to get distracted from their study: don’t focus/
concentrate on the lessions, they may be surf some website for entertain while learning
 get bad learning results.

NEW VOCABULARY
Save a great deal of time and Tiết kiệm thời gian và chi phí di chuyển
transportation costs
get distracted from Xao nhãng việc học
concentrate on Tập trung vào
Ex2: Studying abroad
Studying abroad may be one of the most beneficial experiences for a student. When
studying abroad, students have the opportunity to study in a foreign nation and obtain
an international degree which is an advantage for their future personal development
and better job opportunities. However, students also have a number of difficulties such
as language barrier and homesickness.

Benefits - Provide students with better courses

 more opportunities to find jobs after graduation
 higher standard of living
- Develop independence
 do everything on their own
 mature and learn a lot of skills
- Chances to widen their knowledge and relationships
 meet some new friends
 explore new destinatons
Drawbacks - Homesick and culture shock
 feel lonely and depressed
 not concentrate on study
 hard to adapt to a new culture
 negative effects on health
- Language barrier (rao can ngon ngu)
 hard to explain their mind
 hard to speak or communicate with foreigners
- Great deal of money
 expensive tution
 get part-time jobs to have money  effect on learning
results

In recent years, studying abroad has become a broad issue to the general public.
Some people believe the issue that studying abroad has many benefits. However,
others think that it could also have some drawbacks. In my opinion, its cons could
never overshadow its pros. Discussed below are several benefits as well as drawbacks
of this issue.

First and foremost, people should recognize that there are many advantages of
studying in another country. A very importance point to consider is that foreign
educational institutions provide students with better courses compared to those in
their country. This means that students are taught by excellent lecturers from well-
know universities. Besides, when obtaining an international qualification,
students have more opportunities to find suitable jobs which contribute to a
higher standard of living. Another point I would like to make is that students are
able to develop independence. This is because of the fact that living in another
country requires students must to do everything on their own such as doing
housework, managing time, money and so on. Therefore, they will be come more
mature and learn a lot of valuable skills for their life. Last but not least, students
have more chances to widen their knowlegde and relationships. For example, they
can meet and build more new friendship and explore new destinations in a new
country.

On the other hand, in addition to the important benefits of this problem, it has some
drawbacks. In fact, people have this opinion because living alone in strange country
results in homesickness and culture shock. This means that living far away from
their home might make students feel so lonely and depressed that they can not
concentrate on study. Language barries is another detrimental side of oversea lifes.
It is not easy to understand a new language clearly, therefore many students have
difficulties in communicating with foreigners. The final demerit is that studying
abroad costs a great deal of money. Because of the high cost of living and expensive
tution fees in a foreign country, many students have to get more part-time job
after school to earn money. This will be negative effect on their learning results.

In conclusion, the above mentioned facts have outlined the benefits as well as the
drawbacks of this issue. Its disavantages should be taken into account. People should
take advantages of the pros and minimize the cons of this issue.

TỔNG KẾT

- Benefits
(1) foreign educational institutions provide students with better courses compared
to those in their country

 students are taught by excellent lecturers from well-know universities

 when obtaining an international qualification, students have more opportunities
to find suitable jobs which contribute to a higher standard of living.

(2) students are able to develop independence

 living in another country requires students must to do everything on their own

 they will be come more mature and learn a lot of valuable skills for their life

(3) students have more chances to widen their knowlegde and relationships: they
can meet and build more new friendship and explore new destinations in a new
country.

- Drawbacks

(1) living alone in strange country results in homesickness and culture shock:
living far away from their home might make students feel so lonely and depressed that
they can not concentrate on study

(2) Language barries is another detrimental side of oversea lifes: not easy to
understand a new language clearly, therefore many students have difficulties in
communicating with foreigners

(3) studying abroad costs a great deal of money: high cost of living and expensive
tution fees in a foreign country, many students have to get more part-time job after
school to earn money. This will be negative effect on their learning results.

