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Honors Physics - Newton's Second Law Lab

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26 views5 pages

Honors Physics - Newton's Second Law Lab

Uploaded by

neevashah11110
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Name(s)___________________

Honors Physics- Newton’s Second Law

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between acceleration, force, and mass.

Materials: Pasco Force and Motion kit, Pasco Track, washers, string, Sparkvue

NOTE: You may need to make reference to the notes or lab on RELATIONSHIPS!

PART 1 – ACCELERATION AND FORCE


1. Set up your equipment as shown in the diagram below.
2. Be sure your string is just long enough so that the hanging mass just touches the
floor.
3. Turn on the Smart Cart and pair with Spark
Vue.
4. Choose FORCE and VELOCITY for data.
5. Chose graph only for template.
6. Make sure nothing is on the hook of the
force probe and ZERO the sensor.
7. Attach the string and add 1 washer to the hanging hook. Verify the force is
positive. If not, change the sign, by click the force value button.
8. Pull back the cart and click start. Data collection begins release the cart.
9. Click stop before cart hits the end stop if possible.
10. Click the select tool and highlight the horizontal part of the force.
11. Use statistics to display the MEAN value. Record this value in the data table
below.
12. Highlight a part of the line on the velocity-time graph. Find the SLOPE of this
line and record. This is the acceleration of the cart.
13. Add a second washer and repeat.
14. Add an additional washer until you have 6 sets of Force and Acceleration data.

Data Table- Part 1

Trial Acceleration (m/s/s) Force (N)


1
2
3
4
5
6
Part 1 Analysis

Using Excel, construct a Force (Y-axis) vs. Acceleration (x-axis) graph. Do NOT find the
slope. Snip your graph below.

What kind of relationship is this?

Write a proportionality based on these results?

What quantity remained CONSTANT in this experiment besides the displacement?

What CHANGED in this experiment besides the time?

Fill in the appropriate words for the following statement:

“The acceleration is __________________ proportional to the


_____________, when the ______________ is constant.”
PART 2 – ACCELERATION AND MASS

1. Make sure you start a NEW EXPERIMENT in SparkVue.


2. Use the largest mass from part 1 and all your data from that particular trial for
trial 1 here in part 2.
3. Measure and record the mass of an empty glider for trial 1.
4. Keeping the hanging mass constant, add mass to the glider and record the total
mass for trial 2.
5. Repeat the procedure from trial 1 but only measure the VELOCITY. Turn off the
force.
6. Find the slope of the line. This is your ACCELERATION.
7. Add additional mass to the glider until you have 6 sets of data.

Data Table – Part 2

Trial Acceleration (m/s/s) Mass of Glider (kg)


1
2
3
4
5
6

Part 2 Analysis

Using Excel, construct an Acceleration (y-axis) vs. Mass (x-axis) graph. Do NOT find the
slope. Snip your graph below.

What kind of relationship is this?

Write a proportionality based on these results?


What remained CONSTANT in this experiment besides the displacement?

What CHANGED in this experiment besides the time?

Fill in the appropriate words for the following statement:

“The acceleration is __________________ proportional to the


_____________, when the ______________ is constant.”

Fill in the statement below by considering BOTH parts of this experiment.

The acceleration is ________________proportional to the


____________ and _____________ proportional to the
_____________.’

Using the relationships, you experimentally determined in BOTH parts as well as


what was constant in EACH case, DERIVE an equation for an OBJECT that is
ACCELERATING. Write your experimental equation below. Hint: Change the
proportionality sign into an EQUAL sign.

Part 3 – Solving for the cart’s mass

Solve the above equation for MASS. Show this in the box below.
Does the equation for mass look like the SLOPE model? Slope = Rise/Run

What plays the role of the RISE?

What plays the role of the RUN?

What plays the role of the SLOPE?

Start a NEW experiment with the cart paired with SPARKVUE. Choose only the
FORCE and ACCELERATION(x) and the GRAPH as the template.

DELETE the acceleration graph that appears. Click on the TIME button at the
bottom and change this to acceleration. You should have a FORCE(Y) vs
ACCELERATION(X) graph.

Measure the mass of your cart in kilograms = ________________________

1. Place the cart on the track with NO STRING.


2. Click start.
3. Move the cart back and forth on the track using only the hook.
4. Click stop.
5. Click linear fit and find the slope.

Snip your graph below and record your slope

Slope = ______________________

Determine your % error using the actual value for the mass of the cart
𝑨𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 − 𝑬𝒙𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒍
% 𝒆𝒓𝒓𝒐𝒓 = | | 𝒙𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝑨𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍

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