Scribd
Upload
20 views9 pages

ICT Assignment

lmdcl

Uploaded by

alisharoz99
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
20 views9 pages

ICT Assignment

lmdcl

Uploaded by

alisharoz99
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

University of Management & Technology

Department of Artificial Intelligence


School of Systems and Technology
Fall Semester 2024
Application of
Muhammad Subject: Information &
Instructor’s Name: Zunnurain Hussain Communication

Technologies
Course Code CC120 Assignment #: 01
Total Marks 10 Assigning Date: 01November 2024

Student Name ALI SHEHROZ Student ID: F2024376324

Due Date:13 November 2024 02-05-2024

CLO Mapping Table


Question Description Mapped Cognitive Level (Bloom's
CLO Taxonomy)
Part A - Defining basic computing models CLO-1 C1 (Remembering)
Q1
Part A - Describing hardware components in CLO-1 C1 (Remembering)
Q2 a computer system
Part B - Performing decimal to binary, octal, CLO-2 C2 (Understanding)
Q1 and hexadecimal conversions
Part B - Performing binary to decimal, octal, CLO-2 C2 (Understanding)
Q2 and hexadecimal conversions
Part B - Performing hexadecimal to binary, CLO-2 C2 (Understanding)
Q3 decimal, and octal conversions
Part B - Solving mixed base conversions CLO-2 C2 (Understanding)
Q4 (binary, octal, hexadecimal)

Assignment 1: Understanding Basic Computing Models and Number


Systems
Part A: Basic Computing Models and Hardware (Mapping: CLO-1)
Define the following computing
models:
1) Von Neumann Architecture
It is a computer architecture wherein data and instructions are in the same space. In Von
Neumann architecture, there is a Central Processing Unit, one memory unit, and input/output
devices. The CPU is further divided into three parts: ALU, CU, and registers.

Key Features:
1. Common memory for data and instruction.
2. Sequential execution of the instructions.
3. The Control Unit retrieves instructions from memory, decodes them, and then executes
in the ALU.

2) Harvard Architecture
Harvard architecture is a type of computer architecture that involves two independent paths for
storage and signals of data as well as instructions. In this way, both the data and instructions can
be accessed in parallel so that processing time increases.

Key Features:
1. There are two individual memories present there for the storage of data and instruction.
2. Due to parallel access, processing is increased.
3. Primarily used in embedded systems and special applications such as digital signal
processors.

3) Client-Server Model
A network architecture where a server provides services or resources and clients consume
those resources over a network. A server is always hosting the services and mostly the client is
the one facing the user and it requests and consumes the services.

Key Features:
1. Client: Initiates the requests; example, web browser
2. Server: Serve requests and return resources; example, web server.
3. Typical Application – Applications used via the internet - sharing files, access a database

4) Cloud Computing Model

The distribution of computing service and applications through the Internet or what's known as
the cloud. Rather than investing money on owning and operating computing technology on-
premises or client-servers, user demand is accessed in full view.
Characteristic:
1. Pay as one go by offering service based on one usage, scalable and hosted remote.
2. Resources can be increased or decreased based on need.

Role of each hardware component


CPU (Central Processing Unit)

The CPU is the computer's "brain" taking up the challenge of giving instructions from the
programmes as well as doing arithmetical and logic operations. It coordinates all the processes
in the computer system.
Functions:
1. It works with data and also decides how other components are going to be used, like
memory as well as I/O devices.
2. The CPU gets instructions from memory.
3. The CPU figures out what the instruction means and decode it.
4. The CPU carries out the instruction (like adding numbers) and execute
them.
5. The CPU saves the result of the instruction in memory.

RAM (Random Access Memory)


RAM is the computer's short term memory. It holds information and instructions that the
computer is currently using or running. It is much more speedier than any other form of
memory, hard drives or SSDs

ROLE:
1. Quick access of data to the CPU so applications can be run, thus accelerating
performance.
2. Storage (Hard Disk Drive - HDD, Solid-State Drive - SSD):
3. RAM stores data that are in use or under any process and running
programs. Data could be examples in the form of open applications, documents,
and certain system files.
4. Once the computer is turned off, all data in the RAM gets lost (volatile memory)

Storage (Hard Disk Drive, Solid State Drive)


Storage devices store data permanently or for a long time even when a computer is powered
off.

HDD: The magnetic heads and platters write/read the data. Slower speed, but has a higher
capacity at much reduced cost.
SSD: It uses flash memory. It is more resistant to plug compared to HDDs, as well as consumes
very low power.
Role:
It Stores:
1. Houses OS
2. Applications
3. files for the user

I/O Devices (Input and Output Devices)

Input and Output Devices are used for data input into the computer as well as output of data to
or from the computer.
INPUT Devices:
These enable a user to input data into a computer. Examples are the keyboard, mouse,
microphone, etc.
Role:
1. Input devices allow users to send data to the computer
2. Input devices enable interaction with the computer, allowing users to give commands
and provide data.
Output Devices:
These are used to present the output or display information on the computer. These include
monitors, printers, and speakers.
Role:
1. These enable users to communicate with the computer system. This is obtained either
by giving input data or fetching output data after processing.
2. These allow the computer to provide feedback to users, such as displaying results or
errors.

Part B: Number Systems and Conversions (Mapping: CLO-2)

1. Convert the following decimal numbers to binary, octal, and hexadecimal:


a) 178

b) 512
c) 67

2. Convert the following binary numbers to decimal, octal, and


hexadecimal:
a) 11010101

b) 1011110

c) 11100011

3. Convert the following hexadecimal numbers to binary, decimal, and


octal:
a) 1A7
b) C4D

c) 7B2

4. Solve the following mixed conversions:


a) Convert binary 1011101 to hexadecimal.

b) Convert octal 765 to binary.

b) Convert hexadecimal 3F7 to decimal.

You might also like