NEW VOCABULARY
foreign educational institutions Cơ sở giáo dục nước ngoài
obtain an international qualification Đạt được bằng cấp quốc tế
Ex3: Famous people
Famous people of various kinds, including movie stars and royalty, are often closely
followed by the press. There have been stories of journalists digging through garbage
bins to find little bits of information on the private lives of the rich and famous. Some
press photographers try to take photographs of famous people in their most private
moments to sell to the world's media.

Benefits - Becoming famous allows people to earn a great deal of money

 better and more fulfilling life
- preferential treatment almost everywhere they go
 have priority
- have a lot of fans who have great admiration for them
 get motivation and inspiration
 enjoy a great mental life
Drawbacks - Face the lack of privacy in their life
 followed by photographer
 be disturbed by phone and email
 stressed
- Busy schedule  unable to spend more time for family and
friends
 negative relationships
 loneliness and depression

Replace word:

 being famous
 becoming famous
 becoming famous people
 having fame
 achieving fame
 having reputation
In recent years, being famous has become a broad issue to the general public. Some
people believe the issue that become famous people has many benefits. However,
others think that it could also have some drawbacks. In my opinion, its cons could
never overshadow its pros. Discussed below are several benefits as well as drawbacks
of this issue.

First and foremost, people should recognize that there are many advantages of
becoming well-known people allows they to earn a great deal of money. To
illustrate, celebrities such as music stars, movie stars and so on can offer luxurious
cars, fabulous houses, exepensive clothes and etc., which leads to a better and
more fulfillness life compare to ordinary people. Besides, famous people get
preferential treatment almost everywhere they go. For example, celebrities are
able to have priority such as getting speical seats or preferred entry in public
places or events. Last but not least they have a large number of fans who have a
great admiration for them. As a result, they always get motivation and inspiration,
which helps them have a great mental health. (người nổi tiếng có thể được ưu tiên
như được ngồi ghế đặc biệt hoặc được ưu tiên vào nơi công cộng hoặc sự kiện. Cuối
cùng nhưng không kém phần quan trọng, họ có một lượng lớn người hâm mộ vô cùng
ngưỡng mộ họ. Kết quả là, họ luôn có động lực và cảm hứng, giúp họ có sức khỏe tinh
thần tuyệt vời.)

On the other hand, in addition to the important benefits of this problem, it has some
drawbacks. In fact, people have this opinion because celebrities have to face the lock
of privacy in their life. This means that they always followed by photographer who
try to take photos of their private moments. In addition, they might be disturbed
by phone and email, which makes them feel stressed. Busy schedule is another
detrimental side of having fames. They unable to spend much time with their
family and their friends. Consequently, this has a negative effect on their
relationship with others. Besides, they possibly cope with loneliness and
depressed. (Do đó, điều này có tác động tiêu cực đến mối quan hệ của họ với người
khác. Bên cạnh đó, họ có thể phải đối mặt với sự cô đơn và chán nản.)
In conclusion, the above mentioned facts have outlined the benefits as well as the
drawbacks of this issue. Its disavantages should be taken into account. People should
take advantages of the pros and minimize the cons of this issue.

TỔNG KẾT

- Benefits

(1) well-known people allows they to earn a great deal of money: can offer
luxurious cars, fabulous houses, exepensive clothes and etc.,  better and more
fulfillness life compare to ordinary people

(2) get preferential treatment almost everywhere they go: celebrities are able to
have priority such as getting speical seats or preferred entry in public places or events

(3) they have a large number of fans who have a great admiration for them: get
motivation and inspiration, which helps them have a great mental health

- Drawbacks

(1) celebrities have to face the lock of privacy in their life.

 they always followed by photographer who try to take photos of their private
moments
 they might be disturbed by phone and email, which makes them feel stressed.

