KEY POINTS

1. Probability: - The theoretical probability of an event E, written as P (E) is defined as.P (E) =
Number of outcomes Favorable to E Number of all possible outcomes of the experiment Where
we assume that the outcomes of the experiment are equally likely.

2. The probability of a sure event (or certain event) is 1.

3. The probability of an impossible event is 0.

4. The probability of an Event E is number P (E) such that 0≤P (E) ≤1.

5. Elementary events: - An event having only one outcome is called an elementary event. The
sum of the

probabilities of all the elementary events of an experiment is 1.

6. For any event E, P (E) +P ( ) =1, where stands for not E, E and are called complementary
event.

8. Sample space:-The set of all possible outcomes in an experiment is called sample space.

9. An event is a subset of a sample space.

10. Equally likely events - If one event cannot be expected in preference to other event then
they are said to be equally likely.

LEVEL-I

1. The probability of getting bad egg in a lot of 400 is 0.035.Then find the no. of bad eggs in the
lot.

2. Write the probability of a sure event.

3. What is the probability of an impossible event?

4. When a dice is thrown, then find the probability of getting an odd number less than 3.

5. A girl calculates that the probability of her winning the third prize in a lottery is 0.08.If 6000
tickets are sold, how many ticket has she bought.

6. What is probability that a non-leap year selected at random will contain 53 Sundays.

7. A bag contains 40 balls out of which some are red, some are blue and remaining are black. If
the probability of

drawing a red ball is and that of blue ball is , then what is the no. of black ball?

8. Two coins are tossed simultaneously. Find the probability of getting exactly one head.

9. A card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability of getting an ace.

10. In a lottery, there are 10 prizes and 25 blanks. Find the probability of getting a prize.

LEVEL-II

1. Find the probability that a no. selected at random from the number 3, 4, 5, 6...25 is prime.

2. A bag contains 5 red, 4 blue and 3 green balls. A ball is taken out of the bag at random. Find
the probability that

the selected ball is (a) of red colour (b) not of green colour.

3. A card is drawn at random from a well-shuffled deck of playing cards. Find the probability of
drawing

(a) A face card (b) card which is neither a king nor a red card

4. A dice is thrown once. What is the probability of getting a number greater than 4?

5. Two dice are thrown at the same time. Find the probability that the sum of two numbers
appearing on the top of the dice is more than 9.
6. Two dice are thrown at the same time. Find the probability of getting different numbers on
both dice.

7. A coin is tossed two times. Find the probability of getting almost one head.

8. Cards with numbers 2 to 101 are placed in a box. A card selected at random from the box.
Find the probability that the card which is selected has a number which is a perfect square.

9. Find the probability of getting the letter M in the word “MATHEMATICS”.

LEVEL-III

1. Cards bearing numbers 3, 5… 35 are kept in a bag. A card is drawn at random from the bag.
Find the probability of getting a card bearing (a) a prime number less than 15 (b) a number
divisible by 3 and 5.

2. Two dice are thrown at the same time. Find the probability of getting (a) same no. on the both
side (b) different

no. on both dices.

3. A child game has 8 triangles of which three are blue and rest are red and ten squares of which
six are blue and rest are red. One piece is lost at random. Find the probability of that is (a) A
square (b) A triangle of red colour.

4. Two dice are thrown simultaneously. What is the probability that:

(a) 5 will not come up either of them? (b) 5 will come up on at least one? (c) 5 will come at
both dice?

5. The king, queen and jack of clubs are removed from a deck of 52 playing cards and
remaining cards are shuffled. A card is drawn from the remaining cards. Find the probability of
getting a card of (a) heart (b) queen (c) clubs

6. A game consist of tossing a one-rupee coin 3 times and noting its outcome each time. Hanif
wins if all the tosses give the same result, i.e., 3 heads or three tails and loses otherwise.
Calculate the probability that Hanif will lose the game.
7. Cards bearing numbers 1, 3, 5… 37 are kept in a bag. A card is drawn at random from the
bag. Find the

probability of getting a card bearing (a) A prime number less than 15 (b)a number divisible by
3 and 5.

