College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

WORKSHEET FOR LABORATORY EXERCISE No. 1:

Reducing Field Sample of Aggregates

Name: Yr. & Section: 3-A Date Performed: 10/07/24

st
Subject: MATEST 311 Semester: 1 Semester AY: 2024-2025
Group number: 5
Group members: TRUMPETA, Henry Jr. D.
TUBLE, Christopher John II M.
VILLALUNA, Kimberlee G.
AGTING, Carl John T.
ANIAN, Dorween Carl R.
BIASCA, Jay Faith
DEMA-ANGAY, Stella Mae S.
GABIOTA, Renz Karl E.
JAENA, Jean Rose P.
PUSON, Jose Efren B.

I. Introduction:

Objective: To learn and understand the correct method of obtaining sample

aggregate for mechanical analysis.

Referenced Documents: ASTM (C 702-98, C 33, D 75, C 330 -89)

AASHTO T 248

Selection of Method:
1. Fine Aggregate – Filed sample of fine aggregate that are drier than the
saturated-surface-dry condition shall be reduced in size by a mechanical
splitter according to Method A. Field sample having free moisture on the
particle surface may be reduced in sizes by quartering method according to
Method B.
1.1. If the use of Method B is desired, and the field sample does not
have free moisture on the particle surfaces, the sample may be
moistened to achieve this condition, thoroughly mixed, and then
the sample reduction performed.
Experiment No. 1: Reducing Field Samples of Aggregates
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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

1.2.
If the use of Method A is desired and the field sample has free
moisture on the particle surfaces, the entire field sample may be
dried to at least surface-dry condition using the temperature that
do not exceed those specified for any of the test contemplate,
and then the sample reduction performed.
2. Coarse Aggregates and Mixture of Coarse and Fine Aggregates – Reduce
the sample using a mechanical splitter in accordance with Method A
(preferred method) or by a quartering method in accordance with Method B.

Apparatus and Materials:

1. Representative sample of aggregate
2. Spade
3. Container
4. Sample Splitter

II. Procedure:

Method B – Quartering
1. Place the sample on a hard, clean, level surface where there will neither loss
of material nor the accidental addition of foreign material.

2. Mix the material thoroughly by turning the entire sample over three times.
With the last turning, shovel the entire sample into a conical pile by
depositing each shovel on top of the preceding one.

Experiment No. 1: Reducing Field Samples of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

3. Carefully
flatten the conical pile
to a uniform
thickness
and diameter, by
pressing
down the apex with a
shovel or other device
so that each quarter sector of the resulting pile will contain the material
originally in it. The diameter should be approximately four to eight times the
thickness.

4. Divide the flattened mass approximately into four equal part quarters with a
shovel, trowel or other suitable device and remove to diagonally oppose
quarters, including all fine materials, and brush the cleared spaces clean.

Experiment No. 1: Reducing Field Samples of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

5. Successively mix and quarter the remaining material until the sample is
reduced to the desired size.

III. Test Results: Not Applicable

IV. Conclusion:

Submitted by: _____________________

Experiment No. 1: Reducing Field Samples of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

WORKSHEET FOR LABORATORY EXERCISE No. 2:

Sieve Analysis of Coarse and Fine Aggregate

Name: Yr. & Section: 3-A Date Performed: 10/07/24

st
Subject: MATEST 311 Semester: 1 Semester AY: 2024-2025
Group number: 5
Group members: TRUMPETA, Henry Jr. D.
TUBLE, Christopher John II M.
VILLALUNA, Kimberlee G.
AGTING, Carl John T.
ANIAN, Dorween Carl R.
BIASCA, Jay Faith
DEMA-ANGAY, Stella Mae S.
GABIOTA, Renz Karl E.
JAENA, Jean Rose P.
PUSON, Jose Efren B.

I. Introduction:

Objective: To determine the particle size distribution of fine and coarse aggregate by
sieving.