(2) Busy schedule

 unable to spend much time with their family and their friends  this has a
negative effect on their relationship with others
 they possibly cope with loneliness and depressed (đối mặt với sự cô đơn và
chán nản)

NEW VOCABULARY
better and more fulfillness life compare Cuộc sống tốt hơn và viên mãn hơn
to ordinary people người bình thường
get preferential treatment Được đối xử ưu tiên
have priority such as getting speical seats Được ưu tiên như được ngồi chỗ đặc biệt
or preferred entry in public places or hoặc được ưu tiên vào nơi công cộng
 events hoặc sự kiện
might be disturbed Có thể bị quấy rầy
cope with loneliness and depressed Đối mặt với sự cô đơn và áp lực

Ex4: Homeschooling – Study at home

Homeschooling also known as home education is the education of school-aged
children at home or a variety of places other than school. Many homeschool families
use less formal, more personalized methods of learning that are not always found in
schools. Children are usually taught some basic subjects by their parents, tutors or
online teachers

Advantages - Parents can control over the curriculum and schooling schedule
of their children: make decision on what to teach or how to educate
their children
- Establish strong bonds between parent and their child
- Protect children from negative things which they may encounter
at school – violence and bullying
Disadvantages - costs a great deal of time and effort
- negative effect on children’s socialization
- finance problems

In recent years, homeschooling has become a broad issue to the general public. Some
people believe the issue that study at home has many benefits. However, others think
that it could also have some drawbacks. In my opinion, its cons could never
overshadow its pros. Discussed below are several benefits as well as drawbacks of this
issue.

First and foremost, people should recognize that there are many advantages of
homeschooling. A very importane point to consider is that parents can control over
the curriculum and schooling schedule of their child. To illustrate, they can make
their own decision on not only what to teach but also the method how to educate
their child. Besides, studying at home enables parents to establish strong bonds
with their child. For example, they can enjoy great moments in life together. Last
but not least parents can protect their child from negative things which may
encounter at school. For instance, homeschoolers are kept away from school
violence and bullying.

On the other hand, in addition to the important benefits of this problem, it has some
drawbacks. In fact, people have this opinion because studying at home costs a great
deal of time and effort. This means that parents must spend much time on
materials and lessions preparation. Moreover, parents have to make a great effort
to apply teaching methods that suit their children best. Fimalies face to financial
problems is the second disadvantages. When studying at home, moms or dads
have to give up their work, so they can earn much money. Besides, children who
are homeschoolers have a small circle of friend and lack of interaction with others
especially those of the same age. Because they do not have many chances to study
and communicate directly with their friend compare to traditional learning. As a
consequence, they can not enhance social skills and communication skills

In conclusion, the above mentioned facts have outlined the benefits as well as the
drawbacks of this issue. Its disavantages should be taken into account. People should
take advantages of the pros and minimize the cons of this issue.

TỔNG KẾT

- Advantages

(1) Parents can control over the curriculum and schooling schedule of their
children: they can make their own decision on not only what to teach but also the
method how to educate their child

(2) studying at home enables parents to establish strong bonds with their child:
they can enjoy great moments in life together

(3) parents can protect their child from negative things which may encounter at
school: homeschoolers are kept away from school violence and bullying.

- Disadvantages

(1) studying at home costs a great deal of time and effort

 parents must spend much time on materials and lessions preparation

  Moreover, parents have to make a great effort to apply teaching methods that
suit their children best

(2) Fimalies face to financial problems is the second disadvantages: moms or dads
have to give up their work, so they can earn much money

(3) children who are homeschoolers have a small circle of friend and lack of
interaction with others especially those of the same age: Because they do not have
many chances to study and communicate directly with their friend compare to
traditional learning.  they can not enhance social skills and communication skills
Ex 5: Extracurricular activities (HDNK)
Outside the standard framework of any educational curriculum, there are endless
opportunities for students to learn new skills and boost academic performance.
Extracurricullar activities such as sports teams, special-interest clubs and art groups
are a vital element for student’s development.

Advantages - Promote student’s self-exploration (kham pha) and development

of talents
 Do what they are take interest in  boost confidence
 Enhance others skills
 Refresh mind after hand-studying hours
- Improve social lifes and develop social skills: Have a large circle
of friends  build more new relationships
- Benefical for student’s health: stay healthy + keep fit
Disadvantages - Students spend a great deal of time to participate in outdoor
activities
 Difficult to arrange time
 Harmful effects on mental health
 Influence academic performance negatively
- These activities come along with plenty of extra expense
 Paying tution fee
 Buying necessary equipment

Besides gaining academic knowledge, taking part in extracurricular activities plaý an

important role in students’ personal development. Some people believe the issue that
extracurricular activities has many benefits. However, others think that it could also
have some drawbacks. In my opinion, its cons could never overshadow its pros.
Discussed below are several benefits as well as drawbacks of this issue.

