Name : Mohamed Ibrahim EL-Sheary
Sec : 5
Subject : PLC
DR : Ahmed Abd El-Mohsen
ENG : Ahmad Mohamed
DATE 27.10.2024
1. What are the basic differences between contactor
and relay and why the relay couldn't be used instead
of the contactor and vice versa?
1.1 Table of basic differences between contactor and relay :
Relay Contactor Feature
Low-power control High-power control Purpose
Lower (up to 30 amps) Higher (up to hundreds of Current Rating
amps)
Lighter More robust Construction
Slower Faster Switching Speed
Automation, signaling Motors, lighting Applications
1.2 why the relay couldn't be used instead of the contactor and vice
versa?
Relays can't replace contactors because they handle lower current ratings
and are not designed for high-power applications, which could lead to
overheating and failure.
Conversely, contactors are overbuilt for low-power tasks, making them
unnecessarily bulky and costly for such applications. Using each in their
intended context ensures safety, efficiency, and reliability.
2. What are the main function of overload relay?
Answer :
The main function of an overload relay is to protect motors from
overheating by disconnecting the circuit when the current exceeds a preset
limit.
3. Explain the operation and function of Miniature
Circuit Breaker (MCB) and Moulded Case Circuit
Breaker (MCCB)?
Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB)
Operation: MCBs automatically trip to disconnect the circuit when
current exceeds the rated limit due to overload or short circuit.
Function: They protect low-voltage electrical circuits from damage by
interrupting power in fault conditions.
Moulded Case Circuit Breaker (MCCB)
Operation: MCCBs detect overloads and short circuits using thermal and
magnetic mechanisms, tripping the circuit at higher current levels.
Function: They protect larger electrical systems and provide adjustable
settings for enhanced overload protection.
4. Draw power and control circuits for start-stop three phase induction
motor by using normally open (N.O) pushbutton for start and normally
close (N.C) pushbutton for stop. When the start pushbutton is pressed, the
motor turned on and stays on until the stop pushbutton is pressed. Insert
two pilot lights. The first one turned on when the motor start running. The
second one turned on when the motor overloaded.
5. Draw power and control circuits for start-stop three phase induction
motor by using normally open (N.O) pushbutton for start and normally
close (N.C) pushbutton for stop. There is a limit sensor (limit switch) and
its contact is normally open (N.O), If the limit switch is closed its contact
the motor will be turned off.
6. Draw power and control circuits for three phase induction motor to
operate in two directions by using two normally open (N.O) pushbuttons
for start forward and backward directions and only one normally close
(N.C) pushbutton for stop motor operation.
