BRAHAMAGUPTA
GUIDED BY-MR. RAJAN KUMAR
MADE BY – RAVINDRA MANDA
INTRODUCTION
Brahmagupta was an Indian mathematician and astronomer.
He was born on 598 CE
Bhillamala, Gurjaradesa, Chavda kingdom
(modern day Bhinmal, Rajasthan, india)
He is the author of two early works on mathematics and astronomy: the
Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta (BSS, “correctly established doctrine of Brahma”,
dated 628), a theoretical treatise, and the Khandakhadyaka (“edible bite”,
dated 665), a more practical text.
INFORMATION
He was died on 668 CE (aged c. 69–70)
Ujjain, Chalukya Empire
(modern day Madhya Pradesh, India)
He was the son of Jishnugupta and was a Hindu by religion, in
particular, a Shaivite. He lived and worked there for a good part
of his life.
RECEPTION
Brahmagupta’s mathematical advances were carried on further
by Bhāskara II, a lineal descendant in Ujjain, who described
Brahmagupta as the ganaka-chakra-chudamani (the gem of the
circle of mathematicians). Prithudaka Svamin wrote
commentaries on both of his works, rendering difficult verses into
simpler language and adding illustrations. Lalla and Bhattotpala
in the 8th and 9th centuries wrote commentaries on the Khanda-
khadyaka.[14] Further commentaries continued to be written into
the 12th century
A few decades after the death of Brahmagupta, Sindh came under
the Arab Caliphate in 712 CE. Expeditions were sent into
Gurjaradesa
MATHEMATICS
Brahmagupta (ad 628) was the first mathematician to provide
the formula for the area of a cyclic quadrilateral. His
contributions to geometry are significant. He is the first person
to discuss the method of finding a cyclic quadrilateral with
rational sides.
Brahmagupta was the first to treat zero as a number in its own
right, and to establish rules for working with negative numbers
Quadratic equations
Brahmagupta provided solutions to quadratic equations, including those with both
positive and negative roots
Cyclic quadrilaterals
Brahmagupta discovered the formula for calculating the area of a cyclic quadrilateral,
given the lengths of its sides. This formula is known as Brahmagupta’s formula
Interpolation theory
Brahmagupta initiated a new branch of mathematics called interpolation theory.
Brahmagupta is also known as the father of the zero and mathematics
Trigonometry
Brahmagupta was the one to give the area of a triangle and the important rules of
trigonometry such as values of the sin function
ASTRONOMY
Brahmagupta contended that the Earth and the universe are not flat but spherical. He was the
first to utilise mathematics to forecast planet locations and lunar and solar eclipse timings.
Though all of these appear to be obvious and straightforward solutions, they were significant
scientific advancements at the time.
Calculating the length of the solar year: Brahmagupta calculated the length of the solar year to
be 365 days, 5 minutes, and 19 seconds.
Predicting the positions of planets: Brahmagupta developed methods for calculating the
positions of planets and other celestial objects.
Calculating the timing of eclipses: Brahmagupta calculated the timing of lunar and solar
eclipses.
Proving the Earth is a sphere: Brahmagupta proved that the Earth is a sphere and calculated its
circumference to be around 36,000 km (22,500 miles).
Disputing the flat Earth theory: Brahmagupta disputed the Puranic belief that the Earth is flat
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