First and foremost, people should recognize that there are many advantages of
extracurricular activities. A very importane point to consider is that extracurricular
activities promote student’s self-exploration and development of talents. To
illustrate, they have chances to do what they take interest in such as joining a
sport team or a music club. This assists them in boosting their confidence and
enhancing other skills like management and problem-solving skills. Besides,
taking part in outdoor activities can help students refresh their mind after hard-
studying hours at school. Futhermore, extracurricular activities enable students to
improve social life and develop social skills. For instance, when participating in
team sports, they have a large circle of friends who share the same interest. As a
result, they can build more new relationships. Last but not least taking part in
outdoor activities is benefical for student’s health. This means that they able to
stay healthy and keep fit.

On the other hand, in addition to the important benefits of this problem, it has some
drawbacks. In fact, people have this opinion because when joining in extracurricular
activities, students must spend a great deal of time. Students may feel very difficult
to arrange time for study and these activities. Moreover, spending more time on these
activities will influence their academic performance negatively. In addition, these
outdoor activities come along with extra money on paying tution fees and buying
necessary equiment like a musical instrument or dance shoes.

In conclusion, the above mentioned facts have outlined the benefits as well as the
drawbacks of this issue. Its disavantages should be taken into account. People should
take advantages of the pros and minimize the cons of this issue.

TỔNG KẾT

- Advantage

(1) extracurricular activities promote student’s self-exploration and development

of talents

 they have chances to do what they take interest in such as joining a sport team
or a music club.
 This assists them in boosting their confidence and enhancing other skills like
management and problem-solving skills

(2) taking part in outdoor activities can help students refresh their mind after
hard-studying hours at school
  extracurricular activities enable students to improve social life and develop
social skills.
 For instance, when participating in team sports, they have a large circle of
friends who share the same interest.
 As a result, they can build more new relationships

(3) taking part in outdoor activities is benefical for student’s health

- Disadvantage

(1) when joining in extracurricular activities, students must spend a great deal of
time

 Students may feel very difficult to arrange time for study and these activities.
 Moreover, spending more time on these activities will influence their academic
performance negatively

(2) these outdoor activities come along with extra money on paying tution fees
and buying necessary equiment like a musical instrument or dance shoes.
Ex 6: Advertizing
Advertizing is a very common feature of all our daily media. In fact, in most daily
newspapers, advertizing makes up the majority of the content. Very large amounts of
money are spent on advertizing. A television commercial can easily cost many
thousands of dollars per second.

Advantages - Advertisements make people well-informed about different

products and their comparative prices
 Make comparasion of the quality and price
 Find the best deal to save great of money
- Advertisements contribute to promoting the sales of the products
 Customers know more information about new products 
make a decision to buy  high profit
Disadvantages - Buyers can make a purchase of low-quality products
 Inaccurate information  make customers misunderstand
the quality of products
- Make customers confused  too many products and services 
difficult to select
- Advertising results in unnecessary purchase  waste money

In recent years, advertizing has become a broad issue to the general public. Some
people believe the issue that advertisement has many benefits. However, others think
that it could also have some drawbacks. In my opinion, its cons could never
overshadow its pros. Discussed below are several benefits as well as drawbacks of this
issue.

First and foremost, people should recognize that there are many advantages of
advertisements. A very importane point to consider is that advertisements make
people well-informed about different products and their comparative prices. To
illustrate, buyers can make comparasion of the quality and price of different
products. Therefore, they can find the best deal to save a great of money. Besides,
advertisements contribute to promoting the sales of the products especial new
brands. This means that through TV ads buyers can know more information about
new product brands and they might make a decision to buy. As a result,
advertising allows sellers to make higher profit.

