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Virtual Fucntion

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7 views3 pages

Virtual Fucntion

Uploaded by

arnav.jhodge
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PP Lab PRN:24070122505

Practical No-_7__ Date: / /2024

Title: Create three classes: polygon (base class), rectangle and triangle (derived classes) having
the same members: width, height, and functions set values and area. Write a C++ program using
run time polymorphism to implement it. (Make polygon class as abstract class.)

Description:

An abstract class is like a blueprint for creating other classes in programming. Think of it as a
general concept, such as a Vehicle. You can't create a Vehicle by itself; instead, you define
what a vehicle should do—like moving or stopping—but you leave out the details. Other classes,
like Car or Bike, would inherit from this abstract class and fill in those specifics. This approach
helps keep your code organized and ensures that all vehicles share some common features while
allowing each type to behave in its unique way.

On the other hand, virtual functions are like invitations for subclasses to provide their unique
responses to a shared action. For example, if you have a virtual function called startEngine()
in your Vehicle class, both Car and Bike can have their own ways of starting the engine. When
you call startEngine() on a Vehicle reference pointing to a Car, the program knows to use the
Car's version of that function. This flexibility is really powerful; it lets you write code that can
handle different types of vehicles while ensuring that each one operates according to its specific
rules, making your programs much more adaptable and easier to manage.

Program Code: #include <iostream>


using namespace std;

class Polygon {
protected:
float width, height;

public:

virtual void setValues(float w, float h) = 0;


virtual float area() = 0;
};

class Rectangle : public Polygon {


PP Lab PRN:24070122505

public:
void setValues(float w, float h) override {
width = w;
height = h;
}

float area() override {


return width * height;
}
};

class Triangle : public Polygon {


public:
void setValues(float w, float h) override {
width = w;
height = h;
}

float area() override {


return 0.5 * width * height;
}
};

int main() {

Polygon* polygon1 = new Rectangle();


Polygon* polygon2 = new Triangle();

polygon1->setValues(5.0, 4.0);
cout << "Area of Rectangle: " << polygon1->area() << endl;

polygon2->setValues(5.0, 4.0);
cout << "Area of Triangle: " << polygon2->area() << endl;

delete polygon1;
delete polygon2;
PP Lab PRN:24070122505

return 0;
}

Input and Output:

Conclusion: Thus we have implemented the concept of virtual function.

in C++

Practice programs: C++ program program to print student information using virtual
function.

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