MIS SUBSYSTEMS
MIS
A system providing management with
accurate and timely information necessary
to facilitate the decision-making process
and enable the organization's planning,
control, and operational functions to be
carried out effectively.
Systems may consist of numerous sub-
systems, each of which has elements,
interactions, and objectives. Subsystems
perform specialized tasks related to the
overall objectives of the total system.
INFORMATION SYSTEMS BY PLANNING LEVELS SERVED
KIND OF SYSTEM GROUPS SERVED
STRATEGIC LEVEL SENIOR MANAGERS
MANAGEMENT LEVEL MIDDLE MANAGERS
KNOWLEDGE LEVEL KNOWLEDGE &
DATA WORKERS
OPERATIONAL OPERATIONAL
LEVEL MANAGERS
SALES & MANUFACTURING FINANCE ACCOUNTING HUMAN
MARKETING RESOURCES
INFORMATION SYSTEMS BY ROLE SUPPORTED
Group Discussion / Presentation
Types and use of the following ISs
1. EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEMS (ESS)
2. DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS (DSS)
3. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS (MIS)
4. KNOWLEDGE WORK SYSTEMS (KWS)
5. OFFICE AUTOMATION SYSTEMS (OAS)
6. TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEMS (TPS)
Transaction Processing System (TPS)
Transaction processing reflects the principal
business activities of a firm - sales, production,
inventory, shipping, receiving, billing, accounts
payable, accounts receivables, payroll,
general ledger, etc.
Transaction Processing System's primary
purpose is to record, process, validate, and
store transactions that take place in the
various functional areas of a business for future
retrieval and use.
Transaction processing systems are cross-
functional information systems that process
data resulting from the occurrence of business
transactions.
- A TPS records internal and external
transactions for a company.
- A TPS performs routine and repetitive tasks. It
is mostly used by lower-level managers to
make operational decisions.
- Transactions can be recorded in batch mode
or online. In batch mode files are updated
periodically; and in online mode, each
transaction is recorded as it occurs.
- TPS is a six-step process - Data entry, Data
capture, Data validation, Processing and re-
validation, Storage, Output generation, and
Query support.
Office Information System
Office automation systems are the
combination of hardware, software, and
people in information systems, that process
office transactions and support office activities
at all levels of the organization.
These systems include a wide range of support
facilities, which include word processing,
electronic filing, electronic mail, message
switching, data storage, data and voice
communication, etc.
Office automation systems are meant to
improve the productivity of managers at
various levels of management by providing
secretarial assistance and better
communication facilities.
Management Reporting System
Management Reporting Systems are the most
elaborate of management-oriented MIS
components.
Its main objective is to provide lower and
middle level management with printed reports
and inquiry capabilities to help maintain
operational and management control of the
enterprise
Usually developed by information system
professionals, rather than by end-users.
Oriented towards reporting on the past and the
present, rather than projecting the future.
Largely report on internal company operations.
Generally have limited analytical capabilities.
Do not directly support the decision-making
process
Provide Scheduled or Periodic Reports, Exception
Reports, and Demand or Ad-hoc Report.
Decision Support System
Decision Support Systems are a class of
computerized information systems that support
decision-making activities.
DSS are interactive computer-based systems
and subsystems intended to help decision-
makers.
A DSS may present information graphically and
may include an expert system or artificial
intelligence.
DSS tends to be designed primarily to serve
management control level and strategic
planning level managers.
DSSs support for decision-makers in semi-
structured and unstructured problems.
DSSs are more focused on specific decisions
rather than routine flows of information.
DSS present information graphically and may
include an expert system or artificial
intelligence.
DSSs are adaptive over time.
Business Expert System
The business expert system is a knowledge-
based information system that uses its
knowledge about a specific, complex
application area to act as an expert.
This system is one of the knowledge-based
information systems.
Business Expert System
The expert system provides decision support to
managers in the form of advice from an expert
in a specific problem area.
Expert systems find application in diverse
areas, ranging from medical, engineering, and
business.
ENTERPRISE-WIDE SYSTEMS
INFORMATION SYSTEMS THAT SPAN ORGANIZATIONAL
BOUNDARIES
Large complex computing systems which handle
large volumes of data and enable organizations to
integrate and coordinate their business processes.
Such systems normally are a single system central to
organizations and ensure that information can be
shared across all functional levels and management
hierarchies.
They are large-scale enterprise-wide applications that
support
• Business processes, • Information flows, • Reporting,
and • Data analytics in complex organizations.
ENTERPRISE-WIDE SYSTEMS
INFORMATION SYSTEMS THAT SPAN ORGANIZATIONAL BOUNDARIES
Manufacturing Accounting
Business Processes
Vendors Enterprise-wide Business Customers
Processes
Human
Finance
Resources
Sales &
Marketing
Benefits of Enterprise-Wide Systems
- Firm structure and organization - One
organization
- Management - Organisation wide knowledge-
based management processes
- Technology - Unified platform
- Business - More efficient operations & customer-
driven business processes
Examples
-Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
Process of managing all resources and their use in
the entire enterprise in a coordinated manner.
Objective is to integrate all departments and
functions across an organization onto a single
information system that can serve all of the
enterprise needs.
Examples
-Supply Chain Management (SCM) Systems
Supply chain:
Network of organizations and business processes
for:
Procuring raw materials
Transforming them into intermediate and finished products
Distributing finished products to customers
Includes secondary and tertiary suppliers
Upstream portion: Suppliers
Downstream portion: Distributors
Examples
-Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
Systems
CRM is a technology for managing all of an
organization’s relationships and interactions with
customers and potential customers.