8. A dice has its six faces marked 0, 1, 1, 1, 6, 6.Two such dice are thrown together and total
score is

recorded.(a)how many different scores are possible? (b) What is the probability of getting a
total of seven?

Self-Evaluation/HOTS

1. Two dice are thrown simultaneously .Find the probability of getting an even number as the
sum.

2. Cards marked with the number 2 to 101 are placed in a box and mixed thoroughly. One card
is drawn from the box. Find the probability that the number on the card is:

(i) An even number (ii) A number less than 14 (iii) A number is perfect square

(iv) A prime number less than 20

3. Out of the families having three children, a family is chosen random. Find the probability that
the family has (i) Exactly one girl (ii) At least one girl (iii) At most one girl

Board questions of previous years

Level -I

1. A die is thrown once. What is probability of getting a number greater than 4?

2. A bag contains 4 red and 6 black balls. A ball is taken out of the bag at random. Find the
probability of

getting a black ball?

3. A die is thrown once. Find the probability of getting.

a) prime number b) A number divisible by 2.

Level -II

1. A bag contains card which are numbered from 2 to 90. A card is drawn at random from the
bag.

Find the probability that it bears.

a.) A Two digit number b.) A number which is perfect square.

2. Two dice are rolled once. Find the probability of getting such numbers on the two dice whose

product is 12.

Level – III

1. Red queens and black jacks are removed from a pack of 52 playing card. A card is drawn at

random from the remaining card, after reshuffling them. find the probability that the drawn card
is:

i) King ii) of red colour iii) a face card iv) queen

2. All the red face cards are removed from a pack of 52 playing cards. A card is drawn at
random

from the remaining cards after reshuffling them. Find the probability that the card drawn is

i) Of red colour ii) a queen iii) an ace iv) a face card.

3. In a family of 3 children, find the probability of having a least 1 boy.

4. Three unbiased coins are thrown simultaneously. Find the probability of getting.i. Exactly
two heads.ii.At least two heads. iii. At most two head

ANSWER
LEVEL-I

1. 14 2. 1 3. 0 4. 1/6 5. 480 6. 1/7 7. 10 8. ½ 9. 1/13 10. 2/7

LEVEL - II

1. 8/23 2. A. 5/12 B. ¾ 3. A. 3/13 B. 6/13 4. 1/3 5. 1/6 6. 5/6 7. ¾ 8. 9/100 9. 2/11

LEVEL – III

1. A. 5/17 B. 1/17 2. A. 1/6 B. 5/6 3. A. 5/9 B. 5/18 4. A. 25/36 B. 11/36 C. 1/36

5. A. 13/49 B. 3/49, C 10/49 6. ¾ 7. A. 5/19 B. 1/19 8. A. 6 scores B. 1/3

BOARD QUESTIONLEVEL-I

1. 1/3 2. 3/5 3. ½, ½ LEVEL- II 1. 81/89, 8/89 2. 1/9LEVEL- III

1. 1/12, 11/48, 1/6, 1/24 2. 10/23,1/23,2/23,3/23 3. 7/8 4. 3/8, ½,7/8
PRACTICE QUESTIONS (PROBABILITY)

CLASS: X : MATHEMATICS

1. Cards, marked with numbers 5 to 50, are placed in a box and mixed thoroughly. A

card is drawn from the box at random. Find the probability that the number on the

taken card is (i) a prime number less than 10. (ii) a number which is a perfect square.

2. A bag contains 5 red, 4 blue and 3 green balls. A ball is taken out of the bag at

random. Find the probability that the selected ball is (i) of red colour (ii) not of gree colour.

3. A card is drawn at random from a well-shuffled deck of playing cards. Find the

probability of drawing a (i) face card (ii) card which is neither a king nor a red card.

4. 15 cards, numbered 1, 2, 3, ..., 15 are put in a box and mixed thoroughly. A card is

drawn at random from the box. Find the probability that the card drawn bears (i) an

even number (ii) a number divisible by 2 or 3.

5. A card is drawn at random from a pack of 52 playing cards. Find the probability that

the card drawn is neither an ace nor a king.