Referenced Documents: ASTM (136-96a, C 702, E 11, D 75)

AASHTO (T 27-91, T 11-65)

Apparatus:
1. Balance, accurate to 0.1 g
2. Set of sieves with pan and cover
3. Mechanical sieve shaker (optional)
4. Brush
5. Oven

Experiment No. 2: Sieve Analysis of Coarse and Fine Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

II. Procedure:

1. Obtain a representative sample by quartering or by the use of sample splitter.

The sample to be tested should be the approximate weight desired when dry.
For this experiment about 500 grams of fine aggregate and about 10 to 12
kilograms of coarse aggregate.

2. Dry the samples to constant temperature in the oven at a temperature 110 ±

5°C (230 ± 41°F).
3. Assemble the sieves in order of decreasing size of opening from top to bottom
and place sample on top of the sieve and cover it with the lid.
a) for coarse aggregate: 1”, ¾ “, ½”, 3/8”, #4 , #8, pan
b) for fine aggregate: 3/8”, #4 , #8, #30, #50, #100, pan

Experiment No. 2: Sieve Analysis of Coarse and Fine Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

4. Agitate the sieve by hand or by mechanical shaker for five minutes or for a
sufficient period.

5. Limit the quantity of material on a given sieve so that all the particles have
opportunity to reach sieve openings a number of times during the sieving
operations. For the sieve with openings smaller than No. 4 (4.75mm), the
weight retained on any sieve at the completion of the sieving operations shall
not exceed 6 kg/m2 of sieving surface. For the sieve with openings No. 4
(4.75mm) and larger, the weight in kg/m2 of the sieving surface shall not
exceed the product of 2.5 x (sieve opening in mm). In no case shall the weight
be so great as to cause a permanent deformation of the sieve cloth.
6. Continue sieving for sufficient period in such a manner that, after completion,
not more that 0.5 percent by weight of the total sample passes any sieve during
one (1) minute of continuous hand sieving.
7. Weigh the material that is retained on each sieves, including the weight
retained in the pan and record in the data sheet. The total weight of the
material after sieving should check closely with original sample placed on the
sieve. If the sum of these weights is not within 1 percent (0.3 for ASTM
requirement) of the original sample, the procedure should be repeated.

Experiment No. 2: Sieve Analysis of Coarse and Fine Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

8. Compute the cumulative percent retained on and the percent passing each
sieve.
9. Plot the gradation curves for the coarse and the fine aggregate from the
experiment on the graph provided. Plot the specific gradation curves for coarse
and fine aggregates (to be specified by the laboratory instructor). Plot the
combine-grading curve using the 40% aggregate and 60% fine aggregate.
10. Compute the Fineness Modulus for fine and coarse aggregates.

III. Test Results:

A. SEIVE ANALYSIS
Mass of dry sample (before sieving):
Cum.
Mass of Mass of Cum. % Finer
Mass of
Mass of Sieve + Retained % Soil or
US Diameter Soil
Sieve retained soil per Retained Passing
Sieve No. (mm) Retained
(g) soil sieve on sieves on Sieve
on sieve
(g) (g) (Ri) (Fi)
(g)
No. 4 4.750
No. 8 2.360
No. 10 2.000
No. 20 0.850
No. 30 0.595
No. 40 0.425
No. 50 0.355
No. 60 0.250
No. 100 0.149
Pan

Mass of sieved dry sample (after sieving) =_______________

% Loss = _____________________ < 2% Yes No

Experiment No. 2: Sieve Analysis of Coarse and Fine Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

Computation for Fineness Modulus

Sieve Number 3/8 No.4 No. 8 No. 16 No. 30 No. 50 No. 100
Diameter (mm) 9.50 4.75 2.36 1.10 0.595 0.355 0.149
Cum. % Retained

Σ( percent retained on specified sieves )

FM = =¿
100

Ave . ¿ ¿

Particle Size Distribution Curve

100

90

80

70
Percent Passing

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10

Diameter, mm

Experiment No. 2: Sieve Analysis of Coarse and Fine Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