On the other hand, in addition to the important benefits of this problem, it has some
drawbacks. In fact, people have this opinion because buyers can make a purchase
low-quality products. Asvertisements might offer inaccurate information which
make buyers misunderstand their quality. Moreover, advertisements might make
customers confused. There are too many products and services, so buyers find it
difficult to select those that meet their need. Last but not least, asvertising results
in unnecessary purchase. For instance, due to attractiveness of advertisements,
buyers tend to buy item without considering their necessary, which causes a waste
of money.

In conclusion, the above mentioned facts have outlined the benefits as well as the
drawbacks of this issue. Its disavantages should be taken into account. People should
take advantages of the pros and minimize the cons of this issue.

TỔNG KẾT

- Advantages

(1) advertisements make people well-informed about different products and their
comparative prices.

 To illustrate, buyers can make comparasion of the quality and price of different
products.
 Therefore, they can find the best deal to save a great of money.

(2) advertisements contribute to promoting the sales of the products especial new
brands

 through TV ads buyers can know more information about new product brands
and they might make a decision to buy.
 As a result, advertising allows sellers to make higher profit.

- Disadvantages

(1) buyers can make a purchase low-quality products.

  Asvertisements might offer inaccurate information which make buyers
misunderstand their quality

(2) advertisements might make customers confused.

 There are too many products and services, so buyers find it difficult to select
those that meet their need

(3) asvertising results in unnecessary purchase.

 For instance, due to attractiveness of advertisements, buyers tend to buy item

without considering their necessary, which causes a waste of money
Ex 7: Public transport
Public transport has become popular in Vietnam especially in big cities. Millions of
people today are travelling by public transport. Some people think that using public
transport brings a lot of advantages to the society in general and to themselves in
particular; others argue that they have some difficulties when using public transport.

Advantages - Using public transport make a great contribute to preserving the

environment.
 Private vehicles and emission decreases
 Reduce air pollution and improve air quality
 Less suffer from health problem
- It is a good way to reduce traffic congestion during rush hours
 Make travelling more convenient
- It is economical to travel by public vehicles
 Cheap tickets
 Save transportation costs
Disadvantages - Public transport provides users with low-quality services: make
people feel irritated
- Travellers may face unsafety: pickpockets steal money and
possesions  feel worried
- Public transport has an unreliable schedule: Not arrive punctually
 influence study and work time negatively

In recent years, public transport has become a broad issue to the general public.
Some people believe the issue that public transport has many benefits. However,
others think that it could also have some drawbacks. In my opinion, its cons could
never overshadow its pros. Discussed below are several benefits as well as drawbacks
of this issue.

First and foremost, people should recognize that there are many advantages of using
public transport make a great contribute to preserving the environment. This
means that when the number of people using public transport increase, the
number of private vehicles will decline. As a result, this activity will reduce air
pollution and improve air quality. This also helps people less suffer from health
problems. Futhermore, it is a good way to reduce traffic congestion during rush
hours. The declining use of private vehicles lead traffic jams and road accidents
to less occur, especially makes travelling become more covenients. Last but not
least, it is economical to travel by public transport. Because bus or train tickets
are very cheap, people can save a great of transportation costs.

On the other hand, in addition to the important benefits of this problem, it has some
drawbacks. In fact, people have this opinion because public transport provides
users with low-quality services. For instance, some buses are so old, the air
conditioning system does not work, which make people feel tired. The second
drawbacks is that travelers may face unsafety. To illustrate, due to overcrowing on
public transport, pickpocket easily steal money and possessions. Therefore, they
may feel worried and unsafe when using public transport. The final drawback is
that public transport has an unreliable schedule. In crowded areas, buss often
does not arrive punctually, which makes people go to school or work late. As a
consequence, this influences their study and work time negatively.

In conclusion, the above mentioned facts have outlined the benefits as well as the
drawbacks of this issue. Its disavantages should be taken into account. People should
take advantages of the pros and minimize the cons of this issue.

TỔNG KẾT

- Advantages

(1) public transport make a great contribute to preserving the environment.

 This means that when the number of people using public transport increase, the
number of private vehicles will decline.
 As a result, this activity will reduce air pollution and improve air quality.
 This also helps people less suffer from health problems

(2) it is a good way to reduce traffic congestion during rush hours.

