Le – 12.
IMPROVEMENT IN FOOD RESOURCES
Grade: 9 Teachers copy Subject: Biology
Student Name ……………………………… Sec ………………...…… Date:
……..……
I Concept map:
Nutrient Management
Irrigation
Cropping patterns Weeds
Higher Yield Insects and Pests
Improved Quality Parasites
Biotic and Abiotic Resistance
Change in maturity Duration
Desirable agronomic characters
Crop Crop Protection
Production Management
Crop Variety
Management
Improvement
Storage
Crop
Improvement in Food
Resources
Animal Husbandry
Cattle Farming Poultry Fisheries Apiculture
Farming
Milch Draught Pasturage Honey
Animals animals Layers Broilers
Marine Inland
Fisheries Fisheries
II. Glossary:
1. School: A group of fish is called a school or shoal of fish.
2. Photoperiod: Duration of sunlight
3. Agronomy: Branch of agriculture that deals with field crop production and soil management.
4.Bio pesticide: Naturally occurring substances that act as pesticides to control or kill pest species.
5. Disinfectant: A disinfectant is a chemical substance or compound used to inactivate or destroy
microorganisms on inert surfaces.
III. Competency Focussed Practice Questions:
1. What do you mean by hypophysation? What are its advantages?
A. Hypophysation includes the extraction of hormones from the pituitary glands of donor fishes and
injecting the same to Carps in captivity, i.e., either in hatchery or ponds.
Advantages:
i. Carps breed in rivers and not in captivity. By hypophysation, Carps can be made to breed in
captivity.
ii. We get healthy and pure seeds for fish farming, which ensures the supply of the same in desired
quantity.
2. If there is low rainfall in a village throughout the year, what measures will you suggest to the
farmers for better cropping?
A. For better cropping in low rainfall areas, farmers can be suggested to:
i. Practice farming with drought-resistant and early maturing varieties of crops.
ii. To enrich the soil with more humus content as it increases the water-holding capacity and retains
water for longer duration.
3. In a village there a three friends A, B, C whose major occupation is agriculture. Farmer A was very
happy with the yield he get from the field. He used to change the crop every season. Farmer B also got
better yield as he was using compost in his field collected from his farm animals. Farmer C used to
grow season after the season same crop and there is a decline in the yield year after year.
i. What is the method of crop production the farmer A implemented and in what it is beneficial?
A. Crop rotation
i. It improves the soil fertility.
ii. It avoids depletion of a particular nutrient from soil.
iii. It minimise pest infestation and diseases.
iv. It helps in weed control.
ii. Why there is a decline in the yield in the field of farmer C?
A. There is a decline in the yield because as he grown same crop in successive crop season there is
depletion of soil nutrients and soil became deficient of nutrients.
4. Excess use of fertilizers is not advisable. Justify the statement.
A. Fertilizers supply various nutrients as they are nutrient specific e.g.-urea provides nitrogen.
Excessive use of fertilizers are not advisable as:
(a) It leads to soil and water pollution.
(b) It can destroy the fertility of soil. As the soil is not replenished, microorganisms in the soil are
harmed by fertilizers.
5. A group of gardening club students prepared a kitchen garden in the school campus and did organic
farming to grow the vegetables. Then the students presented their group work in the assembly to
spread the awareness and make students understand the importance of organic products.
(a) What is horticulture?
A. Production of vegetables and fruits commercially is called horticulture.
(b) What is green manure?
A. The green plants like guar or sun hemp are turned into the soil which enriches the soil with
nitrogen and phosphorus and is called green manure.
(c) State the values of gardening club students.
A. Values of gardening club students are aware individuals and responsible behaviour.
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