IV. Conclusion:

Submitted by: _____________________

Experiment No. 2: Sieve Analysis of Coarse and Fine Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

WORKSHEET FOR LABORATORY EXERCISE No. 3:

Determination of Specific Gravity and Water Absorption of Aggregates

Name: Yr. & Section: 3-A Date Performed: 10/11/24

st
Subject: MATEST 311 Semester: 1 Semester AY: 2024-2025
Group number: 5
Group members: TRUMPETA, Henry Jr. D.
TUBLE, Christopher John II M.
VILLALUNA, Kimberlee G.
AGTING, Carl John T.
ANIAN, Dorween Carl R.
BIASCA, Jay Faith
DEMA-ANGAY, Stella Mae S.
GABIOTA, Renz Karl E.
JAENA, Jean Rose P.
PUSON, Jose Efren B.

I. Introduction:

Objective: The test method covers the determination of the specific gravity and
absorption of coarse and fine aggregate.

Referenced Documents: ASTM (C 127, C 136, C 70, C 702)

Apparatus:
For Coarse Aggregate
1. Balance, sensitive to 0.01lb or gram
2. Wire mesh basket
3. Drying Oven
4. 3/8” Sieve
5. Water tank

Experiment No. 3: Determination of Specific Gravity and Water Absorption of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

For Fine Aggregate

1. Balance, sensitive to 0.01lb or gram
2. 500 ml Chapman Flask
3. Dryer
4. Drying Oven

II. Procedure:

Preparation of Sample (for Coarse Aggregate)

1. Thoroughly mixed the sample aggregate and reduce it to the approximate
quantity needed using quartering or mechanical shaker method.
2. Reject all materials passing 4.75 mm (No. 4) sieve sieving and thoroughly
washing to remove dust or other coatings from the surface.

3. The minimum weight of test sample to be used is given below:

Maximum Weight of Test Sample
Nominal Maximum Size, mm (in.)
kg, (lb.)
12.5 (1/2) or less 2(4.4)
19.0 (3/4) 3(6.6)
25.0(1) 4(8.8)
37.5(1 ½) 5(11)
50 (2) 8(18)
63(2 ½) 12(26)
75(3) 18(40)
Experiment No. 3: Determination of Specific Gravity and Water Absorption of Aggregates
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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering
90 (3 ½) 25(55)
100 (4) 40(22)
112(4 ½) 50(110)
125 (5) 75(165)
150 (6) 125(276)

For Coarse Aggregate

1. Dry the test sample to constant weight at a temperature of 110±5°C (230±9°F).

2. Cool in air at room temperature 1 to 3 hours, or until the aggregate has cooled to
a temperature that is comfortable to handle (approximately 50°C) and weigh.
3. Soak aggregate under water for 24 ± 4hours.

Experiment No. 3: Determination of Specific Gravity and Water Absorption of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

4. Obtain approximately 5kg of saturated coarse aggregate (retained on 3/8” sieve

preferably).

5. Towel the aggregate to a saturated surface-dry condition (SSD). A moving

steam may be used to assist drying operation. Take care to avoid evaporation of
water from aggregate pores during the surface-drying operation.

6. Measure SSD weight (B) of aggregate in air to the nearest 1 gm. Do this quickly
to prevent evaporation.

7. Place the sample in the wire mesh basket, and determine its weight in water (C)
at 23 ± 1.7°C (73.4 ± 3°F). Take care to remove all entrapped air before
weighing by shaking the container while immersed. Be sure to subtract the
submerged weight of the basket from the total.

Experiment No. 3: Determination of Specific Gravity and Water Absorption of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

8. Place the wet aggregate in oven, and dry to constant weight at a temperature of
110 ± 5°C (230 ± 9°F) (leave the aggregate in oven overnight). Cool the
aggregate in air at room temperature 1 to 3 hours, or until the aggregate has
cooled to a temperature that is comfortable to handle (approximately 50°C) and
weigh (A).