  The declining use of private vehicles lead traffic jams and road accidents to less
occur, especially makes travelling become more covenients

(3) it is economical to travel by public transport.

 Because bus or train tickets are very cheap, people can save a great of
transportation costs.

- Disadvantages

(1) people have this opinion because public transport provides users with low-
quality services.

 For instance, some buses are so old, the air conditioning system does not work,
which make people feel tired

(2) travelers may face unsafety.

 To illustrate, due to overcrowing on public transport, pickpocket easily steal

money and possessions.
 Therefore, they may feel worried and unsafe when using public transport

(3) public transport has an unreliable schedule.

 In crowded areas, buss often does not arrive punctually, which makes people go
to school or work late.
 As a consequence, this influences their study and work time negatively.
Ex 8: Multitasking – đa nhiệm
Multitasking is the act of working on different tasks at the same time or switching
from one distinct task to another with almost no interval. Many people believe that
multitasking can save time and increase proficiency and productivity. However, others
claim that it can cause stress and decreased quality.

- Benefits

(1) It is a good way of increasing effiency and productivity (tăng hiệu quả và năng
suất)

 Complete multiple tasks or achieve different goals in less time (hoàn thành
nhiều nhiệm vụ và đạt được nhiều mục tiêu khác nhau trong thời gian ngắn)
 Save time  spend on doing different things (tiết kiệm thời gian  dành thời
gian cho những việc khác)

(2) It’s strengthen people’s mind

 Boost mental concentration (tăng cường khả năng tập trung)

 People have a sense of achievement (có càm giác đạt được một thứ gì đó  có
thêm tinh thần + nỗ lực làm việc)

(3) Its helps to improve flexibility (sự linh hoạt)

Make own decision on how and when to complete each specific task (tự mình đưa ra
quyết định cách làm là như thế nào và thời điểm hoàn thành của từng nhiệm vụ cụ thể)

- Drawbacks

(1) Its lead to decline in the quality of work

 Undertake different tasks  make plenty of mistakes  poor work quality

(2) It has negative effect on people’s health

 Result in constant stress (căng thẳng kéo dài)

 Suffer from tiredness and exhaustion (mệt mỏi và kiệt sức)
On the one hand, people should recognize that there are many advantages of
multitasking. First and foremost, it is a good way of increasing effiency and
productivity. This means it enables a person to complete multiple tasks or achieve
different goals in less time. As a result, people can save plenty of time which can
be spent on doing different things. Futhermore, multitasking contribute to
strengthening people’s mind. A person has to stay focused on various tasks to get
them done. So it helps people boost their mental concentration. In addition, as
multitasking often challenging, it makes people have a sense of achievement. Last
but not least, multitasking helps to improve flexibility. To illustrate, people who
multitask become more flexible because they can make their own decision on how
and when to do each specific task in different cases.

On the other hand, in addition to the important benefits of this problem, it has some
drawbacks. In fact, people have this opinion because multitasking leads to decline in
the quality of work. Because when multitasking, people undertake different tasks,
it is easy for them to make plenty of mistakes. As a concequency, it will be poorer
work quality than doing one task. The final drawback is that multitasking has
negative impact on people’s health. To illustrate, concentrating on performing a
lot of tasks at a time puts presser on human brain and results in constant stress.
Besides, people may suffer from physical problems such as tiredness and
exhaustion.

TỔNG KẾT

- Advantages

(1) it is a good way of increasing effiency and productivity.

 This means it enables a person to complete multiple tasks or achieve different

goals in less time.
 As a result, people can save plenty of time which can be spent on doing
different things.

(2) multitasking contribute to strengthening people’s mind.

 A person has to stay focused on various tasks to get them done.

  So it helps people boost their mental concentration as multitasking often
challenging,
 it makes people have a sense of achievement

(3) multitasking helps to improve flexibility.

 To illustrate, people who multitask become more flexible because they can
make their own decision on how and when to do each specific task in different
cases

- Disadvantages

(1) multitasking leads to decline in the quality of work.