6. Find the probability of getting 53 Fridays in a leap year.

7. The king, queen and jack of diamonds are removed from a pack of 52 cards and then

the pack is well shuffled. A card is drawn from the remaining cards. Find the

probability of getting a card of (i)diamonds, (ii) a jack

8. Three cards of spades are lost from a pack of 52 playing cards. The remaining cards

were well shuffled and then a card was drawn at random from them. Find the

probability that the drawn cards are of black colour.

9. Two different dice are tossed together. Find the probability (i) that the number on

each dice is even (ii) that the sum of numbers appearing on two dice is 5.

10. Cards marked with numbers 3, 4, 5, ...., 50 are placed in a box and mixed thoroughly.

One cardis drawn at random from the box. Find the probability that number on the

drawn card is (i) divisible by 7 (ii) a number which is a perfect square.

11. Cards bearing numbers 1, 3, 5, ..........., 35 are kept in a bag. A card is drawn at

random from the bag. Find the probability of getting a card bearing (a) a prime

number less than 15. (b) a number divisible by 3 and 5.

12. Two dice are rolled once. Find the probability of getting such numbers on the two

dice, whose product is 12.

13. A bag contains 5 white balls, 7 red balls, 4 black balls and 2 blue balls. One ball is

drawn at random from the bag. What is the probability that the ball drawn is (i)

white or blue (ii) red or black (iii) not white (iv) neither white nor black.

14. A card is drawn at random from a well-shuffled deck of playing cards. Find the

probability that the card drawn is (i) a king or a jack (ii) a non-ace (iii) a red card (iv)

neither a king nor a queen.

Prepared by: M. S. KumarSwamy, TGT(Maths) Page - 2-

15. A box contains 19 balls bearing numbers 1, 2, 3, ....,19. A ball is drawn at random

from the box. What is the probability that the number on the ball is (i) a prime

number (ii) divisible by 3 or 5 (iii) neither divisible by 5 nor by 10 (iv) an even number.

16. From a pack of 52 playing cards, jacks, queens, kings and aces of red colour are
removed. From the remaining a card is drawn at random. Find the probability that

the card drawn is (i) a black queen (ii) a red card (iii) a black jack (iv) a face card.

17. A bag contains 5 red balls and some blue balls. If the probability of drawing a blue

ball from the bag is thrice that of a red ball, find the number of blue balls in the bag.

18. Two dice are thrown simultaneously. What is the probability that (a) 5 will not come

up on either of them? (b) 5 will come up on at least one? (c) 5 will come up at both

dice?

19. Two dice are rolled once. Find the probability of getting such numbers on two dice,

whose product is a perfect square.

20. One card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability of

drawing: (i) an ace (ii) ‘2’ of spades (iii) ‘10’ of a black suit.

21. Cards marked with the numbers 2 to 101 are placed in a box and mixed thoroughly.

One card is drawn from this box. Find the probability that the number on the card is

(i) an even number (ii) a number less than 14 (iii) a number which is a perfect square

(iv) a prime number less than 20.

22. All the three face cards of spades are removed from a well-shuffled pack of 52 cards.

A card is then drawn at random from the remaining pack. Find the probability of

getting (i) a black face card, (ii) a queen, (iii) a black card.

23. A bag contains 12 balls out of which x are white. (i) If one ball is drawn at random,

what is the probability that it will be a white ball? (ii) If 6 more white balls are put in

the bag, the probability of drawing a white ball will be double than that in (i). Find x.
24. A bag contains 18 balls out of which x balls are red. (i) If one ball is drawn at random

from the bag, what is the probability that it is not red? (ii) If 2 more red balls are put

in the bag, the probability of drawing a red ball will be 9/8 times the probability of

drawing a red ball in the first case. Find the value of x.

25. A child’s game has 8 triangles of which 3 are blue and rest are red, and 10 squares of

which 6are blue and rest are red. One piece is lost at random. Find the probability

that it is a (i) triangle (ii) square (iii) square of blue colour (iv) triangle of red colour

26. A card is drawn at random from a well-shuffled deck of playing cards. Find the

probability that the card drawn is (i) a card of spade or an ace (ii) a red king (iii)

neither a king nor a queen (iv) either a king or queen.