9. From the above data (i.e., A, B, and C) calculate

the three types of specific gravity and absorption as defined below:

A
a. Bulk Specific Gravity (Dry) =
B−C
B
b. Bulk Specific Gravity (SSD) =
B−C
A
c. Apparent Specific Gravity =
A−C
B−A
d. Absorption = ×100
A
A = weight of oven-dry test sample, gm
B = weight of saturated surface-dry sample in air, gm
C = weight of test sample in water, gm

Experiment No. 3: Determination of Specific Gravity and Water Absorption of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

For Fine Aggregate:

1. Obtain approximately 4 kg air-dry fine aggregate (all groups working together).
2. Bring fine aggregate to SSD condition as explained by the instructor.
3. Each group takes approximately 500 gm of the SSD aggregate. Record exact
weight of SSD sample (D).
4. Fill Chapman Flask to 450 ml mark and record weight of water and flask in
grams (B). The water temperature should be about 23 ± 1.5°C (73 ± 3°F).

5. Empty the water in flask to about 200 ml marks and add SSD aggregate to flask.
Fill flask to almost 450 ml mark with additional water.

6. “Roll” flask on flat surface to eliminate air bubbles. Then fill the flask with water
up to 450 ml. Record total weight (in gm) of flask plus the water plus aggregate
(C).
7. Pour entire contents of flask into pan and place in an oven. Additional tap water
may be used as necessary to wash all aggregate out of the flask. Return after 24
hours or as long as it takes for the aggregate to dry and record weight of oven-
dry aggregates (A).

Experiment No. 3: Determination of Specific Gravity and Water Absorption of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

8. From the data above, calculate specific gravities and absorption defined below:

A
a. Apparent Specific Gravity =
B+ A−C
A
b. Bulk Specific Gravity =
B+ D−C
D
c. Bulk Specific Gravity (SSD) =
B+ D−C
D− A
d. Absorption = ×100 %
A

III. Test Results:

SPECIFIC GRAVITY AND WATER ABSORPTION

FINE AGGREGATE
ITEM WEIGHT
SSD Weight in Air (D)
Weight of Pyc. + Water (B)
Weight of Pyc. + Water + Sample (C_
Oven Dry Weight (A)

COARSE AGGREGATE
ITEM WEIGHT
SSD Weight in Air (B)
Weight in Water (C)
Oven Dry Weight (A)

Experiment No. 3: Determination of Specific Gravity and Water Absorption of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering
RESULTS
ITEM COARSE FINE
Apparent Specific Gravity
Bulk Specific Gravity (Dry)
Bulk Specific Gravity (SSD)
Absorption

Experiment No. 3: Determination of Specific Gravity and Water Absorption of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

IV. Conclusion:

Submitted by: _____________________

Experiment No. 3: Determination of Specific Gravity and Water Absorption of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

WORKSHEET FOR LABORATORY EXERCISE No. 4:

Determination of Density of Aggregates

Name: Yr. & Section: 3-A Date Performed: 10/14/24

st
Subject: MATEST 311 Semester: 1 Semester AY: 2024-2025
Group number: 5
Group members: TRUMPETA, Henry Jr. D.
TUBLE, Christopher John II M.
VILLALUNA, Kimberlee G.
AGTING, Carl John T.
ANIAN, Dorween Carl R.
BIASCA, Jay Faith
DEMA-ANGAY, Stella Mae S.
GABIOTA, Renz Karl E.
JAENA, Jean Rose P.
PUSON, Jose Efren B.

I. Introduction:

Objectives: To determine the unit weight (bulk density) values that is necessary for
use for several methods of selecting proportions for concrete mixtures.

Referenced Documents: ASTM (C29, C 29M-97, C 127, C 136, C 702)

AASHTO T 11

Apparatus:
1. Balance, sensitive to 0.1lb or 0.05 kg.
2. Tamping rod, 5/8” (16.0 mm dia.), and 18” (600 mm) long.
3. Volume measure

Experiment No. 4: Determination of Density of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

II. Procedure:

1. Obtain a representative sample of air-dry thoroughly mixed coarse aggregate

and reduce the sample by quartering method.
2. Fill the measure one-third full and level the surface with fingers.