 Because when multitasking, people undertake different tasks, it is easy for them
to make plenty of mistakes.
 As a concequency, it will be poorer work quality than doing one task

(2) multitasking has negative impact on people’s health.

 To illustrate, concentrating on performing a lot of tasks at a time puts presser on

human brain and results in constant stress.
 Besides, people may suffer from physical problems such as tiredness and
exhaustion.
Ex 9: Public spaces
Public spaces like the parks and squares are great places for people to get away for a
moment from the bustle of a busy daily life. Thus, public spaces are becoming more
and more important to city residents in terms of improving people's health, increasing
social interaction and learning about the nature.

Write essay to discss the important of public spaces.

(1) Public spaces have positive impacts on people’s health

 Participant in different activities

 Keep fit, stay healthy and prevent health problems
 Escape from stress and drepression

(2) Public spaces promote increased social interaction

 Meet up and make friend/ communicate with more people

 Build more relationship
 Enhance social skills

(3) Public spaces assits people in improving their knowledge about the nature

 Love contact with the nature

 Raise an awereness of the important of the nature and environmental protection

In recent years, public spaces such as parks and squared has become a broad issue to
the general public. Some people believe the issue that public spaces has many benefits
like improving their health, social interaction and knowledge about the nature. This
essay will dicuss the above advantages of public spaces.

First of all, public spaces have positive impacts on people’s health. For instance,
they can join in different activities in places such as parks or squares. There are great
places for everyone, especially old people to walk, do exercise, play sports and enjoy
the fresh air. Therefore, they can become healthier, keep fit and prevent some health
problems. Besides, when doing activities and enjoy a green environment, people can
feel relaxed and comfortable after hard working hours.
Secondly, public spaces help people increase social interaction. When coming to
public spaces, people have more chances to meet up with their friend and
communicate with more new people. For example, when taking part in social events
like festivals, people become closer to each other and easily make friends. This also
help them broaden their relationshop. Futhermore, they can improve social skills such
as communication skills.

Last but not least, public spaces assits people in improving their knowledge about
the nature. To illustrate, people who live in big city will have some opportunities to
know more about animals and plants when they go to the zoos or parks. When being
closer to the nature, they are aware of its important to their life. Therefore, they will try
to protect the environment.

To sum up, public spaces play an important roles in modern life. The government
should build more public spaces to help people have a better life and improve
awareness of people about protecting the environment.

TỔNG KẾT

(1) public spaces have positive impacts on people’s health

 For instance, they can join in different activities in places such as parks or
squares. These are great places for everyone, especially old people to walk, do
exercise, play sports and enjoy the fresh air. Therefore, they can become
healthier, keep fit and prevent some health problems.
 Besides, when doing activities and enjoy a green environment, people can feel
relaxed and comfortable after hard working hours.

(2) public spaces help people increase social interaction

 When coming to public spaces, people have more chances to meet up with their
friend and communicate with more new people.
 For example, when taking part in social events like festivals, people become
closer to each other and easily make friends. This also help them broaden their
relationshop.
 Futhermore, they can improve social skills such as communication skills.
(3) public spaces assits people in improving their knowledge about the nature

 To illustrate, people who live in big city will have some opportunities to know
more about animals and plants when they go to the zoos or parks.
 When being closer to the nature, they are aware of its important to their life.
Therefore, they will try to protect the environment.

Ex 10: Traffic congestion – Tắc nghẽn giao thông

Traffic congestion should be solved by public means of transportation

 Public transport

Advantage

(1) Public transport make a great contribution to preserving the environment

Gas-powered cars are type of private vehicles and their emission significantly
contribute to pollution and poor air quality.

I would agree that when the number of people using public transport increase, the
number of private vehicles will decline.

As a result, this activity will reduce air pollution and improve air quality.

This also helps people less suffer from some health problems.

(2) Public transport play an important role in reducing traffc congestion

Car and other form of private vehicles take up most of the road surface.

 The greater private vehivles the greater traffic jam.

The declining of using private vehicles lead traffic jam and road accidents less occur.

(3) It is very economical when travel by public transport

Because almost type of public transport like bus or train tickets are very cheap

 People can save a great of transportation cost

Disadvantage

(1) Some