For image quality at the output
For image quality at the output of
General statement
FDR nano has a low output in order to downsize, but it can be captured
without any problems by D-EVOII and Virtual Grid.
Item FDR nano spec Image concern (Reference) FDR Go spec
(D-EVO II+VG) (D-EVO + mobile X-ray system)
Maximum mAs 25 mAs (1)Sortage of dose 320 mAs
Tube current 25 to 35 mAs (2)Mortion artifact 100 to 400 mAs
Minimum exposure time 10 ms (3)Neonate radiography 1 ms
Focus size 1.2 mm (4) Enlarged blur 0.7/1.3 mm
Comparison with FDR Go
System DR X-ray equipment
FDR nano D-EVO IIVG X-ray Cart(2.5 kW)
FDR Go D-EVO Mobile X-ray system(32 kW)
FDR Go FDR nano
For image quality at the output of
Image concern(1) -1
Shortage of dose
Concern
For a low maximum mAs value, an insufficient dose is of concerned for
body parts and obese bodies.
Irradiated X-ray Transmitted X-ray Irradiated X-ray Transmitted X-ray
Strong point
Standard body thickness can be taken under the same conditions as
FDR Go, and also can be taken wide body thickness by increasing kV.
The maximum mAs of FDR nano can capture wide body thickness.
Distribution of thickness L-spine in the USA
Distribution
Distribution
Percentile
Percentile
Thickness
85kV Good Acceptable Change kV
quality
Image
100kV Good Acceptable
For image quality at the output of
Image concern(1) -2
Shortage of dose
Evidence
For all body parts except the abdomen, the preset exposure conditions
of FDR Go are within the output of FDR nano.
Exposure conditions of FDR Go (CsI)
mAs
0.25 0.5 1 2.5 3.2 10 25 32 32
kV 40 200
50 Hand Foot/Arm 160
60 Leg Head 125
70 125
80 Chest L-spine Abdomen 100
90 100
100 80
110 80
Only the abdomen is over the 80
120 maximum mAs spec of FDR nano
130 50
Output of FDR nano Output of FDR Go
For image quality at the output of
Image concern(1) -3
Shortage of dose
Evidence
FDR nano can capture a wide body thickness by increasing the kV condition.
Abdomen thickness 45 cm L-spine thickness 45 cm
FDR nano can capture more of a wide body thickness by increasing the kV condition.
Abdomen thickness 47 cm L-spine thickness 47 cm
Abdomen thickness 36 cm L-spine thickness 50 cm
For image quality at the output of
Image concern(2) -1
Motion artifact
Concern
Since the chest's movement is fast, generally it is taken with a high tube
current and short exposure time in order to suppress the motion artifacts.
But FDR nano's tube current is low, and exposure time is prolonged.
Tube current
Tube voltage
Exposure time 100 ms Exposure time 100 ms
76 to 85 kV 30mA
25mA
86 to 100 kV 25mA
Motion artifact
High tube current,
short exposure time
Low tube current,
long exposure time
High tube current, Low tube current,
short exposure time long exposure time
Strong point
For chest radiography in FDR nano, the current is 25 mA, and if the exposure
time upper limit is 125 ms, the maximum value is 3.2 mAs.
The tube current of FDR nano can capture a wide body thickness.
Distribution of Chest Thickness in the USA
Distribution
50% Standard Percentile
Percentile
Thickness: 24 cm
Distribution
mAs: 0.8 mAs 99% Thick
Thickness: 31 cm
mAs: 2.5 mAs
Thickness[cm]
For image quality at the output of
Image concern(2) -2
Motion artifact
Evidence
If the exposure time is within 125 ms, motion artifact is not a problem,
even for breathing.
Reference Motion artifact OK Motion artifact Acceptable
Lung blood Diaphragm is
vessels area little blurred. a little blurred.
For image quality at the output of
Image concern(3) -1
Neonate radiography
Concern
Motion artifacts in neonate radiography may be captured with an
exposure time of less than 10 ms. However, since the minimum exposure
time of FDR nano is 10 ms, the exposure time becomes longer.
Heart Rate and Breath Rate of Neonate
Status Neonate Adult
Normal 110 to 140 bpm 50 to 100 bpm
Heart rate Breathing disorder 150 bpm 100 to 150 bpm
After anaerobic execise 150 bpm
Normal 30 to 60 bpm 12 to 24 bpm
Breath rate
Hyperpnea 60 bpm 24 bpm
Strong point
If the X-ray output of FDR nano is low, it can be taken without any problems
by the D-EVO II and Virtual Grid.
Item POCX spec Image quality performance
Minimum FDR nano can capture a neonate
exposure time without motion artifact in 10 ms.
For image quality at the output of
Image concern(3) -2
Neonate radiography
Evidence
If the exposure time is 10 ms, it can be irradiated with the dose required
for neonate radiography, with no problem in the appearance of
the catheter.
Phantom + catheter Clinical image
73 kV 0.25 mAs Thickness: 10 cm 50 kV 0.8 mAs Thickness: 5 cm
For image quality at the output of
Image concern(3) -3
Neonate radiography
Evidence
If exposure time is 10 ms, the motion artifact for the heart rate of a neonate
is not a problem (0.15 mm).
Image of Moving Phantom
If exposure time is 10 ms, the motion artifact in the breath rate of a neonate
is not a problem (0.15 mm).
Image of Moving Phantom
For image quality at the output of
Image concern(4) -1
Enlarged blur
Concern
In radiography, in FDR nano is captured at large focus in conditions that
had been captured at small focus in FDR Go. Therefore, the enlarged blur
is increased.
Small focus Large focus
Tube
Subject
FPD
Blur is small Blur is large
Strong point
If the X-ray output of FDR nano is low, it can be taken without any problems
by the D-EVO II and Virtual Grid.
Item POCX spec Image quality performance
FDR nano can capture radiograph
Focus size without enlarged blur.
For image quality at the output of
Image concern(4) -2
Enlarged blur
Evidence
If the physical value of FDR nano is almost equal to the small focus,
there is no problem.
0 cm 5 cm 10 cm
If the chest image of FDR nano is almost equal to the small focus,
there is no problem.
FDR nano FDR Go
focal size: 1.2 mm focal size: 0.7 mm