3. Rod or tamp the layer 25 strokes of the tamping rod evenly distributed over the
surface.

4. Fill the measure to two- thirds full and rod 25 times

without penetrating the previous layer.

Experiment No. 4: Determination of Density of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

5. Fill the measure to overflowing and 25 times. Level the surface with fingers or
the rod such that any slight projections of larger pieces of aggregate
approximately balance the larger voids in the surface below the top of the
measure. Do not compress the aggregate.

6. Determine the weight (or mass) to the nearest 0.1 lb. (0.05kg.).
7. Calculate the unit weight.

III. Test Results:

DENSITY OF AGGREGATES
Aggregate Size:
Maximum Size:
Nominal Grad:
Source:

ITEM Trail 1 Trail 2 Trail 3 Trail 4

Total Weight, lb (kg.)
Measured Weight, lb. (kg.)
Weight of Aggregate, lb.
(kg.)
Measure Volume, ft3(m3)
Unit Weight, lb/ft3 (kg/m3)
%Difference from Average

Experiment No. 4: Determination of Density of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

Calculation:
W t −W m
UW =
V
UW = Unit Weight (Bulk Density), lb.ft3 (kg/m3)
W t = Weight of aggregate plus measure
W m = Weight of calibrated measure
V = Volume

Experiment No. 4: Determination of Density of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

IV. Conclusion:

Submitted by: _____________________

Experiment No. 4: Determination of Density of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

WORKSHEET FOR LABORATORY EXERCISE No. 5:

Determination of Moisture Content of Aggregates

Name: Yr. & Section: 3-A Date Performed: 10/14/24

st
Subject: MATEST 311 Semester: 1 Semester AY: 2024-2025
Group number: 5
Group members: TRUMPETA, Henry Jr. D.
TUBLE, Christopher John II M.
VILLALUNA, Kimberlee G.
AGTING, Carl John T.
ANIAN, Dorween Carl R.
BIASCA, Jay Faith
DEMA-ANGAY, Stella Mae S.
GABIOTA, Renz Karl E.
JAENA, Jean Rose P.
PUSON, Jose Efren B.

I. Introduction:

Objective: To determine the percentage of surface moisture in both fine and coarse
aggregate.

Referenced Documents: ASTM (C 566-96, C 127, C 128, C 125)

Apparatus:
1. Balance, sensitive to 0.01 gm
2. Sample container
3. Stirrer or spoon or spatula
4. Flask or Pycnometer
5. Small rubber syringe or medicine dropper

Experiment No. 5: Determination of Moisture Content of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

II. Procedure:

Method B – Oven Dry

1. Obtain a representative sample of aggregate. For fine aggregate, obtain a
specimen with a weight (mass) of approximately 500 gm. For coarse aggregate,
obtain a specimen of approximately 100 gm.

2. Identify and weigh sample container.

3. Put the sample aggregate into a container.

4. Weigh the container with sample aggregate to the nearest 0.1 gm.

Experiment No. 5: Determination of Moisture Content of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

5. Dry the sample to a constant weight (mass) at 110°C ± 5°C (230°F ± 9°F).
6. When dry, weigh to the nearest 0.1 gm. And record as oven dry.

III. Test Results:

The percentage of moisture in an oven dry basis:

Wet .Wt . − Dry Wt .
% Moisture Oven Dry Basis = x 100 %
Dry Wt .
Wet Wt. = original weight (mass) of aggregate
Dry Wt. = oven dry weight (mass) of aggregate

Calculate the percent surface (free) moisture:

% Surface Moisture = (% Moisture, Oven Dry Basis) (% Absorption, from Mix
Design)

Experiment No. 5: Determination of Moisture Content of Aggregates

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College of Engineering BS in Civil Engineering

IV. Conclusion:

Submitted by: _____________________

Experiment No. 5: Determination of Moisture Content of Aggregates

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