1.

Data Sources and Ingestion:

 Identify the diverse data sources, both internal and external, that
feed into the company's data ecosystem.

Internal Data Sources:

1. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems:

 Financial data: General ledger, accounts payable,

accounts receivable, fixed assets, and inventory.

 Supply chain data: Purchase orders, sales orders,

production schedules, and logistics.

 Human resources data: Employee records, payroll,

and benefits.

2. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Systems:

 Customer data: Accounts, contacts, leads,

opportunities, and sales activities.

 Marketing data: Campaign management, email

marketing, and website analytics.

 Support data: Tickets, cases, and customer

interactions.

3. Operational Databases and Transaction Systems:

 Transactional data: Order management, inventory

management, and point-of-sale (POS) systems.

 Logistical data: Fleet management, warehouse

management, and transportation systems.

 Manufacturing data: Production planning, quality

control, and maintenance systems.

4. Enterprise Content Management (ECM) Systems:

 Unstructured data: Documents, images, videos, and

other media files.

 Knowledge management: Policies, procedures, and

technical manuals.

 Collaboration data: File shares, wikis, and discussion

forums.
External Data Sources:

1. Third-Party APIs:

 Market data: Stock prices, economic indicators, and

industry benchmarks.

 Geospatial data: Maps, weather data, and location-

based services.

 Social media data: Sentiment analysis, influencer

data, and customer engagements.

2. Web Scraping:

 Competitor data: Pricing, product information, and

marketing strategies.

 Industry news and trends: Trade publications, blogs,

and forums.

 Customer reviews and feedback: E-commerce sites,

review platforms, and social media.

3. Public Data Repositories:

 Government data: Census, economic, and

demographic information.

 Research data: Academic publications, datasets, and

scientific papers.

 Open-source data: Crowdsourced data, open data

initiatives, and community-contributed datasets.

4. Syndicated Data Providers:

 Market research data: Industry trends, consumer

behavior, and competitive intelligence.

 Demographic data: Household income, age, gender,

and other population statistics.

 Firmographic data: Company size, industry, location,

and other business attributes.
 Understand the mechanisms for ingesting and collecting data, such
as batch processing, real-time streaming, APIs, and web scraping.

- Batch processing : This type of data ingestion moves

data in batches at scheduled intervals and is best-suited
to applications that only require periodic updates
- Real-time or streaming data ingestion : Use cases
for real time data ingestion include stock market trading,
fraud detection, real-time monitoring, and other
applications that demand instant insights
- API data ingestion. Data is ingested from external
sources through APIs, a structured means of accessing
and retrieving data from other applications or platforms.
- Web scraping. Data is extracted from websites and
web pages, often to gather information for data
analytics, competitive analysis, and other research
purposes.
 Explore the use of data ingestion tools and frameworks, like Apache
Kafka, Flume, or Amazon Kinesis, that enable high-throughput, low-
latency data pipelines.

Data ingestion tools and frameworks:

