“SKELETAL SYSTEM
AND SPORTS”
PRESENTED BY GROUP 3
What is skeletal system and
sports?
the whole skeletal system (including bones, joints, ligaments, cartilage and
tendons) contribute to sports performance. bones protect the body’s organs which
may have otherwise been damaged, due to contact and force which is involved in most
sport. the function of the skeleton in sports is also to provide rigidly and structure
to the body, as well as providing strength to the body.
movement is completely necessary in sport, as well as daily life. The skeletal system
contributes in sports includes the allowance of movement in many different
directions, involving different groups of bones to do so. Bones also provide leverage
which is essential in sports, and they also act as a structure for muscles. joints aid
movement and the range of flexibility between bones.
mostly, sport and exercise which is practiced at young age, aids in the prevention of
osteoporosis (a condition where bones become less dense, and frail) at a later stage
in life. This condition puts people at a greater risk of breaks and fractures to bones,
as weakening of the bones makes them more susceptible to damage.
The muscular system
ALL OUR MOVEMENTS HAPPEN AS A RESULT OF THE
SHORTENING(CONTRACTING) AND LENGTHENING(EXTENDING) OF
MUSCLES. OUR MUSCLES CAN:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
MUSCLES IS THE TISSUE THAT ALLOWS US FOR ACTIVE MOVEMENT OF OUR BODY OR MATERIALS
WITHIN OUR BODY. THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE: SKELETAL MUSCLE, CARDIAC
MUSCLE, AND SMOOTH MUSCLE. MOST OF OUR BODY’S SKELETAL MUSCLE PRODUCES MOVEMENT
BY ACTING ON THE SKELETON.
types of muscle tissue
types of muscle tissue
Skeletal muscles: These are voluntary muscles attached to bones and responsible for body movement.
They are striated (having a striped appearance) and are controlled consciously. Skeletal muscles help
with functions such as walking, lifting, and other activities that require coordination and strength.
types of muscle tissue
Cardiac muscles: Found only in the heart, cardiac muscles are responsible for pumping blood
throughout the body. Like skeletal muscles, they are striated, but they are involuntary, meaning they
function without conscious control. Cardiac muscles work continuously and rhythmically to ensure the
heart beats consistently.
types of muscle tissue
Smooth muscles: These muscles are involuntary and are found in the walls of hollow organs such as the
intestines, blood vessels, and the bladder. Smooth muscles are non-striated and are responsible for
movements like digestion, blood flow, and other internal processes that do not require conscious
thought.
MAIN PARTS OF
MUSCLES
MAJOR MUSCLE GROUP
OF THE HUMAN BODY
HOW DO OUR MUSCLES
WORK?
HOW DO OUR MUSCLES WORK?
Our muscles can work in different ways. There are three
main types of muscles contraction:
1. Isometric contractions: These contractions occur when
the muscle length stays the same despite force being
generated. An example is holding a heavy weight in a static
position.
2. Concentric contractions: These contractions occur when
the muscle shortens as it generates force. An example is
lifting a weight.
3. Eccentric contractions: These contractions occur when
the muscle lengthens as it generates force. An example is
lowering a weight slowly.
what happens to our muscular
system as we exercise?
1. There is an increased flow of blood to the working muscles.
2. Muscles take up more of the oxygen from the blood.
3. The muscles contract more often and more quickly.
4. More of the muscle fibers contract.
5. There is a rise in temperature in the muscles.
6. Our stores of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and creatine
phosphate (CP) in the muscles are used up.
7. Waste products such as carbon dioxide and lactic acid build
up in the muscles.
8. These waste products may lead to tiredness and
cramp(muscle fatigue).
9. Our stores of muscle glucose are used up.
10. Overuse of muscles can lead to soreness and strains.
roles of muscles
roles of muscles
OUR MUSCLE CAN ONLY CONTRACT OR RELAX, AND UNDER NORMAL CONDITIONS CONTRACTION
RESULTS ONLY FROM A SERIES OF NERVE IMPULSES. OUR MUSCLE MAY CONTRACT FULLY OR
PARTIALLY, WITH MAXIMUM FORCE OR LESS. OUR MUSCLE MAY CONTRACT ISOMETRICALLY OR
ISOTONICALLY, SINGLY (IN RARE INSTANCES) OR AS A MEMBER OF A GROUP.
AGONIST (PRIMARY MOVER). A muscle is a mover when its concentric concentration
contributes to the desired movement of a segment of the body. For instance, in flexion at the
elbow, the biceps brachii is a mover.
ANTAGONIST. A muscle is antagonist to a movement when it must relax to allow the
movement to occur. Antagonist muscles cause actions opposite those caused by the agonist
muscles. For instance, in performing triceps extension exercise, the antagonist muscle is the
biceps.
agonist and antagonist
skeletal muscle pair
AGONIST ANTAGONIST MOVEMENT
BICEPS BRACHII: IN THE TRICEPS BRACHII: IN THE THE BICEPS BRACHII FLEXES
ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT THE FOREARM, WHEREAS THE
OF THE ARM. OF THE ARM. TRICEPS BRACHII EXTENDS IT.
HAMSTRINGS: GROUP OF QUADRICEPS FEMORIS: GROUP THE HAMSTRINGS FLEX THE
THREE MUSCLES IN THE OF FOUR MUSCLES IN THE LEG, WHEREAS THE
POSTERIOR ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF QUADRICEPS FEMORIS
COMPARTMENT OF THE THE THIGH. EXTEND IT.
THIGH.
FLEXIOR DIGITORUM THE FLEXOR DIGITORUM
EXTENSOR DIGITORUM: IN THE
SUPERFICIALIS AND SUPERFICIALS AND FLEXOR
POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT
FLEXOR DIGITORUM DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS FLEX
OF THE FOREARM. THE FINGERS AND THE HAND AT
PROFUNDUS: IN THE
THE WRIST, WHEREAS THE
ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT
EXTENSOR DIGITORUM EXTENDS
OF THE FOREARM.
THE FINGERS AND THE HAND AT
THE WRIST.
Thank you for
listening!
MEMBERS
TRIXIE MAE ARAÑA
ANA ABBIE GADBILAO
ANGELO UMALI
LEAH TUAÑO
RICA PORTUGAL
SHIELA MARIE DETECIO
TRISHA ANNE MENDOZA
FRANZ MIKAN ZUNIGA
