Vector Algebra
Vector Algebra
It has only
the
magnitude
and no
direction.
So it is a
scalar
10kg quantity.
It has only
the
magnitude
and no
direction.
So it is a
scalar
quantity.
300
It has only
the
magnitude
and no
direction.
So it is a
scalar
70 Watts quantity.
It has both
the
magnitude
25m/s2 Acceleratio and as
n well as
direction.
Therefore
it is a
vector
quantity.
It has only
the
magnitude
and no
direction.
So it is a
scalar
Distance quantity.
It has both
the
magnitude
and as
well as
direction.
Therefore
it is a
vector
Force quantity.
It has both
the
magnitude
and as
well as
direction.
Therefore
it is a
vector
Velocity quantity.
It has only
the
magnitude
and no
direction.
So it is a
scalar
Speed quantity.
It has only
the
magnitude
and no
direction.
Work done
So it is a
scalar
quantity.
It has both
the
magnitude
and as
well as
direction.
Therefore
it is a
vector
Torque quantity.
Right handed
rectangular coordinate
System
respectively.
In general l2+m2+n2 =1.
Problem: -
Write two different vectors having same direction.
Zero Vector:-
A vector, whose initial and terminal points coincide,
is called a zero vector or (null vector).
It is denoted by 0.
Zero vectors cannot be assigned a definite direction
as it has zero magnitude.
Unit Vector:-
A vector whose magnitude is unity (i.e., 1 unit) is
called a unit vector.
The unit vector in the direction of a given vector a ⃗ is
denoted by aˆ.
Coinitial Vectors:-
Two or more vectors having same initial point are
called Co initial vectors.
Collinear Vectors:-
Two or more vectors are said to be collinear if they
are parallel to the same line, irrespective of their
magnitudes and directions.
For example: - Consider 3 vectors as shown in the
figure, they all are parallel to each other but their
magnitudes are different as well as the directions.
But they are said to be collinear vectors because
they are parallel to each other.
Equal Vectors:-
Two vectors are said to be equal, if they have the
same magnitude and direction regardless of the
positions of their initial points.
For example: - Consider 2 vectors whose
magnitudes and their directions are same
irrespective of origin, then they are known as equal
vectors.
Negative of a Vector:-
A vector whose magnitude is same as that of a
given vector but direction is opposite to that of it is
called negative of the given vector.
Free Vectors:-
Vectors that don’t change even if it is displaced in
parallel direction without changing its magnitude
and direction are called free vectors.
Problem:-Represent graphically a displacement
of 40 km, 30° west of south.
displacement.
Addition of Vectors
expressed as:-
AC ⃗ = AB ⃗ + BC ⃗
This is known as the triangle law of addition.
Head
to tail
vector
addition
To add two vectors, position them so that the initial
point of one coincides with the terminal of the other.
Consider two vectors a ⃗and b ⃗ and move them
parallel to each other such that tail of b ⃗ touches
the head of a ⃗.
⃗ + b ⃗).
Then the resultant vector will be given as vector (a
ĵ + 5k̂ ) and
c ⃗ = (î -6 ĵ -7 k̂ ).
Therefore (a ⃗+ b ⃗+ c ⃗) = (1-2+1) î + (-2+4-6) ĵ + (1+5-
7) k̂
=0.î -4 ĵ -1 k̂ .
=-4 ĵ -1 k̂ .