1. Apache Kafka:
 Apache Kafka is a distributed streaming platform that
excels at handling large volumes of data in real-time.
 Key features:
 Scalable and fault-tolerant data pipelines
 High-throughput, low-latency message delivery
 Ability to handle both batch and real-time data
 Flexible data processing through Kafka Streams
and KSQL
 Use cases:
 Streaming data ingestion from various sources
(e.g., IoT, logs, transactions)
 Building real-time data analytics and monitoring
applications
 Enabling event-driven architectures and
microservices
2. Amazon Kinesis:
 Amazon Kinesis is a fully managed real-time data
streaming service provided by AWS.
 Key features:
 Scalable and highly available data ingestion
 Low-latency data processing and analysis
 Integrations with other AWS services (e.g.,
Lambda, S3, Glue) :
1. Real-time data processing (Lambda)
 2. Long-term data storage and data lake (S3)
3. Automated data cataloging and ETL
workflows (Glue)
 Ability to handle diverse data sources (e.g., logs,
metrics, click-streams)
 Use cases:
 Ingesting and processing real-time data for
application monitoring and analytics
 Powering real-time dashboards and event-driven
applications
 Implementing serverless architectures with
event-driven computing
3. Apache Flume:
 Apache Flume is a distributed, reliable, and available
service for efficiently collecting, aggregating, and
moving large amounts of log data.
 Key features:
 Flexible and extensible architecture for data
ingestion
 Reliable and fault-tolerant data delivery
 Support for various data sources and sinks
 Ability to handle high-volume, low-latency data
streams
 Use cases:
 Aggregating and ingesting log data from
multiple sources
 Feeding real-time data pipelines for analytical
processing
 Integrating with big data ecosystems like
Hadoop and Spark
4. Apache NiFi:
 Apache NiFi is a powerful and scalable data flow
management platform.
 Key features:
 Drag-and-drop UI for building data processing
flows
 Support for diverse data sources and sinks
 Automated data routing, transformation, and
actions
 Monitoring, provenance, and data lineage
capabilities
 Use cases:
 Ingesting and processing data from various
sources (e.g., databases, files, IoT devices)
 Enabling data movement, transformation, and
enrichment
 Implementing data processing workflows and
ETL pipelines
5. Google Cloud Dataflow:
 Google Cloud Dataflow is a fully managed batch and
streaming data processing service.
 Key features:
 Unified programming model for batch and
streaming data processing
 Automatic scaling and resource management
 Integrations with other Google Cloud services
(e.g., Pub/Sub, BigQuery)
 1. Pub/Sub: Providing a way to ingest real-
time data streams and trigger data
processing pipelines
2. BigQuery: Allowing you to store the
processed data in a scalable and
performant data warehouse for further
analysis
 Use cases:
 Ingesting and processing real-time data streams
 Performing batch data processing and ETL tasks
 Building data pipelines for analytics and
machine learning
6. Azure Data Factory:
 Azure Data Factory is a cloud-based data integration
service provided by Microsoft.
 Key features:
 Drag-and-drop pipeline authoring
 Support for diverse data sources and sinks
 Scheduling and orchestrating data movement
and transformation
 Monitoring and alerting capabilities
 Use cases:
 Ingesting and processing data from on-premises
and cloud data sources
 Implementing ETL and ELT workflows
 Enabling data-driven decision-making and
business intelligence
7. Talend Data Fabric:
 Talend Data Fabric is a unified platform for data
integration, data quality, and master data
management.
 Key features:
 Graphical design tools for building data pipelines
 Support for batch and real-time data ingestion
 Data quality and governance capabilities
 Connectivity to a wide range of data sources and
targets
 Use cases:
 Ingesting and integrating data from
heterogeneous sources
 Implementing data quality and master data
management strategies
 Building end-to-end data pipelines for business
intelligence and analytics
2.Data Ingestion Mechanisms:
-> Batch processing: Scheduled or event-driven processes that
extract data in bulk from source systems, often using tools like
Apache Sqoop, AWS Glue, or Azure Data Factory.
-> Real-time streaming: Leveraging stream processing
frameworks like Apache Kafka, Amazon Kinesis, or Google
Pub/Sub to ingest and process data in near real-time.
API-based ingestion: Utilizing RESTful or GraphQL APIs to
retrieve data from various sources, often integrated through an
API management platform.
Web scraping: Deploying web scraping tools and libraries (e.g.,
Python's BeautifulSoup, Scrapy, or Selenium) to extract data
from websites.
3.Data Ingestion Tools and Frameworks:
 Apache Kafka(streaming): A popular open-source
distributed streaming platform for building real-time
data pipelines and applications.
 Amazon Kinesis(streamig): A fully managed AWS
service for collecting, processing, and analyzing real-
time streaming data.
 Apache Flume(batch): A distributed, reliable, and
available service for efficiently collecting,
aggregating, and moving large amounts of log data.
 Apache Sqoop(batch): A tool designed for efficiently
transferring bulk data between Hadoop and
structured datastores like relational databases.
 AWS Glue(batch): A fully managed extract, transform,
and load (ETL) service that makes it easy to prepare
and load data for analytics.
 Azure Data Factory(both streaming, batch): A cloud-
based data integration service that allows you to
create data-driven workflows for orchestrating and
automating data movement and transformation.
2. Data Ingestion Strategies:
 Incremental data loading: Ingesting only the new or
updated data since the last ingestion, to minimize
processing overhead.
 Change data capture (CDC): Identifying and ingesting
only the changes made to source data, often using
database transaction logs or event-based triggers.
 Data lake ingestion: Consolidating diverse data
sources into a centralized data lake, using
technologies like Amazon S3, Azure Data Lake
Storage, or Hadoop-based solutions.
 Hybrid ingestion: Combining batch and real-time
ingestion approaches to handle both historical and
newly generated data.