Foundation Studies in Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering

Curtin University of Technology

ENGINEERING MECHANICS 100: DYNAMICS

Solution Sheet for Tutorial 1

1 2
Question 1: (1) Using the kinematic equations of 2as = v 2 and s = at for the
2
constant acceleration since v=0 and s=0 when t=0

v = 2as = 2 × 30 × 2000 = 346.4m / s

2s 2 × 2000
t= = = 11.55 s
a 30

(2) When a= (6+0.02s) m/s2, using ads = vdv yields

v
s v v2 
∫0
(6 + 0.02 s )ds = ∫ vdv
0
[ 6 s + 0 . 01 s ] = 
2 s
0
 2

0

Thus v = 2(6s + 0.01s 2 )

At s=2 km=2000 m, v = 2(6 × 2000 + 0.01 × 20002 ) = 322.5m / s

Question 2: From the a-s graph, the acceleration as a function of time

 0 .8 t (0 ≤ t < 10 s )
a=
 8 ( t ≥ 10 s )

dv
Using the kinematic equation of a = and integrating yields
dt
v = 0 .4 t 2
t v
0 ≤ t < 10 s , ∫0 (0.8t )dt = ∫0 dv ;
When t=10 s, v = 0.4 × 102 = 40m / s
t v
t ≥ 10 s , ∫10
(8)dt = ∫ dv ;
40
v = 8t − 40

Thus the velocity as a function of time

0.4t 2 (0 ≤ t < 10 s )
v=
 8t − 40 ( t ≥ 10 s )
v + 40 50 + 40
When v=50 m/s, the corresponding time t = = = 11.25 s
8 8

Engineering Mechanics- Dynamics Tutorial 1 Page 1 of 4

 Foundation Studies in Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering
Curtin University of Technology

v (m/s)
v-t Graph
v = 8t − 40

40
v = 0.4t 2

10 t t (s)

Question 3:

vA
vAsin55 d h
45°
10° x
vAcos55 s

Horizontal Motion: s = (v A cos 55)t = d cos 10 (1)

1 2
Vertical Motion: h = (v A sin 55)t −
gt = d sin 10 (2)
2
Equation (2) is divided by equation (1) to yield
1
v A sin 55 − gt
2 = tan 10
v A cos 55

Thus 2v A cos 55(tan 55 − tan 10) 2 × 24 × cos 55 × (tan 55 − tan 10)

t= = = 3.51s
g 9.81
24 × cos 55 × 3.51
and d= = 49.07 m
cos 10

Question 4:
x
30°
vC

y 3m

(a) Horizontal Motion: R = (vc cos 30)t (1)

1 2
Vertical Motion: h = (vc sin 30)t + gt = 3 (2)
2
Engineering Mechanics- Dynamics Tutorial 1 Page 2 of 4
 Foundation Studies in Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering
Curtin University of Technology

Rearranging and substituting equation (1) into equation (2) yields

2
g R 
R tan 30 +   =3
2  vc cos 30 

Thus the maximum distance at the end A of the car

smax = R = 1.19m

(b) Horizontal Motion: R + 1 = (vc cos 30)t (3)

1 2
Vertical Motion: h = (vc sin 30)t +
gt = 3 (4)
2
Then combing equations (3) and (4) yields
2
g R+1 
( R + 1) tan 30 +   =3
2  vc cos 30 

Thus the minimum distance at the end A of the car

smin = R = 0.189m

Question P1: From the v-t graph, the velocity as a function of time

 6t ( 0 ≤ t < 0 .5 s )

v =  3 ( 0 .5 ≤ t < 1 .0 s )
− 4t + 7 (1.0 ≤ t < 2.0)


When the particle crosses the origin (i.e. v=0), the time at this instant
7−v 7−0
t= = = 1.75 s
4 4
dv
Using a = , the acceleration as a function of time becomes
dt
 6 ( 0 ≤ t < 0 .5 s )

a =  0 ( 0 .5 ≤ t < 1 .0 s )
 − 4 (1.0 ≤ t < 2.0)

s t
Using ds = vdt , when 0 ≤ t < 0.5 s ∫ ds = ∫ 6tdt ; s = 3t − 2
2
−2 0

When t = 0.5 s , s = 3 × 0.52 − 2 = −1.25m. Using this as the initial condition for next
time period, we have
s t
0.5 ≤ t < 1.0 s ∫ ds = ∫ 3dt ; s = 3t − 2.75
− 1.25 0.5

Engineering Mechanics- Dynamics Tutorial 1 Page 3 of 4

 Foundation Studies in Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering
Curtin University of Technology

When t = 1.0 s , s = 3 × 1.0 − 2.75 = 0..25m

s t
Thus, 1.0 ≤ t < 2.0 s ∫ ds = ∫ ( −4t + 7)dt ; s = −2t 2 + 7 t − 4.75
0.25 1.0

The displacement as a function of time becomes

 3 t 2 − 2 ( 0 ≤ t < 0 .5 s )

s =  3t − 2.75 (0.5 ≤ t < 1.0 s )
 − 2t 2 + 7 t − 4.75 (1.0 ≤ t < 2.0)


v-t graph

a-t graph

s-t graph

Question P2:

The origin is placed on the ball with the positive sense of x-axis to the right and that
of y axis upward.

Horizontal Motion: s = (v0 cosθ )t (1)

1 2
Vertical Motion: h = (v0 sin θ )t −gt (2)
2
Substituting equation (1) into equation (2) yields

s g
v0 =
cosθ 2( s tan θ − h)
When s=1.83m, h=4.6-1.2=3.4 m and θ=80°, the required minimum velocity

1.83 9.81
vmin = = 8.83m / s
cos 80 2(1.83 × tan 80 − 3.4)

When s=1.83+3.05=4.88 m, h=4.6-1.2=3.4 m and θ=80°, the required maximum

velocity
4.88 9.81
vmax = = 12.63m / s
cos 80 2(4.88 × tan 80 − 3.4)
Engineering Mechanics- Dynamics Tutorial 1 Page 4 of 4