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Medical Surgical 1 questionnaire

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Med 1

Medical Surgical 1 questionnaire

Uploaded by

enolaaniston
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Medical Surgical Nursing Bullets (NLE & NCLEX)

 In a patient with hypokalemia (serum potassium level below 3.5 mEq/L), presenting signs and symptoms include muscle weakness and cardiac
arrhythmias.

 During cardiac arrest, if an I.V. route is unavailable, epinephrine can be administered endotracheally.
 Pernicious anemia results from the failure to absorb vitamin B12 in the GI tract and causes primarily GI and neurologic signs and symptoms.
 A patient who has a pressure ulcer should consume a high-protein, high-calorie diet, unless contraindicated.
 The CK-MB isoenzyme level is used to assess tissue damage in myocardial infarction.
 After a 12-hour fast, the normal fasting blood glucose level is 80 to 120 mg/dl.
 A patient who is experiencing digoxin toxicity may report nausea, vomiting, diplopia, blurred vision, light flashes, and yellow-green halos around
images.

 Anuria is daily urine output of less than 100 ml.


 In remittent fever, the body temperature varies over a 24-hour period, but remains elevated.
 Risk of a fat embolism is greatest in the first 48 hours after the fracture of a long bone. It’s manifested by respiratory distress.
 To help venous blood return in a patient who is in shock, the nurse should elevate the patient’s legs no more than 45 degrees. This procedure is
contraindicated in a patient with a head injury.

 The pulse deficit is the difference between the apical and radial pulse rates, when taken simultaneously by two nurses.

 To reduce the patient’s risk of vomiting and aspiration, the nurse should schedule postural drainage before meals or 2 to 4 hours after meals.
 Blood pressure can be measured directly by intra-arterial insertion of a catheter connected to a pressure-monitoring device.
 A positive Kernig’s sign, seen in meningitis, occurs when an attempt to flex the hip of a recumbent patient causes painful spasms of the hamstring
muscle and resistance to further extension of the leg at the knee.

 In a patient with a fractured, dislocated femur, treatment begins with reduction and immobilization of the affected leg.
 Herniated nucleus pulposus (intervertebral disk) most commonly occurs in the lumbar and lumbosacral regions.
 Laminectomy is surgical removal of the herniated portion of an intervertebral disk.
 Surgical treatment of a gastric ulcer includes severing the vagus nerve (vagotomy) to reduce the amount of gastric acid secreted by the gastric cells.
 Valsalva’s maneuver is forced exhalation against a closed glottis, as when taking a deep breath, blowing air out, or bearing down.
 When mean arterial pressure falls below 60 mm Hg and systolic blood pressure falls below 80 mm Hg, vital organ perfusion is seriously compromised.
 Lidocaine (Xylocaine) is the drug of choice for reducing premature ventricular contractions.
 A patient is at greatest risk of dying during the first 24 to 48 hours after a myocardial infarction.
 During a myocardial infarction, the left ventricle usually sustains the greatest damage.
 The pain of a myocardial infarction results from myocardial ischemia caused by anoxia.
 For a patient in cardiac arrest, the first priority is to establish an airway.
 The universal sign for choking is clutching the hand to the throat.

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