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Ruby Hashes

Ruby hashes

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Muthamil0593
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20 views2 pages

Ruby Hashes

Ruby hashes

Uploaded by

Muthamil0593
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ruby hashes are collections of key-value pairs.

They are similar to dictionaries in


other programming languages and allow for efficient data retrieval based on keys

Creating a Hash
You can create a hash using curly braces {} or the Hash.new method:

# Using curly braces


person = { name: "Alice", age: 30, city: "New York" }
# Using Hash.new
empty_hash = Hash.new

Common Hash Methods


Accessing Values
Use the key to access the corresponding value.
puts person[:name] # Output: Alice

Adding/Updating Key-Value Pairs


You can add a new key-value pair or update an existing one.
person[:email] = "[email protected]" # Add
person[:age] = 31 # Update

Deleting a Key-Value Pair


Use delete to remove a key-value pair.
person.delete(:city) # Removes the :city key

Checking for Keys or Values


Use key? or has_key? to check if a key exists, and value? for values.
puts person.key?(:age) # Output: true
puts person.value?("Alice") # Output: true

Getting Keys or Values


Use keys to get an array of keys, and values to get an array of values.keys =
person.keys # Output: [:name, :age, :email, :country, :occupation]
values = person.values # Output: ["Alice", 31, "[email protected]", "USA",
"Engineer"]

Iterating Over a Hash


Use each to iterate through the key-value pairs.
person.each do |key, value|
puts "#{key}: #{value}"
end

Example:
person = { name: "Alice", age: 30, city: "New York" }

# Accessing a value
puts person[:name] # Output: Alice

# Adding/updating
person[:email] = "[email protected]"
person[:age] = 31

# Deleting a key
person.delete(:city)

# Iterating through the hash


person.each do |key, value|
puts "#{key}: #{value}"
end
# Checking keys and values
puts person.key?(:age) # Output: true
puts person.value?("Alice") # Output: true

# Merging with another hash


additional_info = { country: "USA", occupation: "Engineer" }
person.merge!(additional_info)

# Displaying keys and values


puts person.keys # Output: [:name, :age, :email, :country, :occupation]
puts person.values # Output: ["Alice", 31, "[email protected]", "USA", "Engineer"]

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